Abstract：
:This chapter provides an overview of diet-gene interaction and the role of dietary factors in human health and disease. Human master control genes that regulate processes of fundamental importance, such as cell proliferation and the immune response, are introduced and their modulation by nutraceuticals, produced by plants and photosynthetic microbes, is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids as regulators of master control genes. Furthermore, a case study is presented on xanthophylls, a group of carotenoids with multiple health benefits in the protection against eye disease and other chronic diseases, as well as the synergism between xanthophylls and other dietary factors. Lastly, dietary sources of the xanthophylls zeaxanthin and lutein are reviewed and their enhancement via genetic engineering is discussed.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Demmig-Adams B,Adams WW 3rddoi
10.1007/978-1-4419-7347-4_2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
17-26eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
698pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The effects of a single nutrient deficiency on immune function is now most extensively characterized using the dietary zinc deficient murine model. Deficiencies in zinc have rapid adverse effects on host defenses of humans and rodents. This impaired defense seems to be, in part, the result of a reduction in number of ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-0553-8_10
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, the studies reviewed here have indicated which neural functions might be directly influenced by the nucleus basalis. Basalis neurons do not appear to be directly involved in trial-specific memory because, in memory tasks, they have non-differential responses that do not correspond to the information being ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0145-6_12
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcriptional regulation is a pivotal process that confers cellular identity and modulates the biological activities within a cell. In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), the intricate interplay between transcription factors and their targets on the genomic template serves as building blocks for the transcriptional network...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-7037-4_6
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of prolactin and of estradiol and progesterone in the control of the biosynthetic and secretory activity of TIDA neurons has been investigated in the following animal models: young female rats, aged female rats, and young male rats. The indices of TIDA neuronal function employed were a) mass of TH in neurites...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5799-5_1
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The basis of the present investigation was the establishment of an oncogene-dependent, genetically determined two-stage carcinogenesis in vitro model as multicellular spheroids. Spheroid formation was achieved with four rat embryo fibroblast cell lines, two of which represent the first step of malignant transformation...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2468-7_47
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first step that precedes hematopoietic transplantation is elimination of pathological hematopoiesis by administration of myeloablative doses of radiochemotherapy. This eliminates hematolymphopoietic cells and at the same time damages hematopoietic microenvironment in bone marrow (BM). The damage of BM tissue leads...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-4118-2_15
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Congenital anomalies (CA) represent an important fraction of rare diseases, due to the critical role of non-genetic factors in their pathogenesis. CA are the main group of rare diseases in which primary prevention measures will have a beneficial impact. Indeed, since 2013 the European Union has endorsed a body of evid...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-67144-4_18
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Through the efforts of Correa, Cuello, Haenszel, Tannenbaum and others it was learned that the incidence of gastric cancer in certain areas of Narino (Colombia) was among the highest in the world. These areas of high risk for gastric cancer were adjacent to an area of substantially lower risk. Gastric biopsies from he...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9200-6_9
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) likely play a role in the hypoxic ventilatory response. We determined whether hypoxic responses were influenced by alterations in cellular redox status induced by reductions in superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) activity, a cytosolic anti-oxidant enzyme. Using whole-body, continuous-flow plet...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-73693-8_23
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the events surrounding the identification of the exosome complex and the subsequent early development of the field. Like many scientific discoveries, the initial identification and characterization ofthe exosome was based on a combination of skill, good fortune--and the availability of cutting edge technol...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe an investigation into how Massey University's Pollen Classifynder can accelerate the understanding of pollen and its role in nature. The Classifynder is an imaging microscopy system that can locate, image and classify slide based pollen samples. Given the laboriousness of purely manual image acquisition an...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-10984-8_12
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy is a catabolic process in eukaryotic cells that delivers cytoplasmic components and organelles to the lysosomes for digestion. It is thought that various environmental signaling pathways are somehow integrated with autophagy signaling, such as the lack of nutrients (amino acids or glucose or others), changes...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-15-0602-4_13
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the structure and function of muscle fibers in which tropomyosin stoichiometry has been reduced by genetic mutation. We used a Drosophila melanogaster flightless mutant Ifm(3)3 and a genetic cross of this mutant with wild type flies to achieve a gradation of tropomyosin gene dosage. We measured the fli...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2872-2_15
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The renal alterations induced by alkali-treated protein and lysinoalanine are reviewed and their biological implications discussed. Alkali-treated proteins and lysinoalanine, an unusual amino acid formed in proteins during alkali treatment, have been shown to produce a renal alteration characterized by nuclear and cyt...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-9113-6_2
