Focus issue: uncovering the mechanisms of neurological disease.

abstract：:The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) meeting Visualizing Immune System Complexity, held in January 2009, covered multiple scales, from imaging single molecules to imaging whole animals. In addition to experimental details, there was an emphasis on modeling both for data analysis and as a predictive tool ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Dustin ML

更新日期：2009-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The proteasome plays a pivotal role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Here, we used biochemical and mass spectrometric methods to investigate structural changes in the 26S proteasomes from yeast and mammalian cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Oxidative stress induced the dissociation of the 20S co...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Wang X,Yen J,Kaiser P,Huang L

更新日期：2010-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiomyocytes contract against a mechanical load during each heartbeat, and excessive mechanical stress leads to heart diseases. Using a cell-in-gel system that imposes an afterload during cardiomyocyte contraction, we found that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was involved in transducing mechanical load to alter Ca(2+) ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Jian Z,Han H,Zhang T,Puglisi J,Izu LT,Shaw JA,Onofiok E,Erickson JR,Chen YJ,Horvath B,Shimkunas R,Xiao W,Li Y,Pan T,Chan J,Banyasz T,Tardiff JC,Chiamvimonvat N,Bers DM,Lam KS,Chen-Izu Y

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of mucin 1 (MUC1) in protecting epithelia from microbial infection, enzymatic digestion, and other irritants has been appreciated for some time. In addition, MUC1 serves as a barrier to embryo implantation. MUC1 is highly abundant in many tumors in which its role in barrier function may serve to protect cells...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Carson DD

更新日期：2008-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in AMPA receptor recycling machinery underlie cognitive impairment in an intellectual disorder and in neurodegenerative diseases. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Ferrarelli LK

更新日期：2017-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Double knockout of PTEN and LKB1-genes encoding phosphatase and tensin homolog and liver kinase B1, respectively-leads to the spontaneous development of cancer in mice. PTEN converts phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) to phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2), whereas LKB1 activates the 5' adeno...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Chen J,Zhang XD,Proud C

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dickkopf1 (DKK1) was originally identified as an antagonist of Wnt signaling that binds to and induces the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of the Wnt coreceptors low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 (LRP5/6). DKK1 also binds to cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4), which was originally identifi...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Sada R,Kimura H,Fukata Y,Fukata M,Yamamoto H,Kikuchi A

更新日期：2019-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a rare and highly malignant cancer that grows in the bones or surrounding tissues mostly affecting adolescents and young adults. A chimeric fusion between the RNA binding protein EWS and the ETS family transcription factor FLI1 (EWS-FLI1), which is generated from a chromosomal translocation, is...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Zöllner SK,Selvanathan SP,Graham GT,Commins RMT,Hong SH,Moseley E,Parks S,Haladyna JN,Erkizan HV,Dirksen U,Hogarty MD,Üren A,Toretsky JA

更新日期：2017-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical response to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is correlated with CAR T cell persistence, especially for CAR T cells that target CD19+ hematologic malignancies. 4-1BB-costimulated CAR (BBζ) T cells exhibit longer persistence after adoptive transfer than do CD28-costimulated CAR (28ζ) T cells. 4-1B...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Philipson BI,O'Connor RS,May MJ,June CH,Albelda SM,Milone MC

更新日期：2020-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The K+/Cl- cotransporter KCC2 is a molecular switch between excitatory and inhibitory effects of GABAergic inputs into neurons. In a pair of exciting studies, Watanabe et al. and Pisella et al. elucidate the role of KCC2 dephosphorylation in this process and reveal its consequences for neurodevelopment and nervous sys...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Zamponi GW

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:By regulating gene expression, microRNAs (miRNAs) play pivotal roles in physiological and pathological processes. However, the regulation of miRNAs is elusive. miR-192 is a key regulator of renal fibrosis and hypertrophy in diabetic nephropathy. Natarajan et al. showed that the miR-192 gene contains an upstream region...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Dong Z

更新日期：2013-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:This year's signaling breakthroughs highlight insights into the pathogenesis or treatment of cancer, malaria, and neurodegenerative disorders; reveal molecular insights into cell death; and identify signals that could be leveraged to prevent plant parasitism or engineer bacteria as microbial fuel cells. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Adler EM

更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotoxic lymphocytes share the presence of the activating receptor NK receptor group 2, member D (NKG2D) and the signaling-competent adaptor DNAX-activating protein 10 (DAP10), which together play an important role in antitumor immune surveillance. Ligand stimulation induces the internalization of NKG2D-DAP10 complex...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Quatrini L,Molfetta R,Zitti B,Peruzzi G,Fionda C,Capuano C,Galandrini R,Cippitelli M,Santoni A,Paolini R

更新日期：2015-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Spontaneous neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells is induced by Noggin-mediated inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) signaling. RhoA is a guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) that regulates cytoskeletal dynamics and gene expression, both of which control stem cell fate. We found that disruption of S...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Yang J,Wu C,Stefanescu I,Jakobsson L,Chervoneva I,Horowitz A

更新日期：2016-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) link an antigen recognition domain to intracellular signaling domains to redirect T cell specificity and function. T cells expressing CARs with CD28/CD3ζ or 4-1BB/CD3ζ signaling domains are effective at treating refractory B cell malignancies but exhibit differences in effector functi...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Salter AI,Ivey RG,Kennedy JJ,Voillet V,Rajan A,Alderman EJ,Voytovich UJ,Lin C,Sommermeyer D,Liu L,Whiteaker JR,Gottardo R,Paulovich AG,Riddell SR

