Latent profile analysis of dietary intake in a community-dwelling sample of older Americans.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To estimate latent dietary profiles in a community-dwelling sample of older Americans and identify associations between dietary profile membership and individual demographic, socio-economic and health characteristics. DESIGN:Secondary analysis of the 2012 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and linked 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study (HCNS). Latent profile analysis identified mutually exclusive subgroups of dietary intake and bivariate analyses examined associations between dietary profile membership, participant characteristics and nutrient intakes. SETTING:USA. PARTICIPANTS:An analytic sample of 3558 adults aged 65 years or older. RESULTS:Four dietary profiles were identified with 15·5 % of the sample having a 'Healthy' diet, 42·0 % consuming a 'Western' diet, 29·7 % having a diet consisting of high intake of all food groups and 12·7 % reporting relatively low intake of all food groups. Members of the 'Healthy' profile reported the greatest socio-economic resources and health, and members of the 'Low Intake' profile had the fewest resources and worst health outcomes. Macronutrient and micronutrient intakes varied across profile although inadequate and excessive intakes of selected nutrients were observed for all profiles. CONCLUSIONS:We identified dietary patterns among older Americans typified by either selective intake of foods or overall quantity of foods consumed, with those described as 'Low Intake' reporting the fewest socio-economic resources, greatest risk of food insecurity and the worst health outcomes. Limitations including the presence of measurement error in dietary questionnaires are discussed. The causes and consequences of limited dietary intake among older Americans require further study and can be facilitated by the HRS and HCNS.

journal_name

Public Health Nutr

journal_title

Public health nutrition

authors

Bishop NJ,Zuniga KE,Ramirez CM

doi

10.1017/S1368980019001496

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-02-01 00:00:00

pages

243-253

issue

2

eissn

1368-9800

issn

1475-2727

pii

S1368980019001496

journal_volume

23

pub_type

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