Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a medical treatment in which a combination of a photosensitising drug and visible light causes destruction of selected cells. Due to the lack of true selectivity of preformed photosensitisers for neoplastic tissue and their high molecular weights, PDT of superficial skin lesions has traditionally been mediated by topical application of the porphyrin precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). OBJECTIVE:This article aims to review the traditional formulation-based approaches taken to topical delivery of ALA and discusses the more innovative strategies investigated for enhancement of PDT mediated by topical application of ALA and preformed photosensitisers. METHODS:All of the available published print and online literature in this area was reviewed. As drug delivery of agents used in PDT is still something of an emerging field, it was not necessary to go beyond literature from the last 30 years. RESULTS/CONCLUSION:PDT of neoplastic skin lesions is currently based almost exclusively on topical application of simple semisolid dosage forms containing ALA or its methyl ester. Until expiry of patents on the current market-leading products, there is unlikely to be a great incentive to engage in design and evaluation of innovative formulations for topical PDT, especially those containing the more difficult-to-deliver preformed photosensitisers.
journal_name
Expert Opin Drug Delivjournal_title
Expert opinion on drug deliveryauthors
Donnelly RF,McCarron PA,Morrow DI,Sibani SA,Woolfson ADdoi
10.1517/17425247.5.7.757subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-07-01 00:00:00pages
757-66issue
7eissn
1742-5247issn
1744-7593journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Many new drug substances have low aqueous solubility which can cause poor bioavailability after oral administration. The application of solid dispersions is a useful method to increase the dissolution rate of these drugs and thereby improve their bioavailability. So far, several methods have been developed...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2011.598147
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functionalised carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) are emerging as new tools in the field of nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine. This is because they can be easily manipulated and modified by encapsulation with biopolymers or by covalent linking of solubilising groups to the external walls and tips. The possibility of incorpora...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.1.1.57
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abstract::dl-Methylphenidate (MPH) remains the most widely used pharmacological agent in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The predominantly dopaminergic mechanism of the psychostimulant actions has become more clearly defined. Neuroimaging and genetic studies are revealing the underlying neuropa...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2.1.121
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abstract::The treatment of genetic diseases using therapeutic gene transfer is considered to be a significant development. This development has brought with it certain limitations, and the process of overcoming these barriers has seen a drastic change in gene delivery. Many metal ions such as Mg2+, Mn2+, Ba2+ and, most importan...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/17425247.3.2.235
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abstract:INTRODUCTION:Development of efficient in vivo delivery systems remains a major challenge en route to clinical application of antisense technology, including RNA-cleaving molecules such as deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes). The mechanisms of oligonucleotide uptake and trafficking are clearly dependent on cell type and the type ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425247.2017.1266326
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Harnessing RNA interference as a therapeutic approach has the potential to significantly expand the druggable target space, offering new hope for treatment of diseases that cannot be addressed with existing classes of drugs. A number of siRNA therapeutics have already progressed into preclinical and clinic...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2012.642363
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of factors such as biopharmaceutical properties and study protocol on the emptying of pellets from the human stomach in a fed state. METHODS:A systematic literature search for data on human gastric emptying of pellets from a fed stomach state investi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The advent of therapeutic proteins highlights the need for delivery systems that protect and extend the duration of its action. Ranibizumab-VEGF is one such drug used for treating wet AMD. This paper describes a facile method to sustain bioactive ranibizumab release from PLGA-based particles. METHODS:Two em...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17425247.2018.1538209
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:The prediction of the in vivo drug release characteristics of modified release (MR) oral dosage forms by in vitro dissolution tests is a prerequisite for successful product development. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW:To improve the predictive power of dissolution testing, the authors recently dev...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2010.527943
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Liposomes are well-known as drug carriers, and are now critical components of two of six types of adjuvants present in licensed vaccines. The liposomal vaccine adjuvant field has long been dynamic and innovative, and research in this area is further examined as new commercial products appear in parallel wi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2016.1151871
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The ever-increasing developments in pharmaceutical formulations have led to the widespread use of biodegradable polymers in various forms and configurations. In particular, interpenetrating network (IPN) and semi-IPN polymer structures that are capable of releasing drugs in a controlled manner have gained ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2014.974871
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Oral delivery of therapeutic peptide hormones offers the promise of greater patient compliance when compared to parenteral administration routes. However, it is a huge challenge in the pharmaceutical field. Due to increasing demand for oral delivery of peptide hormones such as insulin, gonadotropin-releasi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2016.1142526
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To develop orodispersible films (ODF) based on hydrophobic polymers with higher stability to ordinary environmental humidity conditions without compromising their fast disintegration time. METHODS:A quality by design approach was applied to screen three different formulations each one based on a different h...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17425247.2016.1218458
