Abstract:
CONTEXT:Osteoporosis is a common and costly disease that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of direct evidence supporting the benefits of bone mineral density (BMD) screening on osteoporosis outcomes. However, there is indirect evidence to support screening for osteoporosis given the availability of medications with good antifracture efficacy. This paper addresses the position of the American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM) on osteoporosis screening. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION:The medical literature was reviewed for studies examining the benefits and harms of osteoporosis screening. An overview is also provided of available modalities for osteoporosis screening, risk-assessment tools, cost effectiveness, benefits and harms of screening, rationale for the study, and recommendations from leading health organizations and ACPM. A review was done of English language articles published prior to September 2008 that were retrieved via search on PubMed, from references from pertinent review or landmark articles, and from websites of leading health organizations. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS:There were no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of osteoporosis screening on fracture outcomes. However, there was one observational study that demonstrated reduced fracture incidence among recipients of BMD testing. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry is currently one of the most widely accepted and utilized methods for assessing BMD. Other potential tests for detecting osteoporosis include quantitative ultrasound, quantitative computer tomography, and biochemical markers of bone turnover. Testing via BMD is a cost-effective method for detecting osteoporosis in both men and women. Osteoporosis risk-assessment tools such as the WHO fracture-risk algorithm are useful supplements to BMD assessments as they provide estimates of absolute fracture risks. They can also be used with or without BMD testing to assist healthcare providers and patients in making decisions regarding osteoporosis treatments. CONCLUSIONS:All adult patients aged >or=50 years should be evaluated for risk factors for osteoporosis. Screening with BMD testing for osteoporosis is recommended in women aged >or=65 years and in men aged >or=70 years. Younger postmenopausal women and men aged 50-69 years should undergo screening if they have at least one major or two minor risk factors for osteoporosis. It is also recommended that clinicians consider using an osteoporosis risk-assessment tool to evaluate absolute fracture risk to determine appropriate osteoporosis therapies.
journal_name
Am J Prev Medjournal_title
American journal of preventive medicineauthors
Lim LS,Hoeksema LJ,Sherin K,ACPM Prevention Practice Committee.doi
10.1016/j.amepre.2009.01.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-04-01 00:00:00pages
366-75issue
4eissn
0749-3797issn
1873-2607pii
S0749-3797(09)00022-1journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章,实务指引,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Cancer survivors are more vulnerable to future cancers than individuals without cancer. As such, it is important to understand whether survivors are engaging in cancer screenings. METHODS:The screening practices reported in response to the 2000 Health Interview Survey of 2151 individuals with cancer were ex...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.01.005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Public health research on cancer and socioeconomic status (SES) has shown that higher SES is related to greater access to services. Using neighborhood-level measures of SES, we test hypotheses related to stage of breast and cervical cancer diagnosis. METHODS:SEER data on women diagnosed with breast or cer...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The English medical literature for the past decade lacks any reports on Papanicolaou (Pap) test status among inner-city adolescent girls. Our objectives were (1) to assess the pattern of Pap test status among inner-city adolescent girls and (2) to ascertain the association of the Pap test status with their k...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Vaccination can decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by influenza, yet vaccination rates remain low, especially among minority groups. Previous studies have found that important barriers to vaccination include the fear of adverse reactions and concern that the vaccine causes influenza. BACKGROUND:This r...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.01.025
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health promotion programs can be effective in improving the delivery of clinical preventive services and in improving population health; however, the availability of health promotion programs offered through physician organizations, such as medical groups and independent practice associations, are largely un...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2003.12.012
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Exposure to violence victimization may help explain disparities of substance use among gender-nonconforming youth (i.e., those whose gender expression differs from societal expectations). METHODS:In 2015, three large urban school districts (2 in California and 1 in Florida) conducted a Youth Risk Behavior...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.12.021
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Richmond Youth Against Violence Project teaches middle school students in the Richmond Public Schools knowledge, attitudes, and skills for reducing their involvement in violence. These students are primarily African Americans, many of whom come from low-income, single-parent households in neighborhoods with high r...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prior economic analyses have reached disparate conclusions about whether vaccinating adults against pertussis would be cost effective. Newly available data on pertussis incidence were used to evaluate the cost effectiveness of one-time adult vaccination and adult vaccination with decennial boosters. METHODS...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.10.016
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Firearm violence injures or kills 100,000 Americans each year. This paper applies the Host-Agent-Vector-Environment model to this issue. Research on firearm violence tends to focus on two elements-the host (i.e., victims of firearm violence) and the environment (i.e., gun policies)-but little attention has...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.05.002
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper defines the appropriation and resource allocation structure of federal government programs that deliver vaccines to the public through state and local governments, with a special focus on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Section 317 program. The paper places these programs in the context...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(00)00206-3
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of enrollment in a community-based public health nursing program, Communities Caring for Children (CCC), on infant immunization rates in rural Minnesota. The program involved health education, a registry, and a reminder system. DESIGN:The evaluation was a...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00144-5
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prior national surveys capture smoking behaviors of the aggregated U.S. Hispanic/Latino population, possibly obscuring subgroup variation. PURPOSE:To describe cigarette use among Hispanic/Latino adults across subgroups of age, gender, national background, SES, birthplace, and degree of acculturation to the ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.01.014
