Abstract:
BACKGROUND:To determine the prevalence of carriage of respiratory bacterial pathogens, and the risk factors for and serotype distribution of pneumococcal carriage in an Australian Aboriginal population. METHODS:Surveys of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis were conducted among adults (≥16 years) and children (2 to 15 years) in four rural communities in 2002 and 2004. Infant seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7PCV) with booster 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine was introduced in 2001. Standard microbiological methods were used. RESULTS:At the time of the 2002 survey, 94% of eligible children had received catch-up pneumococcal vaccination. 324 adults (538 examinations) and 218 children (350 examinations) were enrolled. Pneumococcal carriage prevalence was 26% (95% CI, 22-30) among adults and 67% (95% CI, 62-72) among children. Carriage of non-typeable H. influenzae among adults and children was 23% (95% CI, 19-27) and 57% (95% CI, 52-63) respectively and for M. catarrhalis, 17% (95% CI, 14-21) and 74% (95% CI, 69-78) respectively. Adult pneumococcal carriage was associated with increasing age (p = 0.0005 test of trend), concurrent carriage of non-typeable H. influenzae (Odds ratio [OR] 6.74; 95% CI, 4.06-11.2) or M. catarrhalis (OR 3.27; 95% CI, 1.97-5.45), male sex (OR 2.21; 95% CI, 1.31-3.73), rhinorrhoea (OR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.05-2.64), and frequent exposure to outside fires (OR 6.89; 95% CI, 1.87-25.4). Among children, pneumococcal carriage was associated with decreasing age (p < 0.0001 test of trend), and carriage of non-typeable H. influenzae (OR 9.34; 95% CI, 4.71-18.5) or M. catarrhalis (OR 2.67; 95% CI, 1.34-5.33). Excluding an outbreak of serotype 1 in children, the percentages of serotypes included in 7, 10, and 13PCV were 23%, 23%, and 29% (adults) and 22%, 24%, and 40% (2-15 years). Dominance of serotype 16F, and persistent 19F and 6B carriage three years after initiation of 7PCV is noteworthy. CONCLUSIONS:Population-based carriage of S. pneumoniae, non-typeable H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis was high in this Australian Aboriginal population. Reducing smoke exposure may reduce pneumococcal carriage. The indirect effects of 10 or 13PCV, above those of 7PCV, among adults in this population may be limited.
journal_name
BMC Infect Disjournal_title
BMC infectious diseasesauthors
Mackenzie GA,Leach AJ,Carapetis JR,Fisher J,Morris PSdoi
10.1186/1471-2334-10-304subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-10-23 00:00:00pages
304issn
1471-2334pii
1471-2334-10-304journal_volume
10pub_type
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journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-03-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-311
更新日期:2012-11-20 00:00:00
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doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-240
更新日期:2013-05-24 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-25
更新日期:2013-01-22 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-12-03 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1956-6
更新日期:2016-10-28 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-03-11 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-09-13 00:00:00
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-10-23 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2756-3
更新日期:2017-10-02 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-09-14 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-11-19 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-12-06 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2014-01-14 00:00:00
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更新日期:2014-12-03 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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