Parkin mediates mitophagy during beige-to-white fat conversion.

abstract：:The reciprocal regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs) by protein kinases is essential to cell cycle progression and control, particularly during mitosis for which the role of kinases has been extensively studied. PPPs perform much of the serine/threonine dephosphorylation in eukaryotic cells and achieve subs...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Nasa I,Cressey LE,Kruse T,Hertz EPT,Gui J,Graves LM,Nilsson J,Kettenbach AN

更新日期：2020-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor FOXP1 (forkhead box protein P1) is a master regulator of stem and progenitor cell biology. In diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), copy number amplifications and chromosomal translocations result in overexpression of FOXP1. Increased abundance of FOXP1 in DLBCL is a predictor of poor prognos...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Walker MP,Stopford CM,Cederlund M,Fang F,Jahn C,Rabinowitz AD,Goldfarb D,Graham DM,Yan F,Deal AM,Fedoriw Y,Richards KL,Davis IJ,Weidinger G,Damania B,Major MB

更新日期：2015-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory factor X (Rfx) homologs regulate the transcription of genes necessary for ciliogenesis in invertebrates and vertebrates. Primary cilia are necessary for Hedgehog signaling and regulation of the activity of the transcriptional regulators known as Gli proteins, which are targets of Hedgehog signaling. Here, w...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Ashique AM,Choe Y,Karlen M,May SR,Phamluong K,Solloway MJ,Ericson J,Peterson AS

更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Jasmonates control defense gene expression, growth, and fertility throughout the plant kingdom and have been studied extensively in Arabidopsis thaliana. The prohormone jasmonic acid (JA) is conjugated to amino acids such as isoleucine to form the active hormone jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile). A series of breakthroughs...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gfeller A,Liechti R,Farmer EE

更新日期：2010-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has emerged as a critical regulator of cell survival. IRE1 is a transmembrane protein with kinase and RNase activities that is localized to the ER and that promotes resistance to ER stress. We showed a mechanism by which IRE1 conferred protection against ER stress-mediated cell death. IR...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Kanekura K,Ma X,Murphy JT,Zhu LJ,Diwan A,Urano F

更新日期：2015-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytoplasmic phosphatase PTPN22 (protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22) plays a key role in regulating lymphocyte homeostasis, which ensures that the total number of lymphocytes in the periphery remains relatively constant. Mutations in PTPN22 confer an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases; h...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Brownlie RJ,Miosge LA,Vassilakos D,Svensson LM,Cope A,Zamoyska R

更新日期：2012-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Educated natural killer (NK) cells have inhibitory receptors specific for self major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and kill cancer cells more efficiently than do NK cells that do not have such receptors (hyporesponsive NK cells). The mechanism behind this functional empowerment through education h...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Staaf E,Hedde PN,Bagawath Singh S,Piguet J,Gratton E,Johansson S

更新日期：2018-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The prefibrillar form of soluble amyloid-β (sAβ1-42) impairs synaptic function and is associated with the early phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated how sAβ1-42 led to presynaptic defects using a quantum dot-based, single particle-tracking method to monitor synaptic vesicle (SV) trafficking along axons. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Park D,Na M,Kim JA,Lee U,Cho E,Jang M,Chang S

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants and animals produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to infection. In plants, ROS not only activate defense responses and promote cell death to limit the spread of pathogens but also restrict the amount of cell death in response to pathogen recognition. Plants also use hormones, such as salicylic acid,...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Siddique S,Matera C,Radakovic ZS,Hasan MS,Gutbrod P,Rozanska E,Sobczak M,Torres MA,Grundler FM

更新日期：2014-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Although multiple steroid ligands of the glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and progestin families bind to and regulate the activity of mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs), the responses to these ligands differ across species. To understand how the different domains of MRs contribute to the ligand-induced activation or ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Katsu Y,Oka K,Baker ME

更新日期：2018-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual signaling pathways operate in the context of the broader signaling network. Thus, the response of a cell to signals from the environment is affected by the state of the signaling network, such as the clinically relevant example of whether some components in the network are inhibited. The cytokine tumor necr...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gierut JJ,Wood LB,Lau KS,Lin YJ,Genetti C,Samatar AA,Lauffenburger DA,Haigis KM

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The CXC chemokine CXCL12 mediates the chemoattraction of T cells and enhances the stimulation of T cells through the T cell receptor (TCR). The adaptor SLP-76 [Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kD] has two key tyrosine residues, Tyr(113) and Tyr(128), that mediate signaling downstream of t...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Smith X,Schneider H,Köhler K,Liu H,Lu Y,Rudd CE

更新日期：2013-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Most metazoans have at least some ability to regenerate damaged cells and tissues, although the regenerative capacity varies depending on the species, organ, or developmental stage. Cell replacement and regeneration occur in two contexts: renewal of spent cells during tissue homeostasis (homeostatic growth), and in re...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Bergmann A,Steller H

