Abstract：
:Previous results have shown that alcohol has an effect on vision and on the excitability of retinal neurons. Action potentials of single ganglion cells were recorded by microelectrodes in opened and excised eyes from frogs (Rana temporaria L.). Histologically two types of synapses have been described in the retina: conventional synapses and synapses with a ribbon or bar shaped component surrounded by a rather uniform layer of synaptic vesicles. The "ribbon synapses" are presynaptic contacts in receptor and bipolar cells while horizontal and amacrine cells have conventional synapses. Tests with ethanol doses up to 0.2% indicated stronger effects on the conventional synapses than on the ribbon synapses. Alcohol decreased or abolished the lateral inhibition ( inhibitory surround) mediated by the amacrine cells and depressed the signals from the green rods, which apparently are mediated by horizontal cells. Further alcohol decreased the sensitivity of the signals from the completely dark-adapted red rods in the retina, and increased the sensitivity of the cone-mediated responses for class 3 and deviating class 4 cells, when measured against a background light. Alcohol also increased the latency of the response up to 55 msec. depending on the size of the stimulus field.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Bäckström ACdoi
10.1007/978-1-4615-9038-5_13subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-01-01 00:00:00pages
187-208eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
85Bpub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Baroreflex is involved in the regulation of arterial blood pressure (BP). An increase in BP activates vagal inhibitory pathways to decrease heart rate; a concomitant decrease in sympathetic discharge reduces vascular resistance. Both responses reduce BP towards normal value. Conversely, a decrease in BP produces oppos...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-4584-1_25
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxygenation of a tumor is one of the most important predictive factors: hypoxia is associated with aggressive tumors and substantially lower survival rate. Despite this high relevance of tumor oxygenation, there is currently no bedside technique available to measure it in clinical routine care. The aim of this work is...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_26
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review discusses new developments in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy and its application to cellular receptors. The method is based on the kinetic theory of FRET, which can be used to predict FRET not only in dimers, but also higher order oligomers of donor and acceptor fluorophores. Models ba...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2018_297
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significantly lower concentrations of norepinephrine were observed in whole brain and hypothalamus of pups exposed to ethanol pre- and post-natally as compared to controls. Dopamine levels were found to be unaltered in whole brain compared to controls although hypothalamus and corpus striatum demonstrated a decreased ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-1419-7_75
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Addiction is marked by repeating a certain behavior while ignoring the potential physical or mental consequences. Non-substance addiction provides an ideal model for researching the emergence and development of addiction's basic mechanism. Comparative studies of substance and non-substance addiction are helpful to rev...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-5562-1_6
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selection of high-producing lead and backup cell lines with high-fidelity primary structure is a major goal of cell line development of protein therapeutics. Conventional techniques for sequence variant analysis, such as mass spectrometry (MS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) have limitations on the sample number ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-15950-4_12
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is among the major causes of toxicity due to interaction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) with cellular macromolecules and structures and interference with signal transduction pathways. The mitochondrial respiratory chain, specially from Complexes I and III, is considered the main origin of ROS partic...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-2869-1_5
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excessive oxidation and antioxidant imbalance resulting from several conditions may cause sperm DNA damage, which, in turn, affect male fertility, both natural and assisted. Sperm DNA damage transferred to the embryo might also affect the health of offspring. Several conditions associated with excessive oxidative stre...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-21664-1_8
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated, with use of a technique of feedback analysis, the dynamic changes in and around the renin-angiotensin system in vivo induced by ACE inhibition. Prolonged studies were performed over a half year on rabbits, which were treated by daily injections of saline or one of the inhibitors as follows: captopril,...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9543-4_27
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcutaneous PO2 measurements at 37 degrees C can recognize and quantify diabetic microangiopathy if suitable stimulation tests are used. The following parameters are of practical importance: resting PO2, postocclusive PO2, rubefacient-induced PO2 and 45 degrees C heating PO2. Patients with diabetic microangiopathy ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-1927-6_15
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antigen 43 (Ag43) is a prominent hetero-oligomeric protein complex in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli. It is composed of two subunits. alpha 43 (M(r) 60, 000) and beta 43 (M(r) 53, 000) in 1:1 stoichiometry. alpha 43 is surface expressed, extends beyond the O-side chains of smooth lipopolysaccharide and is boun...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-1828-4_56
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have reviewed the biologic characteristics, immune responses, and diverse array of diseases occurring from Epstein-Barr virus infections in immune deficient patients. We have summarized possible roles of the virus in the risk groups for AIDS. Data is convincing that EBV is responsible for some of the cases of lymph...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9430-7_5
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Class XVIII myosins represent a branch of the myosin family tree characterized by the presence of large N- and C-terminal extensions flanking a generic myosin core. These myosins display the highest sequence similarity to conventional class II muscle myosins and are compatible with but not restricted to myosin-2 contr...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-38062-5_19