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Restaurant food is widely consumed by children and is associated with poor diet quality. Although many restaurants have made voluntary commitments to improve the nutritional quality of children's menus, it is unclear whether this has led to meaningful changes. METHODS:Nutrients in children's menu items (n...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.11.007
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To reduce disparities in breast and cervical cancer in the U.S., it is essential that programs such as CDC's National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) use evidence-based strategies. Recommendations for interventions to increase breast and cervical cancer screening have been dissem...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.11.001
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Population-wide sodium reduction strategies aim to reduce the cardiovascular burden of excess dietary sodium. Lowering sodium in packaged foods, which contribute the most dietary sodium, is an important intervention to lower population intakes. PURPOSE:To determine sodium levels in Canadian packaged foods a...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.01.012
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recently, suicide exceeded motor vehicle crashes as the leading cause of injury death in the U.S. However, details of this change in suicide methods and the relationship to individual demographics, such as age and societal influences, have not been reported. PURPOSE:To determine the characteristics of the c...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.010
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Public health advocates have increasingly highlighted the importance of implementing comprehensive physical activity interventions that use an ecologic framework. Such a framework can broadly address physical activity barriers, such as the lack of opportunities, social support, policies, built environments, and commun...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.027
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Following the 2014 expansions of Medicaid and private health insurance through the Affordable Care Act, municipal sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics-which have historically served predominantly uninsured patients-have been threatened with budget cuts nationwide. This study was conducted to evaluate...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.04.016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Suicide prevention remains a national priority, especially among vulnerable populations. With increasing trends in suicide among Veterans, understanding the underlying factors associated with such an outcome is imperative. In this study, the association between unmet mental healthcare need and suicidal ide...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.015
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple microcomputer system has been developed using off-the-shelf components. The system permits local access, in an acceptable time frame, to several years of New Jersey multiple cause of death data (approximately 70,000 records per calendar year). This report describes the system, including hardware, software, da...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Reproductive rights policies can potentially support or inhibit individuals' abilities to attain the highest standard of reproductive and sexual health; however, research is limited on how broader social policies may differentially impact women of color and immigrants in the U.S. This study examines the as...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2020.07.025
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether the source and emphasis of mailed messages about skin cancer would differentially activate patients to initiate skin cancer prevention by calling a toll-free number. METHODS:We mailed a questionnaire to 981 randomly selected patients of a large medical group to assess their concern a...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The effectiveness of low-cost smoking interventions targeted to pregnant women has been demonstrated, although few gains in absolute cessation rates have been reported in the past decade. Under conditions of typical clinical practice, this study examined whether outcomes achieved with brief counseling from...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00071-9
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reported family medical history may be the most widely accessible genomics screen currently available. The worth of any population-screening tool may be measured by parameters such as sensitivity and specificity. There is some evidence and theory suggesting that family history of breast cancer may be more fr...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.05.002
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A substantial challenge in addressing adolescent tobacco use is that smoking behaviors occur in complex environments that involve the school setting and larger community context. PURPOSE:This study provides an integrated description of factors from the school and community environment that affect youth smok...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.08.019
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Current physical activity levels of youth are alarmingly low. One way to promote higher levels of physical activity to youth is through school-based government policies. The current review examines evaluation of school-based physical activity policies for youth over the past 10 years. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION:Arti...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.08.022
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Children with chronic conditions have an increased risk of complications from influenza and have low influenza vaccination rates. PURPOSE:To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of using a statewide immunization information system (IIS) for seasonal influenza vaccine reminders from local health departme...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.028
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that women are at greater risk than men for sports and training injuries. This study investigated the association between gender and risk of exercise-related injuries among Army basic trainees while controlling for physical fitness and demographics. METHODS:Eight hundred and sixty-one traine...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00173-7
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There are known racial differences in cardiovascular health behaviors, including smoking, physical activity, and diet quality. A better understanding of these differences may help identify intervention targets for reducing cardiovascular disease disparities. This study examined whether socioeconomic, psych...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.03.017
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brain health may be affected by modifiable lifestyle factors; consuming fish and antioxidative omega-3 fatty acids may reduce brain structural abnormality risk. PURPOSE:To determine whether dietary fish consumption is related to brain structural integrity among cognitively normal elders. METHODS:Data were ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.037
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00