Abstract:
:The relationship of lead exposure to blood pressure has been examined in a longitudinal study of a cohort of 89 Boston, Massachusetts, policemen. At the baseline examination, subjects had a blood lead determination and three consecutive blood pressure measurements. Triplicate blood pressure measurements were also taken at years 3, 4, and 5. Multivariate analysis revealed that, after correction for previous systolic blood pressure, body mass index, age, and smoking, a high level of blood lead was a significant predictor of subsequent elevation of systolic pressure. Bootstrap simulations of these models provided supporting evidence for the observed associations. These data suggest that lead exposure can significantly affect systolic pressure.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Weiss ST,Muñoz A,Stein A,Sparrow D,Speizer FEdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114309subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-05-01 00:00:00pages
800-8issue
5eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
123pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Narrowing and other changes in retinal arterioles may reflect damage due to hypertension, which may predict stroke and other cardiovascular diseases independently of blood pressure level. Newly developed quantitative methods of assessing retinal narrowing are used to determine whether this sign is related only to curr...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009997
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors investigated timing and trajectories of fetal growth in relation to childhood development in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development-Scandinavian Study of Successive Small-for-Gestational Age Births (1986-1988) (n = 1,059). Fetal size was assessed by ultrasound at 17, 25, and 33 gestat...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp296
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mortality studies have indicated that workers in agriculture and forestry may be at increased risk of leukemia. Findings are reported from a New Zealand Cancer Registry-based case-control study involving 546 male leukemia patients registered during 1979-1983 and aged 20 years or more at time of registration. Controls ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114410
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study in the Côte d'Or area of France used the multistep concept of colorectal carcinogenesis to compare lifetime tobacco consumption and present alcohol consumption in patients with small adenomas (less than 1 cm, n = 154) or large adenomas (n = 208) and in polyp-free controls (n = 427). Cancer patient...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethnic differences in survey participation and their effects on self-reported physical and psychiatric health status measures were examined in a longitudinal health study in Alameda County, California, in 1978 following two time intervals. Blacks and Mexican-Americans were more likely than whites to refuse to particip...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113731
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) provides a useful metric of departure from additivity of effects on a relative risk scale. In this paper, the authors show that RERI is identical to the product term in a linear odds ratio or a linear relative risk model. SAS and STATA codes are provided for fitting a...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwn411
更新日期:2009-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the long-term health consequences of the 1991 Persian Gulf War, the authors compared cause-specific mortality rates of 621,902 Gulf War veterans with those of 746,248 non-Gulf veterans, by gender, with adjustment for age, race, marital status, branch of service, and type of unit. Vital status follow-up began...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/154.5.399
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To further our understanding of the relation between mood and menopause, the authors examined 1) the association between persistent mood symptoms and menopausal status and 2) factors that increase a woman's vulnerability to an overall dysphoric mood during the early perimenopausal period. The sample consisted of an et...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwg155
更新日期:2003-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The authors conducted an investigation to determine the extent and source of an outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium gastroenteritis that occurred following a community picnic in Juneau, Alaska, in 1992, and to evaluate risk factors for illness. A case-control study among 54 picnic attendees and a retrospective cohort s...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117096
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors characterized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence and prospective changes in self-reported risk behavior over 2 years among 1,158 injection drug users (IDUs) recruited in Chennai, India, in 2005-2006. At baseline, HIV prevalence was 25.3%, and HCV prevalence was 54.5%. ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq288
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between low-level crystalline silica (silica) exposure and mortality risk is not well understood. We investigated a cohort of 44,807 Chinese workers who had worked in metal mines or pottery factories for at least 1 year from January 1, 1960, to December 31, 1974, and were followed through 2003. Low-lev...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx124
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::G-estimation is a flexible, semiparametric approach for estimating exposure effects in epidemiologic studies. It has several underappreciated advantages over other propensity score-based methods popular in epidemiology, which we review in this article. However, it is rarely used in practice, due to a lack of off-the-s...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx347
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present analyses of data from three independent clinical series and controls indicating an association between working in occupations with probable medium to high exposure to extremely low frequency (< 300 Hz) electromagnetic fields and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Case-control analyses were carried out u...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117669
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although advanced parental age at one's birth has been associated with increased risk of breast and prostate cancers, few studies have examined its effect on adult-onset sporadic hematologic malignancies. The authors examined the association of parents' ages at women's births with risk of hematologic malignancies amon...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq090
