Introduction to Special Issue on Ocular Pathology and Drug Development.

abstract：:The evaluation of neurotoxic damage involves a unique set of challenges. Vulnerable structures, such as neocortex, hippocampus, spinal cord, and peripheral nerve are complex and sharply differentiated; deficits can result from insults to one or more element(s) in the system (e.g., myelin, axon, soma, synapse, or glia)...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Arezzo JC,Litwak MS,Zotova EG

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) are metabolites of the industrial solvent and environmental contaminant trichloroethylene (TCE), as well as contaminants of chlorinated drinking water. Human exposure to these chemicals is of concern as all three have been shown to increase liver tumor incidence...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Latendresse JR,Pereira MA

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of specific cytokeratin (CK) polypeptide patterns is a sensitive marker of the cytoskeletal differentiation of epithelial cells. We developed an immunohistochemical method to assess CK expression patterns in the rat respiratory tract using serial paraffin-embedded sections from the nasal cavity, trachea...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Schlage WK,Bülles H,Friedrichs D,Kuhn M,Teredesai A,Terpstra PM

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interrelationships among induction of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1/2, decrease in connexin 32 (Cx32), and liver tumor-promoting activity by beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) in the promotion stage were examined in a 2-stage liver carcinogenesis model. A total of 20 male Fischer 344 rats were initiated with a single intraperiton...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Shoda T,Mitsumori K,Onodera H,Toyoda K,Uneyama C,Takada K,Hirose M

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past decade, laser capture microdissection (LCM) has grown as a tool for gene expression profiling of small numbers of cells from tumor samples and of specific cell populations in complex tissues. LCM can be used to study toxicant effects on selected cell populations within the testis at different stages of s...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Catlin NR,Huse SM,Boekelheide K

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pepsinogens are acid protease enzymes of pepsin usually found in gastric mucosa. In the present study, we demonstrated the presence of pepsinogen isozymes in male Syrian golden hamster lung tissues by a combined immunohistochemical and biochemical approach. Immunohistochemically, using rat pepsinogen 1 antibody, pepsi...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Imaida K,Furihata C,Tatematsu M,Yoon CH,Furukawa F,Uneyama C,Takahashi M,Ito N,Hayashi Y

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An eosinophilic substance (ES) is usually observed in the mouse nasal septum. In contrast to textbooks and one report describing ES as amyloid, a previous study by the authors revealed that ES is not amyloid but consists of collagen and an amorphous material. Furthermore, it was suggested that the amorphous material w...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Doi T,Kokoshima H,Kanno T,Sato J,Wako Y,Tsuchitani M,Matsui T

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Repeated intraperitoneal injections of crocidolite asbestos fibers induced diffuse malignant mesotheliomas in mice. A series of mesothelial cell lines was isolated from mice at different stages in the development of these tumors. The cell lines isolated from mice with mesotheliomas recapitulated their growth pattern i...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Goodglick LA,Vaslet CA,Messier NJ,Kane AB

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Focal spontaneously occurring eosinophilic hypertrophic cells, histomorphologically resembling oncocytes and hepatocytes, were observed in the pancreas from 11 (0.3%) of 4,177 Sprague-Dawley rats, 3 to 26 months old. The age of these eleven rats ranged from 13 to 25 months. The incidence was not different between sexe...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Chiu T

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of the quinolone antibacterial agents pefloxacin (PFLX) and ofloxacin (OFLX) on the Achilles tendon of Sprague-Dawley rats. A single oral administration of PFLX 300 and 900 mg/kg or OFLX 900 mg/kg induced edema with mononuclear cell infiltration mainly in the inner sheath of the inner Achilles ...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Kato M,Takada S,Kashida Y,Nomura M

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GJA1 gene (Connexin43, also known as Cx43) is the most abundant gap junction protein isoform in animal cells and is associated with bone development in embryos. The objective of the present work was to evaluate in vivo osteal development in GJA1-deficient fetal mice through determination of the histological and molecu...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Chaible LM,Sanches DS,Cogliati B,Mennecier G,Dagli ML

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxymetholone has been identified as a suspected nongenotoxic carcinogen and has recently completed testing in a conventional National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2-yr rodent bioassay program. As a synthetic androgen with a limited historical database in toxicology, oxymetholone is an ideal candidate for prospective exami...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Stoll RE,Holden HE,Barthel CH,Blanchard KT

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A compendium of carcinogenesis bioassay results organized by target organ is presented for 738 chemicals that are carcinogenic in chronic-exposure, long-term bioassays in at least 1 species. This compendium is based primarily on experiments in rats or mice; results in hamsters, monkeys, and dogs are also reported. The...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Gold LS,Manley NB,Slone TH,Ward JM

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Slc:Wistar male rats treated with human natural tumor necrosis factor alpha (hn TNF-alpha, 3 X 10(5) Japan reference units/kg intravenously) for 3 months showed histologic vacuolation of basophils in the anterior pituitary, hyperplasia of the thyroidal follicular epithelium, and hyperplasia of the testicular interstit...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Kakinuma C,Hamada Y,Futamura Y,Kuwayama C,Shimoi A,Shibutani Y

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital anomalies of the alimentary tract are rare lesions in laboratory animals. We describe a congenital cyst attached to the greater curvature of the forestomach in a B6C3F1 mouse. The inner surface of the cyst was mostly covered with cuboidal or pseudostratified ciliated epithelium and was focally covered with ...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Miyajima R,Kihara T,Hosoi M,Yamamoto S,Mikami S,Yamakawa S,Iwata H,Enomoto M

