Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an important risk factor for the global incidence and mortality of tuberculosis (TB) and has had a tremendous impact on the epidemiology and the control of the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the demographic, laboratory and clinical characteristics of HIV-positive TB cases in Canada as compared to HIV-negative cases. METHODS:TB cases reported to the Canadian TB Reporting System (CTBRS) from 1997 to 2006 were retrospectively reviewed and for those with known HIV serostatus, the distributions of age, sex, country of birth, smear and culture positivity, drug resistance, site of disease and treatment outcome were compared. RESULTS:2710 TB cases had a report of an HIV test with a 12.9% positivity rate. HIV-positive cases were more likely to be 30-44 years old, male, Canadian born non-Aboriginal or African born. Sputum and lymph node biopsies were significantly more likely to be smear-positive and sputum was more likely to be culture positive. Anti-TB drug resistant rates were similar, except for lower streptomycin resistance in new HIV-positive cases. HIV-positive cases were significantly more likely to present with miliary or central nervous system TB, to have multi-system disease, to have lower treatment success rates (66.4% versus 88.5%) and to have a 5.6 higher case-fatality rate. INTERPRETATION:HIV-positive cases have a different demographic profile, present with more advanced and severe forms of disease, have poorer treatment outcomes and higher mortality. All TB cases should be tested for HIV so as to offer appropriate case management and treatment.
journal_name
J Infect Public Healthjournal_title
Journal of infection and public healthauthors
Wang GJ,Phypers M,Ellis Edoi
10.1016/j.jiph.2009.07.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
112-9issue
3eissn
1876-0341issn
1876-035Xpii
S1876-0341(09)00054-9journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The human stomach is colonized by diverse bacterial species. The presence of non-Helicobacter pylori bacteria in urease-positive biopsies of individuals has been reported. Bacteria belonging to the Ochrobactrum genus have been documented in the human gastric niche. The co-occurrence of Ochrobactrum spp. with H. pylori...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2016.04.013
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the rate of device-associated healthcare-associated infections (DA-HAIs) at a respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) and in the pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) of member hospitals of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) in Egypt. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospect...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2012.07.002
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::HPV is the sexually transmitted agent most common among young people, like college students. The aim of study was to associate sexual behavior characteristics of women with HPV, detected in genital samples taken before the introduction of the HPV vaccine. Female students during 2001-2005 donated genital samples and th...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2017.08.014
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are an important cause of morbidity in the military setting. Respiratory viruses are the most frequently implicated pathogens, especially adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. We performed this study to investigate the role of factors such as obesity, cigarette...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2008.09.002
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the study was to determine the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of patients attended dental clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) regarding cross infections and infection control in dentistry. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 225 patients who attended the denta...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2016.06.002
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbial quality of the well water used as a drinking source in urban and rural households. METHODS:A total of 80 household well water samples were analyzed by the multiple fermentation tube method to determine the presumptive coliform count/most probable numb...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2012.03.004
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a case which highlights several areas of concern relating to the prevention and management of varicella in Ireland. We review the pathophysiology of this virus and highlight its greater potential for morbidity in certain groups, most particularly adult males. The experience and opinions with regard to varic...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2010.07.001
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compares the factors, which influence individuals from the countries of China, Japan and South Korea to obtain any type of influenza vaccines and their perceived concerns about the new strain of the influenza - pandemic (H1N1) 2009. The data analyzed was from the East Asian Social Survey (EASS), Cross-Natio...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2016.06.004
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Today, because systemic infections such as urinary tract infection (UTI) affect even pediatric patients, antibiotic resistant bacteria have become a constant clinical challenge. In the present study, a total of 1054 urine samples were collected from pediatric patients over 18 months. From these samples, 510 isolates o...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2015.10.002
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Throughout the world multi drug resistant nosocomial infections are one of the leading causes of death and morbidity among hospitalized patients. Antimicrobial resistance [AMR] has become a major problem in treatment of such infections. High consumption of antimicrobials particularly in ICUs is often describ...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2019.03.014
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to form biofilm is considered to be a major virulence factor influencing its survival and persistence in both the environment and the host. Biofilm formation in S. aureus is most frequently associated with production of polysaccharide intercellular adhesion by ica operon-encoded en...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2017.01.004
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study focused on 77 isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis collected during 2009 to 2013 from healthy and sick chickens and environmental farm samples in Tunisia. Resistance to 14 antimicrobials and the encoding genes were analyzed. 66, 26, 6.5, 3.9 and 1.3% were pan-susceptible or showed resistance...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2017.01.012
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella osteomyelitis in immunocompetent adults is uncommon. It usually has a diaphyseal location or present as spondylitis. Metaphyseal affection is extremely rare. A 51-year-old male presented with refractory knee pain. Plain X-rays showed a rounded osteolytic lesion in the proximal tibia without marginal scleros...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2013.07.004
