Effects of 2,5-hexanedione on deefferented muscle spindle position sensitivity.

abstract：:Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant which has been reported to be nontoxic following acute exposure but has recently been shown to accumulate upon repeated exposure. To determine if this accumulation results in toxic effects, male Fischer 344 rats were treated with 50 micrograms/k...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Couture LA,Elwell MR,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1988-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of toxicokinetic (TK) data is becoming more prevalent in the evaluation of food ingredient safety as more TK information is being incorporated in safety data packages. Data demonstrating "1) the extent of absorption, 2) tissue distribution, 3) pathways and rates of metabolism, and 4) rate(s) of elimination" of...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kabadi SV,Zang Y,Fisher JW,Smith N,Whiteside C,Aungst J

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) and 7-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (7-OH-AAF) each produced a similar incidence of, as well as a qualitatively similar, abnormal closure of the anterior neuropore at similar concentrations when added to the medium of cultured rat embryos. At concentrations producing a 50-65% incidence of abnormal...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Stark KL,Harris C,Juchau MR

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to develop a biologically based dynamic model for predicting the distribution and elimination of methyl mercury and its metabolite, inorganic mercury, under a variety of exposure scenarios in rats. A model is proposed based on a multicompartment approach; each compartment represents an ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Carrier G,Brunet RC,Caza M,Bouchard M

更新日期：2001-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A negative regulatory element (NRE1; position -794 to -774) was previously identified that mediates the downregulation of CYP1A1, including partial suppression of Ah receptor-dependent induction. The CCAAT-box binding protein, nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y), is a component of one of two protein complexes that specifically an...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Poch MT,Al-Kassim L,Smolinski SM,Hines RN

更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nephrotoxicity limits the clinical application of cisplatin. Human organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (MATEs) work in concert in the elimination of cationic drugs such as cisplatin from the kidney. We hypothesized that co-administration of ondansetron would have an effec...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Li Q,Guo D,Dong Z,Zhang W,Zhang L,Huang SM,Polli JE,Shu Y

更新日期：2013-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In an earlier study, we exposed nine healthy volunteers to known concentrations of mercury (Hg) vapor in air (median 399; range 365-430 micrograms/m3) for 15 min during light physical exercise (50 W) (Sandborgh-Englund, G., et al., Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 150, 146-153, 1998). Exhaled air, urine, and plasma samples w...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Jonsson F,Sandborgh-Englund G,Johanson G

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge of ozone (O3) uptake in rats in integral to efforts to quantitatively extrapolate animal data to man. We have measured percentage O3 uptake in 30 adult Sprague-Dawley rats exposed, nose only, for 1 hr to 0.3, 0.6, or 1.0 ppm O3. Tidal volume and breathing rate measurements, obtained by plethysmography, were ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wiester MJ,Williams TB,King ME,Ménache MG,Miller FJ

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the current study C57BL/6J mice were injected intraperitoneally with Hg(2+) in the absence and presence of TCDD. After 6 and 24h the liver was harvested and the expression of Cyps was determined. In vitro, isolated hepatocytes were incubated with TCDD in the presence and absence of Hg(2+). At the in vivo level, Hg(...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Amara IE,Anwar-Mohamed A,Abdelhamid G,El-Kadi AO

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dantrolene is an effective antagonist of anesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia due to a poorly understood action on skeletal muscle. The present study examines whether the red blood cell can be used as a model to investigate the mechanism of dantrolene action. Halothane (4.7 mM) caused 9% hemolysis of red blood ce...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Fletcher JE,Kistler P,Rosenberg H,Michaux K

更新日期：1987-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) administration (600 mg/kg, po) results in proximal tubular necrosis in 18-hr fasted, 3-month-old male CD-1 mice. This study was undertaken to determine if deacetylation of APAP to p-aminophenol (PAP) is a prerequisite to nephrotoxicity in the mouse, as it is in the Fischer rat. Administration of e...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Emeigh Hart SG,Beierschmitt WP,Bartolone JB,Wyand DS,Khairallah EA,Cohen SD

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two members of the cytochrome P450 2A subfamily, CYP2A10 and 2A11, are abundant nasal enzymes previously characterized in rabbit olfactory microsomes. Rabbit CYP2A is active toward a number of nasal toxicants, including the rat nasal procarcinogen hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). While P450s immunochemically related to...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Thornton-Manning JR,Nikula KJ,Hotchkiss JA,Avila KJ,Rohrbacher KD,Ding X,Dahl AR

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The murine popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA) was examined as a preclinical assay with the potential to identify low-molecular-weight compounds (LMWCs) that are likely to be associated with immune-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHRs) in humans. We hypothesized that the contact sensitizer oxazolone (OX) woul...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gutting BW,Bouzahzah F,Kong PL,Updyke LW,Amacher DE,Craft J

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trimethyltin (TMT) is a neurotoxicant known to alter auditory function. The present study was designed to compare TMT-induced auditory dysfunction using behavioral, electrophysiological, and anatomical techniques. Adult male Long-Evans hooded rats (n = 9-12/group) were acutely exposed to saline, 3, 5, or 7 mg/kg TMT. ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Crofton KM,Dean KF,Ménache MG,Janssen R

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nutrient availability is one of the major non-genetic factors determining embryonic growth and larval or fetal size. Due to the high human consumption of blood lipid regulators, fibrates have recently been reported as pollutants in rivers. Our study investigated the developmental toxicity of fibrates in zebrafish. Tre...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Raldúa D,André M,Babin PJ