更新日期:2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Over a two-year period an attempt was made to identify instances of transmission of rubella vaccine virus from rubella vaccinees to pregnant women in Nashville-Davidson County, Tennessee. Approximately 24,000 children were immunized in a mass campaign at the outset of the study. Several prospective surveillance method...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112089
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccinating children with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) disrupts transmission, reducing disease rates in unvaccinated adults. When considering changes in vaccine dosing strategies (e.g., removing doses), it is critical to understand which groups of children contribute most to transmission to adults. We used dat...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy219
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::From July 1, 1980 to December 2, 1982, all individuals at autopsy at the University of Michigan Medical Center greater than or equal to 65 years of age and selected individuals less than 65 years of age were examined for neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Sections of the hippocampal, parahippocampal tempora...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113897
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three diverse samples of men and women aged 35-64 years living in urban Poland, rural Poland, and the United States, are described and subsequently analyzed by multiple regression methods. Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and the natural logarith...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115358
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Population-based disease registries for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cancer were linked for San Francisco residents to study the pattern of AIDS-associated malignancies diagnosed during the time period 1980-1987. A total of 1,756 newly diagnosed malignancies were identified during these years among me...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116598
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the results of cohort studies on the association between alcohol and breast cancer are rather consistent, the current evidence is based solely on North American cohorts. Therefore, this association was evaluated in the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer, conducted since 1986 among 62,573 women aged 5...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117357
更新日期:1995-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined relative hazards for mortality and functional limitations according to poor self-ratings of health using prospective data from the NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, a representative sample of US adults aged 25-74 years that has been followed since the First National Health and Nutrition Exami...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/152.9.874
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present a computer program for hypothesis testing and calculation of exact binomial confidence intervals for the adjusted relative risk in follow-up studies involving multiple strata with incidence density (person-time) denominators and small or zero person-count numerators. The program is an extension to ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114535
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Empiric data on recruitment of minorities into clinical or population studies are limited. The authors evaluated population- and community-based recruitment methods in a 1998-2001 case-control study of lung cancer among African Americans and Latinos. For lung cancer cases in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, r...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwg138
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A population-based case-control study of cancer and occupation was carried out in Montréal, Canada. Between 1979 and 1986, 449 pathologically confirmed cases of prostate cancer were interviewed, as well as 1,550 cancer controls and 533 population controls. Job histories were evaluated by a team of chemist/hygienists u...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008750
更新日期:1996-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::There is a paucity of data on basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) in the United States, since most national registries do not collect information on BCC. We evaluated BCC incidence trends and associated risk factors for BCC in 140,171 participants from a U.S. female cohort, the Nurses' Health Study (1986-2006), and a U.S. male...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt073
更新日期:2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the familial clustering and relative influence of genetic and environmental effects on postterm birth in the Swedish population by considering all full- and half-siblings born in Sweden between 1992 and 2004. Of the eligible 475,429 births, 21% occurred after 41 completed weeks and 5.5% occurred af...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kws244
更新日期:2013-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Among the major sources of indoor air pollution are combustion by-products from heating and cooking. Concern is increasing that use of polluting heating and cooking sources can increase cancer risk. In Canada, most cooking and heating currently relies on electricity or natural gas, but, in the past, and still in some ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwk117
更新日期:2007-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Placental abruption is an uncommon obstetric complication associated with high perinatal mortality rates. The authors explored the associations of abruption with fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery, and perinatal survival. The study was based on 7,508,655 singleton births delivered in 1995 and 1996 in the Unite...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/153.4.332
更新日期:2001-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The Baltimore-Washington Infant Study, a case-control study of congenital heart defects in liveborn infants conducted in 1981--1989, interviewed parents about a wide range of environmental exposures that occurred during and before the pregnancy. In the period 1987--1989, the questionnaire was expanded to include a det...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/153.6.529
更新日期:2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The authors evaluated whether early enrollment affects the significance of the results and the time to completion and publication of randomized controlled trials. Seventy-seven efficacy randomized controlled trials (total enrollment, 28,992 patients) initiated by the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Clinical Trials ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/154.9.873
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00