Blood pressure and cognitive performance. The Framingham Study.

abstract：:Stroke mortality is reported to be greater in blacks than in whites, but stroke incidence data for blacks and Hispanics are sparse. The aim of this study was to determine and compare stroke incidence rates among whites, blacks, and Hispanics living in the same urban community. A population-based incidence study was co...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Sacco RL,Boden-Albala B,Gan R,Chen X,Kargman DE,Shea S,Paik MC,Hauser WA

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, the authors present an objective system to evaluate interviewer performance for use in epidemiologic studies. With this quality control system, all study interviews are audio-taped, and a random sample of interviews are coded according to interviewer behaviors, such as whether the interviewer asked the ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Edwards S,Slattery ML,Mori M,Berry TD,Caan BJ,Palmer P,Potter JD

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report describes the development of hypertension among 1,270 males (aged 23-80 years at the time of entry into the study) observed prospectively for 10 years who had a baseline blood pressure of less than 140/90 mmHg and who underwent baseline spirometry. Subjects were participants in the Normative Aging Study, a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Sparrow D,Weiss ST,Vokonas PS,Cupples LA,Ekerdt DJ,Colton T

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Finland since the 1980s, coronary heart disease mortality has declined more than might be predicted by risk factor reductions alone. The aim of this study was to assess how much of the decline could be attributed to improved treatments and risk factor reductions. The authors used the cell-based IMPACT mortality mod...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Laatikainen T,Critchley J,Vartiainen E,Salomaa V,Ketonen M,Capewell S

更新日期：2005-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study estimated the incidence of clinical neonatal seizures among infants born between 1992 and 1994 in Harris County, Texas, a county with a large and ethnically diverse population. Infants with neonatal seizures were ascertained from four sources: hospital discharge diagnoses, birth certificates, death certific...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Saliba RM,Annegers JF,Waller DK,Tyson JE,Mizrahi EM

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:George W. Comstock (1915-2007), MD, MPH, DrPH, was lecturer and then professor of epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health from 1956 to 2007 and served as editor-in-chief of the American Journal of Epidemiology from 1979 to 1988. This interview of George W. Comstock took place i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Morabia A

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Homeownership is consistently associated with better mental health, but whether becoming a homeowner in later in life has positive psychological benefits has not, to our knowledge, been examined. We assessed whether acquiring a home after age 50 years was associated with depression in a representative sample of older ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Courtin E,Dowd JB,Avendano M

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:G-estimation is a flexible, semiparametric approach for estimating exposure effects in epidemiologic studies. It has several underappreciated advantages over other propensity score-based methods popular in epidemiology, which we review in this article. However, it is rarely used in practice, due to a lack of off-the-s...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dukes O,Vansteelandt S

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation of reproductive factors to risk of myocardial infarction in women aged 45-69 years was examined in a case-control interview study carried out in Massachusetts from 1986 to 1990. Each of 858 cases of first myocardial infarction was age-matched with a control from the same precinct of residence. Conditional...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Palmer JR,Rosenberg L,Shapiro S

更新日期：1992-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Four random samples representing populations at low (volunteer blood donors), intermediate, (VD clinic patients), high (family contacts of chronic antigen carriers) and very high (male homosexuals) risk of exposure to HBV were surveyed. Among HBsAg and anti-HBs negative individuals an average of 3.3% were found to be ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Szmuness W,Hoofnagle JH,Stevens CE,Prince AM

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasingly, investigators append census-based socioeconomic characteristics of residential areas to individual records to address the problem of inadequate socioeconomic information on health data sets. Little empirical attention has been given to the validity of this approach. The authors estimate health outcome eq...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Geronimus AT,Bound J

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza-like illness data are collected via an Influenza Sentinel Provider Surveillance Network at the state level. Because participation is voluntary, locations of the sentinel providers may not reflect optimal geographic placement. The purpose of this study was to determine the "best" locations for sentinel provid...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Polgreen PM,Chen Z,Segre AM,Harris ML,Pentella MA,Rushton G

更新日期：2009-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The extension of case-control methods to the study of common outcomes has led to the development of several design and analysis techniques which do not employ the rare-disease assumption. Unfortunately, the principles underlying valid application of these techniques are more subtle than those first considered by Cornf...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Greenland S,Thomas DC,Morgenstern H

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The true number of industrial accidents followed by absence from work in the Netherlands in 1993 has been estimated by using a capture-recapture approach. A government safety register noted 29,685 cases reported by Dutch companies. The statutory organization that insures employees of the same companies against absence...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： van Charante AW,Mulder PG

更新日期：1998-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Large health care databases are used extensively for pharmacoepidemiologic studies. Unique methodological issues arise when applying self-controlled designs (i.e., using within-person comparisons) for active surveillance of newly marketed drugs. We use 3 examples to illustrate bias related to population-level exposure...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang SV,Schneeweiss S,Maclure M,Gagne JJ