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Swine brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella suis. The study describes the occurrence of brucellosis in two organized piggeries in Southern India. METHODS:A total of 585 serum samples comprising 575 from pigs and 10 from animal handlers were collected and tested by serological tests and PCR. T...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2018.10.013
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurocysticercosis is a common parasitic infection in children in developing countries and neurological symptoms such as seizures are the most common manifestations. However, symptoms of encephalopathy are an unusual presentation in children. A 4-year-old boy presented with recurrent episodes of febrile encephalopathy...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2018.02.006
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSES:The objective of the study was to identify the trends and relations between antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antibiotic use in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Western China from 2014 to 2016. METHODS:A retrospective, descriptive analysis of AMR prevalence, and trends and relations between AMR and a...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2017.09.021
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Lymphadenopathy is a common medical problem. A lymph node biopsy may be necessary for definitive diagnosis in selected cases. METHODS:The study group included a retrospective, hospital-based series of patients who had a cervical lymph node biopsy at the Saudi Aramco Medical Services organizati...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2011.11.006
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the nursing effects of different CT angiography (CTA) technology-based nursing methods on patients with coronary artery heart diseases (CHD), CHD patients treated in Dongying People's Hospital were selected as the research objects and were divided into the control group and the observation group. Different co...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2019.06.023
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus lugdunensis produces a tannase with activity that may be associated with the onset of colon carcinoma. To clarify this feature of colon carcinoma-associated S. lugdunensis, we obtained isolates from healthy subjects and patients with colon adenomas and carcinomas and analyzed their genetic backgrounds. ...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2017.03.012
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Secondary bacteraemia infections (SBI) are poorly studied. We analyse the epidemiology of nosocomial SBI, potential risk factors and mortality of affected patients. METHODS:Prospective study of patients with bacteraemia from 2009 to 2014 in a tertiary hospital. For each SBI was recorded: primary source of in...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2018.08.011
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in children. Aim of this study was to describe CPE epidemiology in a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Italy that admits patients coming from geographic areas with high diffusion of CPE. METHODS:Prospective evaluation o...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2018.11.003
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging picture of hantavirus infection in the South America is characterized by greater proportion of childhood infection and wider spectrum of disease from mild asymptomatic to lethal cardiopulmonary disease. Barbados is endemic for dengue and leptospirosis, both of which share clinical features with hantavirus inf...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2015.06.004
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tubercular osteomyelitis of zygomatic bone is extremely rare. Here we have reported a rarest case of primary tuberculosis (TB) of zygomatic bone in a 20 year male who presented with discharging sinus over right zygomatic region. Anti-tubercular chemotherapy given and patient improved well. ...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2019.10.008
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Minas Gerais, Brazil, almost 500,000 dengue fever cases were reported to the State Surveillance System between November 2012 and July 2013. An analysis of the laboratory-confirmed cases revealed a higher age-specific incidence in adults and a higher case fatality rate in people aged ≥50. Dengue virus serotypes 1 an...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2014.07.016
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hand washing is widely accepted as the cornerstone of infection control in the intensive care unit (ICU). Nosocomial infections are frequently viewed as indicating poor compliance with hand washing guidelines. To determine the hand hygiene (HH) compliance rate among healthcare workers (HCWs) and its effect on the noso...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2012.09.014
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of the study was to determine the types, challenges and implications of surveillance methods for controlling Covid-19 pandemic. An integrative article review was done. The source of data were documents from WHO, Euro-surveillance, CDC, Saudi CDC, MOH, and journals from PubMed, Medline, etc. The inclusio...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.019
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Right-ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) endocarditis is a very rare presentation of right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE) by brucellosis. RSIE occurs most commonly in immune-suppressed cases and illicit drug abuser. The patients with RSIE and an incompetent immune system usually have a prosthetic foreign body in bl...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2016.09.010
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of our study was to describe the distribution of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in Italy, focusing on HIV-infected patients, to estimate the burden of the disease and the public health actions that should be undertaken. A review of official notifications and hospitalization data has been performed. From 2006 to 2...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2013.03.004
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Turkey, pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV) was introduced to the national immunization program as PCV7 in 2008, and was replaced with PCV13 in 2011. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of PCV13 on nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage (NPC) by determining the serotype distribution, an...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2019.10.009
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the observed incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in adult patients receiving either piperacillin-tazobactam (PT) and vancomycin or meropenem and vancomycin for at least 48h. In this retrospective cohort study, we included adult patients with no known renal dysfunction who r...
journal_title:Journal of infection and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2016.11.007
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00