When to worry about hypoglycemia.

abstract：:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a new and frightening epidemic. Epidemiology has clearly delineated the mechanisms of spread as sexual intercourse, transfer of blood, and vertical transfer from infected mother to newborn child. Although much remains to be answered about infection with the AIDS virus, pres...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Scutchfield FD,Benenson AS

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunization of infants and children is the most effective strategy for decreasing the incidence of some infectious diseases. Most invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae type b occurs before age 5 years, and routine vaccination of infants for hepatitis B is currently recommended because selective immunization ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Vetter RT,Johnson GM

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Part 1, which begins on page 64, discusses diagnosis of rheumatic disease by radiography. The most popular laboratory tests in rheumatic disease are nonspecific and include those based on the formation of autoantibodies. Rheumatoid factor assays actually are of little diagnostic help in rheumatoid arthritis, but antin...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Bluestone R

更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infective endocarditis refers to infection of the endocardium or heart valves by microbes, resulting in tissue destruction. Clinical presentation is quite variable, and a high level of suspicion is essential for recognition. Diagnosis is dependent on identification of the causative agent in blood cultures. Cultures th...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Nunley DL,Perlman PE

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tests to measure the volume of gastric contents are necessary to determine the nature of a gastric emptying disorder. The conditions that can affect gastric emptying are as varied as peptic ulcer disease, achlorhydria, viral and bacterial infections of the stomach, diabetes, scleroderma, anorexia nervosa, and CNS lesi...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： McCallum RW

更新日期：1987-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologic and clinical evidence clearly documents the relationship between elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). In order to reduce CHD risk, the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) has identified LDL-C goals that can be achieved through ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Eisenberg DA

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abdominal paracentesis is a useful and safe technique in the evaluation of ascites. The withdrawn ascitic fluid should be routinely analyzed for appearance, blood cell count, and amylase and total protein concentrations; examined cytologically; and cultured. Results should either substantiate the clinical diagnosis or...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Babb RR

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overactive bladder is a prevalent condition with bothersome symptoms that greatly impact health-related quality of life. Despite a multitude of treatment options, many patients go untreated or undertreated. This article addresses the contemporary management of overactive bladder, including behavioral and lifestyle mod...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Smith AL,Wein AJ

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The balloon-tipped thermodilution catheter (BTTC) is an expensive, labor-intensive technology that has moderate risks. The sensitivity and specificity of the three principal tests that it can perform have not yet been well defined for different patient groups. The BTTC allows the acquisition of mixed venous blood, fro...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Desbiens NA

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Management of pain syndromes clearly requires a multidimensional approach and involves social, psychologic, and somatic factors. At the Behavioral Medicine/Pain Therapy Center of Jewish Hospital, St Louis, most patients significantly increase social and physical activity using the combined approach outlined. A majorit...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Bakris GL,Zorumski CF

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Food and Drug Administration's approval of the excimer laser in 1995 heralded the age of laser refractive surgery in the United States. Since then, other advances in refractive surgery have spurred great public interest in and enthusiasm for these procedures. In this article, the authors review the major types of ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Chaudhry IM,Conti ER,Steinert RF

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preview Manifestations of thyroid dysfunction may be totally misleading in severely ill and elderly patients, often confounding clinical diagnosis. To prevent undue morbidity and mortality in these patients, appropriate selection and accurate interpretation of thyroid function tests are crucial. In this article, Dr Is...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Isley WL

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many controversies, only a few of which have been discussed here, are now raging in the field of resuscitation. Much is expected to change in the next five to ten years. The American Heart Association is now considering changes for its new advanced cardiac life support course, which should be ready this year. The cour...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Hankins DG

更新日期：1986-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Preview Although headaches in elderly patients are usually benign, they are common and some can be life-threatening. Precise diagnosis is imperative for optimum pain management and early detection of underlying organic disorders. Dr Ruoff discusses the primary types of benign headache, current diagnostic criteria, and...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Ruoff GE

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Septic shock is a multisystem disorder that represents the host's response to microbial invasion in its most fulminant form. One of the critical defects is a widespread inability to use available substrate for energy production. Endogenous mediators, particularly the cytokines, appear to play an essential role in this...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： DePriest JL

