Abstract:
:Despite the lack of adaptive immunity based on gene rearrangement such as that in higher vertebrates, flies are able to defend themselves from a wide array of pathogens using multiple innate immune responses whose molecular mechanisms are strikingly similar to those of the innate immune responses of other multicellular organisms, including humans. Invading pathogens passing through the epithelial barriers, the first line of self-defense, are detected by pattern recognition receptors that identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns in the hemolymph or on the immune cell surface and are eliminated by humoral and cellular responses. Some pathogens escape recognition and elimination in the hemolymphby invading the host cell cytoplasm. Some of these intracellular pathogens, however, such as Listeria monocytogenes, are identified by pattern recognition receptors in the cytoplasm and are eliminated by intracellular responses, including autophagy, an intracellular degradation system. Although some of these pattern recognition receptors are encoded in the germ-line as protein families, another type of receptor in the immunoglobulin-superfamily is extensively diversified by alternative splicing in somatic immune cells in Drosophila.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Kurata Sdoi
10.1007/978-1-4419-8059-5_11subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
205-17eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
708pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is an important mechanism by which localized flow of blood in small resistance pulmonary arteries is matched to alveolar ventilation. This chapter discusses the role of several potassium and calcium channels in HPV, both in enhancing calcium influx into smooth muscle cells (SMC...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::The mammalian genome is believed to contain some 30,000 to 40,000 different genes. Of these an estimated 42% have no known function. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) have been a powerful tool available for determining gene function in vivo. In the mammary gland, a variety of genetic engineering approaches ha...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
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更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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