Abstract：
:The objectives of the study was to determine the types, challenges and implications of surveillance methods for controlling Covid-19 pandemic. An integrative article review was done. The source of data were documents from WHO, Euro-surveillance, CDC, Saudi CDC, MOH, and journals from PubMed, Medline, etc. The inclusion searching criteria were surveillance, Covid-19, types, benefits and challenges, during the period 2005-2020. Published studies, reviews and guidelines that determined these criteria were collected. Data extraction and analysis were completed for all included articles. A critical appraisal was done based on the University of Michigan Practice Guideline's levels of evidence. The final sample for the integrative review comprised 30 studies. Results revealed that types of Covid-9 surveillance includes routine surveillance (comprehensive, case-based, and aggregated weakly methods), active, wildlife, syndromic, sentinel and sentinel-syndromic methods. Laboratory and hospital-based surveillance are another important types. Help-lines, surveys, participatory electronic, digital and event-based surveillance are relatively new cost-effective methods. Many surveillance indicators can be calculated. Timely and accurate of surveillance data is an essential element for effective Covid-19 interventions. Regarding challenges, the quality of surveillance in developing countries is constrained by resources and training. The main limitations of surveillance are under-ascertainment/under-reporting, lack of timeliness and completeness of surveillance data. In conclusion, surveillance is a cornerstones for controlling Covid-19 pandemic. Enhancing Covid-19 surveillance is vital for rapid cases detection, containing spread & ending pandemic.
journal_name
J Infect Public Healthjournal_title
Journal of infection and public healthauthors
Ibrahim NKdoi
10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-01 00:00:00pages
1630-1638issue
11eissn
1876-0341issn
1876-035Xpii
S1876-0341(20)30603-1journal_volume
13pub_type
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the rate of device-associated healthcare-associated infections (DA-HAIs) at a respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) and in the pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) of member hospitals of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) in Egypt. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospect...
journal_title：Journal of infection and public health
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