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diffusion coefficients of cell membranes of pneumocytes plus endothelial cells, cytosol plus blood plasma, erythrocyte membranes, and hemoglobin solution in erythrocytes were estimated from the fluorometrically measured membrane viscosity. The time course of oxygen partial pressure distribution was numerically cal...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9510-6_7
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolic properties of cancer cells have been widely accepted as a hallmark of cancer for a number of years and have shown to be of critical importance in tumour development. It is generally accepted that tumour cells exhibit a more glycolytic phenotype than normal cells. In this study, we investigate the bioener...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-3023-4_32
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized histologically by necrotizing granulomatous angitis that most commonly involves the upper, lower respiratory tract and kidneys, but may affect any organ system. Otolaryngological manifestations are frequent and diverse but subglottic stenosis and tracheal stenosis are les...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-4546-9_28
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of any pancreatic islet isolation is obtaining pure, viable and functional pancreatic islets, either for in vitro or in vivo purposes. The islets of Langerhans are complex microorgans with the important role of regulating glucose homeostasis. Imbalances in glucose homeostasis lead to diabetes, which is defined...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-39824-2_3
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review summarizes key aspects of what has been learned about the physiology of pancreatic islets and leptin deficiency from studies in obese ob/ob mice. ob/ob Mice lack functional leptin. They are grossly overweight and hyperphagic particularly at young ages and develop severe insulin resistance with hyperglycemi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-90-481-3271-3_20
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations in structural and biochemical properties of muscles that underlie physiological parameters of contractile force, speed and fatigability are described under conditions of 1) overuse: imposed electrical stimulation, natural exercise and functional overload; 2) reinnervation of denervated muscles; and 3) unde...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lactoferrin promoter and the 5'-flanking region of both human and mouse were isolated from a genomic library constructed with lambda phage. A 2.0 kbp Sac I fragment of the human clone (HLF031a.30) and a 3.0 kbp Eco R I/Hinc II fragment of the mouse clone (mL14p9E) containing the lactoferrin promoter, 5'-flanking regio...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2548-6_18
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children, causes them considerable discomfort, as well as distress to parents and has a tendency to recur. Approximately 20% of those children who experience one infection will have a repeat episode. Since 1975, 11 trials of long-term antibiotics compared with placebo or no t...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-4726-9_18
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In hospitals, human milk is subjected to heat treatment to reduce risk of transmission of infectious agents such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, cytomegalovirus, and bacterial contamination, especially during feeding of banked milk to preterm infants. Fat losses due to heat treatment have been exte...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-1371-1_60
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skeletal muscle alpha-actin is the principal protein component of the adult skeletal muscle thin filament. The interaction between skeletal muscle alpha-actin and the various myosin heavy chain proteins in the different muscle fibre types generates the force of muscle contraction. Skeletal muscle alpha-alpha actin is ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-84847-1_2
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stem cell-based therapy has shown exciting efficacy in pre-clinical studies on different neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, no clinically applicable stem-cell-derived neurons are available to the patients with NDs. There exist some obstacles associated with stem cell therapy, which need to be overcome in futur...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-15-4370-8_10
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The benefits of a mouse model are efficiency and availability of transgenics/ knockouts. Quantitation of cerebral blood in small animals is difficult because the cannulation procedure may introduce errors. The [14C]-iodoantipyrine autoradiography (IAP) method requires both the tissue concentration and the time course ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/0-387-26206-7_14
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity and its co-morbidities as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases are major health problems worldwide. Several reports indicated that nutrient excess and metabolic syndrome are linked with altered immune response. Indeed, metabolic syndrome is characterized by insulin resistanc...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-07320-0_13
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous results have shown that alcohol has an effect on vision and on the excitability of retinal neurons. Action potentials of single ganglion cells were recorded by microelectrodes in opened and excised eyes from frogs (Rana temporaria L.). Histologically two types of synapses have been described in the retina: co...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9038-5_13
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibrin is a major component of atherosclerotic plaques, and there may also be situations in which intravascular fibrin is formed in contact with the endothelium. The studies to be presented describe the distribution of fibrinogen/fibrin I, fibrin II, and fragments D and D-dimer in normal vessels and atherosclerotic pl...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-3806-6_33
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the level of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) in the brain in newborn rats in the pre- and post-stroke periods, as well as the changes in cerebral blood flow and beta-arrestin-1 as a marker of hypoxic stress. Our results show that mild hypoxia precedes the stroke development and is associated with venous rela...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-38810-6_23
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
