Effect of the menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptives on human papillomavirus detection in young, unscreened women.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To estimate the effect of the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use on the prevalence, incidence, and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV). METHODS:A longitudinal study was conducted among 2,065 women aged 18-29 years. The women returned a self-collected cervicovaginal sample and filled out a questionnaire. A total of 1,812 women participated at all three time points, month 0, month 6, and month 12. RESULTS:Low- and high-risk HPV prevalence at study entry was 8.9% and 11.8%, respectively. The annual incidence of low-risk HPV infections was 12.5% and the persistence was 2.0%. For high-risk HPV, the incidence and persistence was 12.1% and 4.5%, respectively. These results did not differ between OCP users and nonusers. A significant relationship between high-risk HPV detection and the timing of sampling was found when OCP users and nonusers were analyzed separately. In the second half of the menstrual cycle, high-risk HPV detection decreased in nonusers (P=.007) and increased in OCP users (P=.021). When women used OCPs continuously, high-risk HPV detection returned to the level of the first half of the menstrual cycle. CONCLUSION:High-risk HPV detection was significantly influenced by sample timing in the menstrual cycle when analyzed separately for OCP users and women with a natural menstrual cycle. This may have implications in the future, when high-risk HPV detection may become a primary screening tool in cervical cancer prevention. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:II.

journal_name

Obstet Gynecol

authors

Schmeink CE,Massuger LF,Lenselink CH,Quint WG,Melchers WJ,Bekkers RL

doi

10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181e238f0

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-07-01 00:00:00

pages

67-75

issue

1

eissn

0029-7844

issn

1873-233X

pii

00006250-201007000-00013

journal_volume

116

pub_type

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