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rat liver foci bioassay (RLFB) based on an initiation-promotion protocol employing preneoplastic foci of altered hepatocytes (FAH) as an endpoint, was prevalidated in 5 different laboratories. FAH were identified by immunohistochemical demonstration of glutathione-S-transferase (placental form, GSTP) and by staining...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Ittrich C,Deml E,Oesterle D,Küttler K,Mellert W,Brendler-Schwaab S,Enzmann H,Schladt L,Bannasch P,Haertel T,Mönnikes O,Schwarz M,Kopp-Schneider A

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In carcinogenicity studies with PPAR gamma and alpha/gamma agonists, urinary bladder tumors have been reported in Harlan Sprague-Dawley (HSD) and Charles River Sprague-Dawley (SD) but not Wistar (WI) rats, with urolithiasis purported to be the inciting event. In two 3-month studies, the authors investigated strain-rel...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Tannehill-Gregg SH,Dominick MA,Reisinger AJ,Moehlenkamp JD,Waites CR,Stock DA,Sanderson TP,Cohen SM,Arnold LL,Schilling BE

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microcystin-LR (MCLR) is an acute hepatotoxicant and suspected carcinogen. Previous chronic studies have individually described hepatic morphologic changes, or alterations in the cytoskeleton, cell signaling or redox pathways. The objective of this study was to characterize chronic effects of MCLR in wild-type mice ut...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Clark SP,Davis MA,Ryan TP,Searfoss GH,Hooser SB

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In standard toxicity studies, the cardiac conduction tissue is not systematically sampled and examined for histopathological changes. Most methods described use serial sectioning perpendicular to the long axis of the sinoauricular node (SAN) and atrioventricular node (AVN). Dozens of slides are needed to allow examina...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Palate BM,Denoël SR,Roba JL

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This is a survey of the results of recent investigations on gastrointestinal (GI) peptide hormones. In addition to the classical GI hormones (secretin, gastrin, and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ], there are at least nine other peptides whose structures and GI effects are known. These include vasoactive intestin...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Tansy MF,Kendall FM

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), flame-retardant components, was characterized in offspring from Wistar Han dams exposed by gavage to a PBDE mixture (DE71) starting at gestation day 6 and continuing to weaning on postnatal day (PND) 21. Offspring from the dams underwent PBDE direct dosing by gav...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Dunnick JK,Brix A,Cunny H,Vallant M,Shockley KR

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of the herbicide Diuron in a two-stage rat medium-term mammary carcinogenesis model initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Female seven-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were allocated to six groups: groups G1 to G4 received intragastrically (i.g.) a...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Grassi TF,Rodrigues MA,de Camargo JL,Barbisan LF

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidant generation catalyzed by metals has been postulated to account for a lung injury following exposure to air pollution particles. In particles that are predominantly carbonaceous, it is difficult to implicate such an oxidative stress as the responsible mechanism, since concentrations of metals can be extremely lo...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Ghio AJ,Richards JH,Carter JD,Madden MC

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objectives of this session were to explore causes of variability in clinical pathology data due to preanalytical and analytical variables as well as study design and other procedures that occur in toxicity testing studies. The presenters highlighted challenges associated with such variability in differentiating te...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Tripathi NK,Everds NE,Schultze AE,Irizarry AR,Hall RL,Provencher A,Aulbach A

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ISIS 2302 is a phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide with a sequence complementary to the mRNA of human intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Hybridization of ISIS 2302 to the mRNA inhibits expression of the ICAM-1 protein in response to inflammatory stimuli. A murine active antisense oligonucleotide, ISIS 3082,...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Henry SP,Templin MV,Gillett N,Rojko J,Levin AA

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole mount enzyme histochemistry to localize lacZ-bearing transgenes (lacZ-WMH) also detects endogenous beta-galactosidases. The experiments reported here evaluated lacZ-WMH as a potential tool for transgene expression analysis during high-throughput rodent necropsies. A lacZ-WMH survey of organs from adult, wild-typ...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Bolon B

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many goitrogenic xenobiotics that increase the incidence of thyroid tumors in rodents exert a direct effect on the thyroid gland to disrupt one of several possible steps in the biosynthesis, secretion, and metabolism of thyroid hormones. This includes (a) inhibition of the iodine trapping mechanism, (b) blockage of or...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Capen CC

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete evaluation of the toxicity of a new chemical entity requires critical analysis of the pattern of positive and negative findings in all types of toxicity tests, pharmacokinetics and metabolism in the species examined, and correlation of the effects with information about its pharmacodynamic and pharmacological...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Dayan AD

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Historical control tumor data are useful in the interpretation of long-term rodent carcinogenicity bioassays, especially to assess the occurrence of rare tumors and marginally increased tumor incidences. The major prerequisites to compare historical control data with studies under evaluation are the validity and consi...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Deschl U,Kittel B,Rittinghausen S,Morawietz G,Kohler M,Mohr U,Keenan C

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has affected business on numerous fronts in unprecedented and abrupt ways. From site closures and local "stay-at-home orders" to travel advisories and restrictions, the day-to-day practice of toxicologic pathology has been impacted dramatically and rapidly. A critical function of ...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Hukkanen RR,Irizarry A,Fikes JD,Schafer KA,Boyle MH

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00