Abstract:
:In a cross-over study of six healthy male volunteers, 500 mg theophylline was administered either as plain tablets or in a sustained release preparation. On each occasion 2 g of non-enteric coated sulphasalazine was administered simultaneously as the time of appearance of sulphapyridine, the product of hydrolysis, in the blood provides an approximation of the oral--caecal transit time. The mean fraction absorbed--time profile was calculated from serial serum concentration measurements of theophylline by a modification of the Wagner-Nelson equation. The mean cumulative fraction of the dose absorbed following administration of the plain tablets was maximal at 3 h i.e. approximately 3 h ahead of the mean oral-caecal transit time, which was 5.9 h. Thus complete absorption occurred in the small intestine. With the sustained--release formulation, approximately only half of the dose was absorbed at the time the medication reached the large bowel i.e. at about 5.4 h. Absorption continued and at least 38% of the administered dose was additionally absorbed over the next 25 h. A reliable lengthened dosage interval is therefore possible with this particular sustained--release formulation.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Sommers DK,Meyer EC,van Wyk M,Moncrieff Jdoi
10.1007/BF00265979subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
171-3issue
2eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041journal_volume
38pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::The binding equilibria of warfarin and phenprocoumon with defatted human serum albumin were studied by equilibrium dialysis in 33 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, 37 degrees C. The binding isotherms for both ligands were consistent with binding to two similar and independent sites in the albumin molecule. The bindi...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00315474
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the duration of the antihypertensive effect of the dihydropiridine calcium antagonist felodipine in conventional (C-F) and slow-release (ER-F) formulations, 12 patients with essential hypertension underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) at the end of a 2-week treatment period with C-F 5 mg b.d....
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00562543
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 12 patients undergoing coloscopy, 0.5 mg digoxin in aqueous alcoholic solution was injected into the transverse colon. The late maximum of the blood level curve at about 2 hours after the administration suggested delayed absorption of the glycoside. However, the 24 hour urinary excretion of 17 +/- 3.4% in 8 patient...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00614003
更新日期:1975-12-19 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess, with all available trial information, whether the assessment of the PRECIS-2 nine domains could provide a clear distinction between medicine masked pragmatic randomized controlled trials (pRCTs) and open-label pRCTs. METHODS:A search was conducted of participant-level pRCTs on medicines published on...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-020-03030-8
更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Serotonin receptor 1B (HTR1B) is involved in the regulation of the serotonin system, playing different roles in specific areas of the brain. We review the characteristics of the gene coding for HTR1B, its product and the functional role of HTR1B in the neural networks involved in motivation and memory; the cent...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00228-009-0724-6
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aims of this study were to characterise the population pharmacokinetics of oxypurinol in patients receiving haemodialysis and to compare oxypurinol exposure in dialysis and non-dialysis patients. METHODS:Oxypurinol plasma concentrations from 6 gout people receiving haemodialysis and 19 people with gout not...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-016-2133-y
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Iatrogenesis is common in elderly patients. This phenomenon could be reduced by improving awareness of general practitioners (GPs). We studied GPs' prescribing behavior to elderly patients, to identify GP and patient characteristics related to cautious prescribing behaviors. METHODS:The observational study ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-006-0125-z
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonin (5-HT) stimulates prolactin release. In the present study the ability of dexfenfluramine to increase serum prolactin was used as an index of central 5-HT function after acute and chronic pretreatment of volunteers with fluoxetine. Following a single-blind, random design, on each experimental day each volunte...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00191908
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Although CYP3A4/5 enzymes play the predominant role in the metabolism of simvastatin and lovastatin, polymorphisms in CYP2D6 were reported to be associated with the cholesterol-lowering effect and/or tolerability of simvastatin. This study was performed to examine whether common CYP2D6 polymorphisms affect the ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-011-1202-5
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute effect of a single oral dose of isradipine 5 mg on blood pressure, renal haemodynamics, electrolyte excretion and plasma renin activity was studied in 10 healthy males. Isradipine did not produce a significant change in systolic or diastolic blood pressure, and glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00315405
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of a single dose of netilmicin (NM) was studied in 6 healthy volunteers. Elimination of the drug was followed in serum and urine for 24 h and 72 h, respectively. NM concentrations were measured with a modified radioenzymatic assay. A three compartment open model was employed to calculate the pharm...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00605631
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy and safety of almitrine bismesylate, a new respiratory stimulant, in patients with the hypoxaemic form of chronic respiratory insufficiency caused by chronic bronchitis and emphysema has been assessed. The multicentre trial of 12 weeks duration was double-blind and placebo controlled, with individual and ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00315025
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate if the ordinary use of a vaginal suppository containing miconazole results in systemic absorption that is sufficient to affect the activities of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, which are major drug- and steroid-metabolising enzymes. METHODS:In 20 healthy non-pregnant women aged 18-45 years, the serum concent...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-010-0906-2
