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Yield of lumbar puncture among children who present with their first complex febrile seizure.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To assess the rate of acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) among children who present with their first complex febrile seizure (CFS). DESIGN AND METHODS:This study was a retrospective, cohort review of patients aged 6 to 60 months who were evaluated in a pediatric emergency department (ED) between 1995 and 2008 for their first CFS. Cases were identified by using a computerized text search followed by a manual chart review. Exclusion criteria included prior history of nonfebrile seizures, an immunocompromised state, an underlying illness associated with seizures or altered mental status, or trauma. Data extracted included age, gender, seizure features, the number of previous simple febrile seizures, temperature, a family history of seizures, findings on physical examination, laboratory and imaging study results, and ED diagnosis and disposition. RESULTS:We identified 526 patients. The median age was 17 months (interquartile range: 13-24), and 44% were female. Ninety patients (17%) had a previous history of simple febrile seizures. Of the patients, 340 (64%) had a lumbar puncture (LP). The patients' median white blood cell count during a CFS was 1 cell per microL (interquartile range: 1-2), and 14 patients had CSF pleocytosis (2.7% [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-4.5]). Three patients had ABM (0.9% [95% CI: 0.2-2.8]). Two had Streptococcus pneumoniae in a culture of their cerebrospinal fluid. Among these 2 patients, 1 was nonresponsive during presentation, and the other had a bulging fontanel and apnea. The third child appeared well; however, her blood culture grew S pneumoniae and failed the LP test. None of the patients for whom an LP was not attempted subsequently returned to the hospital with a diagnosis of ABM (0% [95% CI: 0, 0.9]). CONCLUSION:Few patients who experienced a CFS had ABM in the absence of other signs or symptoms.

journal_name

Pediatrics

journal_title

Pediatrics

authors

Kimia A,Ben-Joseph EP,Rudloe T,Capraro A,Sarco D,Hummel D,Johnston P,Harper MB

doi

10.1542/peds.2009-2741

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-07-01 00:00:00

pages

62-9

issue

eissn

0031-4005

issn

1098-4275

pii

peds.2009-2741

journal_volume

126

pub_type

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Yield of lumbar puncture among children who present with their first complex febrile seizure.