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper develops an analysis of the interaction between circulatory convective and tissue diffusive O2 transport that explains how VO2 max is set by the integrated response to each and every step in the O2 transport chain from atmosphere to mitochondria. We suggest that it is not useful to search for "the" rate lim...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5481-9_22
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective activity of the water extract derived from Octopus vulgaris meat (OM). First of all, a water extract prepared from OM (OMW) showed the high extraction yield (48.22%) and the highest taurine content (39.84%) in free amino acids. OMW exhibited the high value of reducin...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_60
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of compression on the elementary steps of the cross-bridge cycle was investigated with the sinusoidal analysis technique and ATP hydrolysis rate measurement. The lattice spacing of rabbit psoas muscle fibers was osmotically compressed with a macromolecule, dextran T-500 (0-16%). The effects of MgATP, MgADP,...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2872-2_52
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of a newly developed, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device for monitoring hemodynamic changes during carotid artery stenting (CAS), as a means to detect filter obstruction due to distal embolism. We evaluated 16 patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis during the CAS...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-0620-8_43
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gyrate atrophy is an autosomal recessive dystrophy in which night blindness starts early in the first decade of life. In the early stages, large areas of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choriocapillaris (CC) atrophy in the far periphery (lobular shape, Fig. 37.1). (In choroideremia, atrophy appears in the mid per...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-95046-4_37
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diffusion coefficients of cell membranes of pneumocytes plus endothelial cells, cytosol plus blood plasma, erythrocyte membranes, and hemoglobin solution in erythrocytes were estimated from the fluorometrically measured membrane viscosity. The time course of oxygen partial pressure distribution was numerically cal...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9510-6_7
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anemia associated with malignancy is a common clinical problem, and has a negative effect on oxygen delivery and, therefore, response of tumors to radiotherapy. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to increase the hematocrit of rodents when administered subcutaneously. The objectives of this study were to measure tumor...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-1875-4_113
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the healthy retina, microglial cells represent a self-renewing population of innate immune cells, which constantly survey their microenvironment. Equipped with receptors, a microglial cell detects subtle cellular damage and rapidly responds with activation, migration, and increased phagocytic activity. While the in...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_27
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Notch signaling exerts multiple important functions in the hematopoietic system. Notch1-mediated signals are essential to induce the onset of definitive hematopoiesis within specialized domains of hemogenic endothelium in the fetal dorsal aorta. In contrast, Notch is dispensable for the subsequent maintenance of hemat...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-0899-4_6
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this chapter, we will emphasize the importance of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in controlling various physiological and pathological molecular mechanisms and discuss how the heparanase enzyme can modulate the effects triggered by HSPG. Additionally, we will also navigate about the existing knowledge of the ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-34521-1_36
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adverse effects of trace metals, heat, steam and other conditions encountered in food processing relate to the acceleration of development of rancidity. Measures to retard oxidation of lipids, vitamins, pigments and proteins include elimination of prooxidants, removal of oxygen and use of blends of inhibitors form...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-1925-0_16
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Total dietary fiber (TDF) values for cereal grains, fruits, vegetables, processed foods, and purified or semi-purified dietary fiber products were determined by a new method using 8M urea and enzymes (urea enzymatic dialysis, UED, method). The results are compared with the official AOAC procedure. Soluble and insolubl...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5784-1_28
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to assess bone mineral density, bone metabolism markers, and vitamin D level in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in the course of 1-year observation. Twenty five children with nephrotic syndrome aged 5-17 years were enrolled into the study. The median number of relapses was 6 (range...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2014_87
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A major challenge in proteomic biomarker discovery and validation for psychiatric diseases is the inherent biological complexity underlying these conditions. There are also many technical issues which hinder this process such as the lack of standardization in sampling, processing and storage of bio-samples in preclini...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-52479-5_9
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dry antibiotic development pipeline coupled with the emergence of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative 'superbugs' has driven the revival of the polymyxin lipopeptide antibiotics. Understanding the mode of action of antibiotics is an important precursor for optimizing their use and development. This chapter provides...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-16373-0_4
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscle force arises as the result of many myosin molecules, each producing a force discrete in magnitude and in time duration. In previous work we have developed a computer model and a mathematical model of many myosin molecules acting as an ensemble and demonstrated that the time duration over which myosin produces f...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-6366-6_4
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, intermittent, low dose methotrexate treatment is: 1.) antiinflammatory in the murine air pouch model of inflammation; 2.) selectively increases intracellular AICAR concentration; 3.) increases adenosine concentration in an inflammatory exudate; and, 4.) inhibits leukocyte accumulation at an inflamed site b...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2584-4_89
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