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::(1) Plasma protein binding of salicylate was studied in 14 patients with cutaneous hepatic porphyria (CHP) and 11 normal subjects using ultrafiltration with centrifugation (membrane cones) and continuous ultrafiltrations. (2) Albumin and haemoglobin levels were significantly reduced in patients with CHP, and salicylat...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00716368
更新日期:1978-06-19 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between the incidence of hyperammonemia and changes in the prescribing of concomitant antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in patients receiving valproic acid. METHODS:We evaluated 40,363 plasma samples from 6009 epilepsy patients obtained from 2006 to 201...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-015-1939-3
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of acute introduction and withdrawal of trimeprazine (Vallergan), an antihistaminic phenothiazine derivative with known sedative effects, were investigated by a single blind polygraphic study in 8 healthy volunteers. A baseline placebo was given on Nights 1-3, followed either by 10 mg or 20 mg of the drug ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00606405
更新日期:1977-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::In an open, randomised, cross-over study we investigated the effect of a single 200 mg oral dose of entacapone, a novel catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of levodopa/carbidopa, and on the cardiovascular responses (blood pressure and pulse rate variation to standard s...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00315512
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A variety of diagnostic methods are available to validate the performance of population pharmacokinetic models. Internal validation, which applies these methods to the model building dataset and to additional data generated through Monte Carlo simulations, is often sufficient, but external validation, which req...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-020-03036-2
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Case report of a pharmacokinetic interaction between diltiazem and nortriptyline. METHODS:Determination of plasma nortriptyline concentrations by HPLC. Calculation of nortriptyline clearances and half-life by formulae used routinely in therapeutic drug monitoring. RESULTS:The average plasma concentration of...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00203789
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Bariatric surgery can influence the prevalence and incidence of comorbidities, as well as the pharmacokinetics of drugs. This might lead to changes in the use of drugs. This study aimed to assess the influence of bariatric surgery on the use of medication in patients before and after surgery, focusing on type, ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-015-1971-3
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to systematically review evidence regarding the association between regimen complexity and adherence. METHODS:Articles were searched in MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO and references of included studies. Search terms included medication regimen complexity, medication a...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00228-017-2315-2
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atropine-induced bradycardia is traditionally ascribed to central vagal stimulation, although bradycardia has also been observed after administration of quarternary amines. Pirezepine, a selective M1-antagonist, causes bradycardia in therapeutic doses for which a peripheral mechanism is postulated. This hypothesis has...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00558245
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Perhexiline is a prophylactic anti-ischaemic agent with weak calcium antagonist effect which has been increasingly utilised in the management of refractory angina. The metabolic clearance of perhexiline is modulated by CYP2D6 metaboliser status and stereoselectivity. The current study sought to (1) determine wh...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00228-015-1934-8
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of propafenone and 5-OH-propafenone and their relationship with the antiarrhythmic action and side effects have been studied in 10 patients with stable, frequent, premature ventricular beats (224-928 premature ventricular complexes/h). Observations were made after a single dose of propafenone 300 ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00614557
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our goal was to develop a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model that describes the fate of atracurium and its metabolite laudanosine as well as the time course of the neuromuscular block. The model was based on the consideration of mass balance of atracurium and was constructed by postulating an effect compartment lin...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00226335
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown that apparent nonlinearities in the pharmacokinetics of chloroquine and wide variability in reported kinetic values are possibly artefacts of experimental design. We have used simulated data based on linear equations to demonstrate that chloroquine kinetics may appear to be dose-dependent if samples are ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00541305
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Little is known about patient compliance with oral adjuvant chemotherapy. It is estimated to be poor especially in Japan, where it is still unusual for patients to be directly informed of their diagnosis of malignancy. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was measured in hair samples to assess patient exposure to 5-FU, and ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s002280050077
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The systemic effects of single and multiple doses of inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) and budesonide were examined in 24 healthy male volunteers (age range 18-29 years). The study was of an open, placebo-controlled, randomized, three-way crossover design. On each study day, multiple blood samples were taken over a ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00195931
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The systemic elimination of nicardipine has been studied by an initial oral administration of nicardipine followed 1.25 h later by intravenous injection of the deuterium-labelled molecule (D3 nicardipine). To check that intravenous kinetics was not modified by the oral administration, an i.v. injection of unlabelled n...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00558504
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacokinetic parameters of prazosin (t1/2, tmax, Cmax and AUC have been studied in 18 hypertensive patients with varying degrees of chronic renal failure (serum creatinine ranging from 1.6 to 11.4 mg/dl). An oral dose of 2 mg of prazosin was added to the preexisting antihypertensive medication. The degree of renal ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00981133
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00