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study focuses on the development of amlodipine bilayer buccal tablets of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) matrix system containing polyacrylate polymer (Carbopol(®))/β-cyclodextrin as the drug layer and ethylcellulose as the non-swellable backing layer, and their biointerfacial phenomena. METHODS:T...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/17425247.2016.1154038
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various techniques have been developed to prepare nanoparticles for the delivery of drugs. The implementation of these techniques for large-scale production is still in its infancy, as it requires defined steps which include excipient compatibility, process feasibility, formulation optimization, process optimization, ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425240902735806
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this work is to synthesize a novel stable and biodegradable nitric oxide (NO) donor polymer based on a chitosan backbone. This polymer needed to be linked to glutathione (GSH), which was nitrosated in a second step. This polymer has been developed as an NO delivery platform that could be further e...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/17425247.2015.1028916
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of gated mesoporous silica solids as suitable systems for controlled-release protocols is reviewed. These materials are based on mesoporous silica supports that can be prepared with tailor-made pores of around 2 - 10 nm and that show a very large specific surface area (up to 1200 m(2)/g), thus having a large l...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425240902895980
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Polymers can be designed to modify their features as a function of the level and nature of the surrounding microorganisms. Such responsive polymers can endow drug delivery systems and drug-medical device combination products with improved performance against intracellular infections and biofilms. AREAS CO...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425247.2016.1178719
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Drug release and oral absorption of drugs with pH-dependent solubility are influenced by the conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. In some cases, poor oral absorption has been observed for these drugs, causing insufficient drug efficacy. The pH-modification of a formulation could be a promising approac...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2014.881798
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Diseases of the inner ear include those of the auditory and vestibular systems, and frequently result in disabling hearing loss or vertigo. Despite a rapidly expanding pipeline of potential cochlear therapeutics, the inner ear remains a challenging organ for targeted drug delivery, and new technologies are...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2015.974548
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Augmentation of simvastatin (SMV) cytotoxicity in breast carcinoma cell lines MCF-7, by: improvement of cellular uptake and loading on alpha lipoic acid (ALA). METHODS:In this study, SMV was loaded on ALA nanoparticles and characterized for surface morphology, SMV entrapment efficiency percent (%EE), zeta p...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17425247.2016.1236788
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The renaissance in drug delivery research during the past decade led to several new approaches toward vaccine development. Transdermal immunization (TI) is a promising modality with both practical and immunological merits. Compared with conventional routes of administration, this needle-free delivery appro...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2013.746660
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In situ gel systems refer to a class of novel delivery vehicles, composed of natural, semisynthetic or synthetic polymers, which present the unique property of sol-gel conversion on receipt of biological stimulus. AREAS COVERED:The present review summarizes the latest developments in in situ gel technolog...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2012.665367
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Recent developments in ultrasound imaging and ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) improved diagnostic confidence in echography and set into motion their combined use as a tool for drug delivery and therapeutic monitoring. Non-invasive, precise and targeted delivery of drug molecules to pathological tissues b...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425247.2017.1266328
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common lethal malignancies. The prognosis is poor despite progress in early diagnosis. The initial treatment of choice is hepatic resection; unfortunately, not all patients are eligible for liver resection. Moreover, there are significant recurrences. Diffe...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
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doi:10.1517/17425247.2013.770733
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noninvasive, transient and local image-guided blood-brain barrier disruption can be accomplished using focused ultrasound exposure with intravascular injection of preformed microbubbles. MRI-guided blood-brain barrier disruption has been demonstrated and has been shown to heal in within a few hours after exposure. The...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.4.1.27
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Utilizing the prodrug approach as a method to overcome various pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic barriers to drug delivery is significantly accelerating and achieving successes. In contrast to the older traditional prodrugs which suffer from decreased bioavailability and a high profile of side effects, du...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2016.1142527
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Currently, hot melt extrusion (HME) is a promising technology in the pharmaceutical industry, as evidenced by its application to manufacture various FDA-approved commercial products in the market. HME is extensively researched for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poor water-soluble drugs, ta...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425247.2019.1609448
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:The review presents the design strategy and synthesis of multifunctional dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers with the objective to develop effective drug delivery systems. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW:Well-characterized, commercially available dendritic polymers were subjected to functionaliz...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.2010.534981
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CYPHER (Cordis, Johnson & Johnson) sirolimus-eluting stent and the TAXU (Boston Scientific) paclitaxel-eluting stent have been extensively evaluated and have been proven to be significant novel tools for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Several sirolimus derivatives have already emerged, receiving CE Mark...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug delivery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425247.3.6.783
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00