更新日期：2018-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Science Signaling, Lu et al reveal a role for Parkin-mediated mitophagy in beige-to-white adipocyte transition. In the absence of Parkin, mitochondria in thermogenic beige adipocytes are preserved even after the elimination of cold mimetic stimuli-in contrast to their typical elimination during the wh...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Sarraf SA,Youle RJ

更新日期：2018-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Like phosphorylation, the addition of O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is a ubiquitous, reversible process that modifies serine and threonine residues on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Overexpression of the enzyme that adds O-GlcNAc to target proteins, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), perturbs cytokin...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Wang Z,Udeshi ND,Slawson C,Compton PD,Sakabe K,Cheung WD,Shabanowitz J,Hunt DF,Hart GW

更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays varied and critical roles in animal development, homeostasis, and disease. The core components of the canonical pathway and many key modulators of signaling have been identified, as have mechanisms by which the quantity and quality of signaling through the pathway are modulated. New resea...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： VanHook AM

更新日期：2011-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracranial aneurysms are common but are generally untreated, and their rupture can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Because of the poor prognosis associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage, preventing the progression of intracranial aneurysms is critically important. Intracranial aneurysms are caused by chronic inflamm...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Aoki T,Frȍsen J,Fukuda M,Bando K,Shioi G,Tsuji K,Ollikainen E,Nozaki K,Laakkonen J,Narumiya S

更新日期：2017-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Tools for conducting high-throughput kinome analysis do not exist for many species. For example, two commonly used techniques for monitoring phosphorylation events are phosphorylation-specific antibodies and peptide arrays. The majority of phosphorylation-specific antibodies are for human or mouse targets, and the con...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Jalal S,Arsenault R,Potter AA,Babiuk LA,Griebel PJ,Napper S

更新日期：2009-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics (http://cbioportal.org) provides a Web resource for exploring, visualizing, and analyzing multidimensional cancer genomics data. The portal reduces molecular profiling data from cancer tissues and cell lines into readily understandable genetic, epigenetic, gene expression, and proteo...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gao J,Aksoy BA,Dogrusoz U,Dresdner G,Gross B,Sumer SO,Sun Y,Jacobsen A,Sinha R,Larsson E,Cerami E,Sander C,Schultz N

更新日期：2013-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the last 50 years, the posttranslational modification (PTM) of proteins has emerged as a central mechanism for cells to regulate metabolism, growth, differentiation, cell-cell interactions, and immune responses. By influencing protein structure and function, PTM leads to a multiplication of proteome diversity. Re...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Rudolph TK,Freeman BA

更新日期：2009-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) uses the polyamine spermidine to catalyze the hypusine modification of the mRNA translation factor eIF5A and promotes oncogenesis through poorly defined mechanisms. Because germline deletion of Dhps is embryonically lethal, its role in normal postnatal cellular function in vivo remains un...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Levasseur EM,Yamada K,Piñeros AR,Wu W,Syed F,Orr KS,Anderson-Baucum E,Mastracci TL,Maier B,Mosley AL,Liu Y,Bernal-Mizrachi E,Alonso LC,Scott D,Garcia-Ocaña A,Tersey SA,Mirmira RG

更新日期：2019-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Biophysical methods and x-ray crystallography have revealed that class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can form homodimers. We combined computational approaches with receptor cross-linking, energy transfer, and a newly developed functional export assay to characterize the residues involved in the dimerization in...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Jin J,Momboisse F,Boncompain G,Koensgen F,Zhou Z,Cordeiro N,Arenzana-Seisdedos F,Perez F,Lagane B,Kellenberger E,Brelot A

更新日期：2018-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, whose end product is UDP-N acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), lies at the base of cellular glycosylation pathways, including glycosylation of lipids, formation of heparin sulfated proteoglycans, and N- and O-linked glycosylation of proteins. Forward genetic studies in Drosophila have ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Ghabrial AS

更新日期：2012-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important anti-inflammatory cytokine that is produced primarily by macrophages. We investigated mechanisms by which the timing of IL-10 production was controlled in macrophages and found that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) activity was markedly increased in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimu...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Na YR,Jung D,Gu GJ,Jang AR,Suh YH,Seok SH

更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:TRPML1 (transient receptor potential mucolipin 1) is a Ca2+-permeable, nonselective cation channel localized to the membranes of endosomes and lysosomes and is not present or functional on the plasma membrane. Ca2+ released from endosomes and lysosomes into the cytosol through TRPML1 channels is vital for trafficking,...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Thakore P,Pritchard HAT,Griffin CS,Yamasaki E,Drumm BT,Lane C,Sanders KM,Feng Earley Y,Earley S

更新日期：2020-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The symbiotic interaction between Rhizobium bacteria and legume plants leads to the induction of a new developmental program: the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Nodulation is triggered by specific bacterial signals, the Nod factors, and integrates plant developmental regulatory pathways to reactivate diffe...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Crespi M,Frugier F

更新日期：2008-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In lymphocytes, the kinase Mst1 is required for the proper organization of integrins in the plasma membrane at the leading edge of migrating cells, which is critical for lymphocyte trafficking. We found a functional link between the small G protein Rab13 and Mst1 in lymphocyte adhesion and migration. In response to st...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Nishikimi A,Ishihara S,Ozawa M,Etoh K,Fukuda M,Kinashi T,Katagiri K

更新日期：2014-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Ligand binding to certain heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) stimulates the rapid synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) through the G protein α(s) subunit, which activates adenylyl cyclase (AC). We found that the transmembrane receptor low-density lipop...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Wan M,Li J,Herbst K,Zhang J,Yu B,Wu X,Qiu T,Lei W,Lindvall C,Williams BO,Ma H,Zhang F,Cao X

更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00