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent resurgence of rheumatic fever reported in eight locations in the United States after years of decline has several noteworthy characteristics. Most patients were children of families in high- to middle-income brackets with ready access to medical care. In four of the outbreaks, the majority of patients were ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Ayoub EM

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluoroquinolone-resistant variants of pandemic clones Spain(23F)-1, Spain(6B)-2, Spain(9V)-3, and Spain(14)-5 have been seen in various regions of the United States and the world, leading to the speculation that fluoroquinolone resistance among US Streptococcus pneumoniae may increase because of clonal spread. Using l...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Davies TA,Yee YC,Goldschmidt R,Sahm DF,Evangelista AT

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinicians are often perplexed by patients with bacterial infection who are not responding to oral antibiotic therapy. Since most of the commonly used antibiotics are excreted in the urine, inhibitory activity of urine against susceptible organisms can be used as a measure of patient compliance. To assess the reliabil...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Kumar A,Nankervis GA

更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The many types of pigmentation disorders may present in diverse forms and distributions and have various causes. They can be inherited (eg, vitiligo, familial periorbital hyperpigmentation), acquired (eg, postinflammatory pityriasis alba, idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis, Becker's nevus, melasma), infectious (eg, tine...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Hacker SM

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nearly every healthcare reform plan introduced in Congress this year addresses medical malpractice. Although the tort reform goals in the plans may be similar, the methods of achieving them differ substantially. To highlight the areas that need to be resolved, we set up a dialogue between a physician and a plaintiff's...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Annis ER,Nace BJ

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Catecholamine stimulation increases the heart rate and the force of cardiac contraction. Cardiac output then increases, with a decrease occurring in total peripheral resistance due to smooth muscle dilation in the vascular beds of the muscle and heart, though there is constriction of the skin and viscera; this leads t...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Fox KM

更新日期：1988-02-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Probably nothing in the field of medicine has changed as rapidly over the last decade as antiretroviral (ARV) therapy for HIV infection. New insights into pathogenesis, new tests for measuring virus levels in plasma, and availability of powerful new drugs have combined to transform the care of persons with HIV infecti...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Henry K,Stiffman M,Feldman J

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evaluation of the suicidal patient involves careful consideration of risk factors, including attention to subtle clues from the history, and mental status examination. The most urgent decision for the physician to make is whether or not to insist on hospitalization. If the need for inpatient care is uncertain, a "no s...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Smith CW Jr,Bope ET

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Chronic kidney disease is a global public health concern. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) prediction based on serum creatinine is used to assess renal function in the elderly. The Cockcroft-Gault (CG) formula, based on body surface area (CG/BSA formula), and the Modified Diet and Renal Disease formula (MDRD ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Alagiakrishnan K,Senthilselvan A

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern prospective trials have recently shown that warfarin prescribed to produce less anticoagulant effect than was customary in the past reduces cardioembolic stroke by up to 80% in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. These results represent a major advance in stroke prevention. The effectiveness of antit...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Anderson DC

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary care physician can often delineate the cause of chest pain in a patient under 21 years of age after a thoughtful, careful, and thorough history and physical examination. Occasionally, an ECG and a chest x-ray film may be helpful. Noncardiac causes for the chest pain should be explored, and if found, the ch...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Diehl AM

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to Cato Institute chairman William A. Niskanen, government-mandated managed competition will fail to control healthcare costs and will pose a serious threat to the quality of American medical care. Mr Niskanen elaborates on this viewpoint in the following remarks, which were originally delivered in a speech....

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Niskanen WA

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bronchiectasis is characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation of the bronchi with chronic inflammation and infection. Bronchiectasis is either caused by or associated with several systemic disorders, and in a significant number of cases, the underlying etiology remains unidentified and is subsequently referred to as...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Lazarus A,Myers J,Fuhrer G

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the recent availability of human insulin, we have entered a new era in therapy for diabetes mellitus. Human insulin is not a cure for diabetes; however, no disadvantages are known to be associated with its use at present. Human insulin costs less than the other purified insulins, and because of its potential adva...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Ahrens ER,Gossain VV,Rovner DR

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Views and clinical practice on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for postmenopausal women have varied widely over the last several decades. The 1990s showed a dramatic decline in prescribing and only recently are prescription rates increasing again. Use of HRT is first line for women suffering from the symptoms of men...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Beck KL,Anderson MC,Kirk JK

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00