更新日期：2014-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In prospective studies, disease rates during follow-up are typically analyzed with respect to the values of factors measured during an initial baseline survey. However, because of "regression dilution," this generally tends to underestimate the real associations of disease rates with the "usual" levels of such risk fa...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Clarke R,Shipley M,Lewington S,Youngman L,Collins R,Marmot M,Peto R

更新日期：1999-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pooled analyses may provide etiologic insight about associations between exposure and disease. In contrast to childhood leukemia, no pooled analyses of childhood brain tumors and exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) have been conducted. The authors carried out a pooled analysis based on primar...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kheifets L,Ahlbom A,Crespi CM,Feychting M,Johansen C,Monroe J,Murphy MF,Oksuzyan S,Preston-Martin S,Roman E,Saito T,Savitz D,Schüz J,Simpson J,Swanson J,Tynes T,Verkasalo P,Mezei G

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vulvar vestibulitis is characterized by superficial pain during intercourse. Exploratory studies have suggested that oral contraceptives (OCs) could be associated with occurrence of vulvar vestibulitis. This 1995-1998 case-control study in Québec, Canada, sought to reassess this association. Included were 138 women wi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bouchard C,Brisson J,Fortier M,Morin C,Blanchette C

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two six-month randomized, controlled double-blind trials of the efficacy of virucidal nasal tissues in the prevention of natural colds were conducted in Charlottesville, Virginia, between 1983 and 1986. Tissues impregnated with malic and citric acids and sodium lauryl sulfate were used in both trials. Placebo tissues ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Farr BM,Hendley JO,Kaiser DL,Gwaltney JM

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations leads to alterations of mitochondrial biogenesis and function that might produce a decrease in mtDNA content within cells. This implies that mtDNA content might be a potential biomarker associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, data on correlates of...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Knez J,Winckelmans E,Plusquin M,Thijs L,Cauwenberghs N,Gu Y,Staessen JA,Nawrot TS,Kuznetsova T

更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors conducted a prospective study of risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation (birth weight less than a standard (race- and sex-adjusted) 10th percentile for gestational age) and preterm birth (birth prior to 37 weeks gestation) in a high-risk, inner-city, obstetric population, with special interest in...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors：

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simulation model was used to study the spread of two sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), namely gonorrhea and genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. The model is based on a stochastic pair formation and separation process, which describes the underlying structure of the sexual contact pattern. It is impleme...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kretzschmar M,van Duynhoven YT,Severijnen AJ

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using 1973-2000 mesothelioma incidence data released by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program in April 2003, the authors estimated the parameters of a birth-cohort and age model to determine whether previously reported patterns of mesothelioma in the United States have changed. Compared with analyses...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Price B,Ware A

更新日期：2004-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Past studies of the relation between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and type 2 diabetes conflict. The authors aimed to elucidate the relation by using a large community-based sample with a wide range of liver conditions. Between October 1997 and February 1998, 2,327 consecutive subjects (aged > or =35 years) were e...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang CS,Wang ST,Yao WJ,Chang TT,Chou P

更新日期：2003-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) varies considerably and may be influenced by factors such as age, smoking, number of male partners per year, and CD4 T-lymphocyte count. The loss of CD4 lymphocytes is known to be the dominant factor...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Begtrup K,Melbye M,Biggar RJ,Goedert JJ,Knudsen K,Andersen PK

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a historical prospective study covering 1970-1978, the authors evaluated the outcome of delivery to 429 parous women subsequent to a legally induced first-trimester vacuum-aspiration abortion during 1970-1975 in Uppsala County, Sweden. This outcome was compared with the outcome of delivery to 391 randomly chosen ma...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Meirik O,Nygren KG,Bergström R,Gunsjö A

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three diverse samples of men and women aged 35-64 years living in urban Poland, rural Poland, and the United States, are described and subsequently analyzed by multiple regression methods. Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and the natural logarith...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Sznajd J,Rywik S,Furberg B,Pajak A,Kurjata P,Williams OD,Sznajderman-Ciswicka M,Misiowiec P,Irving SH,Baczynska E

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies have indicated that children delivered by cesarean section are at an increased risk of developing wheezing and asthma. This could be the result of an altered immune system development due to delayed gut colonization or of increased neonatal respiratory morbidity. The authors examined the associations between d...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Magnus MC,Håberg SE,Stigum H,Nafstad P,London SJ,Vangen S,Nystad W

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We estimated associations between neighborhood supermarket gain or loss and glycemic control (assessed by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values) in patients from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Diabetes Registry (n = 434,806 person-years; 2007-2010). Annual clinical measures were linked to metrics from a geogra...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhang YT,Mujahid MS,Laraia BA,Warton EM,Blanchard SD,Moffet HH,Downing J,Karter AJ

更新日期：2017-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to examine how the consistency of self-reported exposure to dust or gas, asbestos, and quartz varied between subjects with and those without respiratory symptoms and asthma in a Norwegian community sample () in 1987-1988. Exposure characterization obtained in a structured work history i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bakke PS,Hanoa R,Gulsvik A

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00