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cDNA sequences for two dioxin-inducible cytochrome P450s in chicken, CYP1A4 and CYP1A5, have recently been reported which correspond to two dioxin-inducible forms of P450 previously designated as TCDDAHH and TCDDAA, respectively. The developmental expression of CYP1A4-associated aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) h...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bentivegna CS,Ihnat MA,Baptiste NS,Hamilton JW

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung toxicity induced by sulfur mustard is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. To elucidate mechanisms mediating pulmonary damage, we used 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), a model sulfur mustard vesicant. Male mice (B6129) were treated intratracheally with CEES (3 or 6 mg/kg) or control. Animals were...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sunil VR,Patel-Vayas K,Shen J,Gow AJ,Laskin JD,Laskin DL

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A BLU:Ha newborn mouse lung adenoma bioassay was employed to compare the tumorigenicity of selected mononitroarenes and unsubstituted parent compounds 6 months after initial treatment. The presence of a nitro group had a variable effect upon compound potency in which tumorigenicity was increased, abolished, or unchang...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Busby WF Jr,Stevens EK,Martin CN,Chow FL,Garner RC

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is characterized by defects in insulin signaling. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathways, and its increased activity and expression are implicated in the pathogenesis of ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Liu ZQ,Liu T,Chen C,Li MY,Wang ZY,Chen RS,Wei GX,Wang XY,Luo DQ

更新日期：2015-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated that mice lacking a functional folate binding protein 2 gene (Folbp2-/-) were significantly more sensitive to in utero arsenic exposure than were the wild-type mice similarly exposed. When these mice were fed a folate-deficient diet, the embryotoxic effect of arsenate was further exa...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Spiegelstein O,Gould A,Wlodarczyk B,Tsie M,Lu X,Le C,Troen A,Selhub J,Piedrahita JA,Salbaum JM,Kappen C,Melnyk S,James J,Finnell RH

更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have a crucial role in protection against the toxic effects of lipophilic chemicals in the environment. UGTs such as UGT1A7, UGT1A8, and UGT1A10 are exclusively expressed in gastrointestinal tissues, each with a unique tissue distribution patter...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gregory PA,Lewinsky RH,Gardner-Stephen DA,Mackenzie PI

更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The results of a series of screening tests to determine the potential teratogenicity and neurotoxicity of developmental exposure to TBTO in rats are presented in this paper. For prenatal exposure, pregnant Long Evans rats were intubated with 0-16 mg/kg/day bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide TBTO from Days 6 to 20 of gestation (...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Crofton KM,Dean KF,Boncek VM,Rosen MB,Sheets LP,Chernoff N,Reiter LW

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of chemicals cause a nephrotoxic syndrome in male rats, referred to as protein droplet or alpha 2u-globulin (alpha 2u) nephropathy. To evaluate the potential human risk for developing a similar chemically-induced protein-mediated nephrotoxic response, the low-molecular-weight protein fraction (LMWPF) was isol...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Borghoff SJ,Lagarde WH

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a known toxicant and carcinogen. Worldwide arsenic exposure has become a threat to human health. The severity of arsenic toxicity is strongly correlated with the speed of arsenic metabolism (methylation) and clearance. Furthermore, oxidative stress is recognized as a major mechanism for arse...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wang H,Zhu J,Li L,Li Y,Lv H,Xu Y,Sun G,Pi J

更新日期：2017-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Defects in tryptophan metabolism on the l-kynurenine pathway (KP) are implicated in a number of human diseases, including chronic kidney disease, brain edema or injury, tuberculosis and malaria - as well as cancer, neurodegenerative and autoimmune disorders. However, it is unclear to what extent detrimental effects of...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Majewski M,Kasica N,Jakimiuk A,Podlasz P

更新日期：2018-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To provide insights into the mode of action for Ni3S2 lung carcinogenicity by examining gene expression changes in target cells after inhalation exposure. METHODS:Gene expression changes were determined in micro-dissected lung broncho-alveolar cells from Fischer 344 rats following inhalation of Ni3S2 at 0.0,...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Efremenko AY,Campbell JL Jr,Dodd DE,Oller AR,Clewell HJ 3rd

更新日期：2014-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Patulin is a mycotoxin mainly found in apple and apple products. In addition to being toxic for animals, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic, patulin induces intestinal injuries, including epithelial cell degeneration, inflammation, ulceration, and hemorrhages. In a study of the cellular mechanisms associated with...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mahfoud R,Maresca M,Garmy N,Fantini J

更新日期：2002-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that is found in various food and feed products. The molecular mechanisms that are associated with OTA hepatotoxicity and teratogenicity have not been extensively elucidated in a developing organism. In this study, the transcriptomic profile of zebrafish embryos indicates that hemosta...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wu TS,Lin YT,Huang YT,Cheng YC,Yu FY,Liu BH

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allergic airway diseases in children are a common and a growing health problem. Changes in the central nervous system (CNS) have been implicated in contributing to some of the symptoms. We hypothesized that airway allergic diseases are associated with altered histamine H3 receptor expression in the nucleus tractus sol...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sekizawa S,Bechtold AG,Tham RC,Kott KS,Hyde DM,Joad JP,Bonham AC

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy metals in the environment originate from both human activities and natural processes. Exposure to these metals can result in important changes to immune activity. Depending on the metal and dose, these changes can result in enhanced immune function, diminished immune responses, or altered responses that produce ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lynes MA,Fontenot AP,Lawrence DA,Rosenspire AJ,Pollard KM

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00