Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Food environments may be contributing to the rapid increase in obesity occurring in most Latin American (LA) countries. The present study reviews literature from LA that (i) describes the food environment and policies targeting the food environment (FEP); and (ii) analytic studies that investigate associations between the FEP and dietary behaviours, overweight/obesity and obesity related chronic diseases. We focus on six dimensions of the FEP: food retail, provision, labelling, marketing, price and composition. DESIGN:Systematic literature review. Three databases (Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS) were searched, from 1 January 1999 up to July 2017. Two authors independently selected the studies. A narrative synthesis was used to summarize, integrate and interpret findings. SETTING:Studies conducted in LA countries. PARTICIPANTS:The search yielded 2695 articles of which eighty-four met inclusion criteria. RESULTS:Most studies were descriptive and came from Brazil (61 %), followed by Mexico (18 %) and Guatemala (6 %). Studies were focused primarily on retail/provision (n 27), marketing (n 16) and labelling (n 15). Consistent associations between availability of fruit and vegetable markets and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables were found in cross-sectional studies. Health claims in food packaging were prevalent and mostly misleading. There was widespread use of marketing strategies for unhealthy foods aimed at children. Food prices were lower for processed relative to fresh foods. Some studies documented high sodium in industrially processed foods. CONCLUSIONS:Gaps in knowledge remain regarding policy evaluations, longitudinal food retail studies, impacts of food price on diet and effects of digital marketing on diet/health.
journal_name
Public Health Nutrjournal_title
Public health nutritionauthors
Pérez-Ferrer C,Auchincloss AH,de Menezes MC,Kroker-Lobos MF,Cardoso LO,Barrientos-Gutierrez Tdoi
10.1017/S1368980019002891subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-12-01 00:00:00pages
3447-3464issue
18eissn
1368-9800issn
1475-2727pii
S1368980019002891journal_volume
22pub_type
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