更新日期：2010-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling by the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptors I and II (TβRI/II) and the primary cilia-localized sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway promote cell migration and, consequently, tumor metastasis. In contrast, the sphingolipid ceramide inhibits cell proliferation and tumor metastasis. We investigated whether ce...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gencer S,Oleinik N,Kim J,Panneer Selvam S,De Palma R,Dany M,Nganga R,Thomas RJ,Senkal CE,Howe PH,Ogretmen B

更新日期：2017-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:This year's signaling breakthroughs highlight insights into the pathogenesis or treatment of cancer, malaria, and neurodegenerative disorders; reveal molecular insights into cell death; and identify signals that could be leveraged to prevent plant parasitism or engineer bacteria as microbial fuel cells. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Adler EM

更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelial cell polarity is linked to the control of tissue growth and tumorigenesis. The tumor suppressor and cell polarity protein lethal-2-giant larvae (Lgl) promotes Hippo signaling and inhibits Notch signaling to restrict tissue growth in Drosophila melanogaster Notch signaling is greater in lgl mutant tissue tha...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Portela M,Yang L,Paul S,Li X,Veraksa A,Parsons LM,Richardson HE

更新日期：2018-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Although many anticancer drugs that target receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) provide clinical benefit, their long-term use is limited by resistance that is often attributed to increased abundance or activation of another RTK that compensates for the inhibited receptor. To uncover common and unique features in the signa...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Wagner JP,Wolf-Yadlin A,Sevecka M,Grenier JK,Root DE,Lauffenburger DA,MacBeath G

更新日期：2013-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In a mouse model of Parkinson's disease, new evidence shows that l-DOPA, which is used to treat the symptoms of the disease but also causes dyskinesia, results in a persistent activation of the protein kinase mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) in a subset of striatal medium spiny neurons. Moreover, blockade of a spe...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Klann E

更新日期：2009-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) link an antigen recognition domain to intracellular signaling domains to redirect T cell specificity and function. T cells expressing CARs with CD28/CD3ζ or 4-1BB/CD3ζ signaling domains are effective at treating refractory B cell malignancies but exhibit differences in effector functi...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Salter AI,Ivey RG,Kennedy JJ,Voillet V,Rajan A,Alderman EJ,Voytovich UJ,Lin C,Sommermeyer D,Liu L,Whiteaker JR,Gottardo R,Paulovich AG,Riddell SR

更新日期：2018-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:T helper (T(H)) cells integrate biochemical cues present in the tissue microenvironment and produce cytokines that orchestrate immune responses. Previous discoveries have revealed a qualitative understanding of how T(H) cells process this biochemical information; however, the lack of methods to quantify how well these...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Klinke DJ 2nd,Cheng N,Chambers E

更新日期：2012-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:l-Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, with postsynaptic responses to its release predominantly mediated by AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs). A critical component of synaptic plasticity involves changes in the number of responding postsynaptic receptors, which are dynamically recruited...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Buonarati OR,Hammes EA,Watson JF,Greger IH,Hell JW

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays varied and critical roles in animal development, homeostasis, and disease. The core components of the canonical pathway and many key modulators of signaling have been identified, as have mechanisms by which the quantity and quality of signaling through the pathway are modulated. New resea...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： VanHook AM

更新日期：2011-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain (mDA neurons) causes progressive loss of motor control and function. Using embryonic and mDA neurons, midbrain tissue from mice, and differentiated human neural stem cells, we investigated the mechanisms ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Zhang D,Yang S,Toledo EM,Gyllborg D,Saltó C,Carlos Villaescusa J,Arenas E

更新日期：2017-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen sensing by the carotid body is essential in vertebrates to adapt to reduced arterial oxygen tension. In this issue of Science Signaling, Yuan et al. report an intricate signaling system to transduce a physical parameter--oxygen tension--into a biological cellular signal (neural discharge) through changes in the...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Fandrey J

更新日期：2015-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The mTORC1 [mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin complex 1] inhibitor rapamycin is a potent inhibitor of T and B lymphocyte growth and proliferation. In this issue of Science Signaling, So et al found that the isoform of 4E-BP (4E-BP2) in lymphocytes that regulates messenger RNA translation is more sensitive...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Abraham RT

更新日期：2016-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 (VEGFR2) by VEGF binding is critical for vascular morphogenesis. In addition, VEGF disrupts the endothelial barrier by triggering the phosphorylation and turnover of the junctional molecule VE-cadherin, a process mediated by the VEGFR2 downstream effec...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gordon EJ,Fukuhara D,Weström S,Padhan N,Sjöström EO,van Meeteren L,He L,Orsenigo F,Dejana E,Bentley K,Spurkland A,Claesson-Welsh L

更新日期：2016-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The extracellular Ca(2+)-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays a nonredundant role in the functions of the parathyroid gland (PTG) and the kidney. Severe hyperparathyroidism, premature death, and incomplete gene excision in Casr(-/-) mice have precluded the assessment of CaSR function in other tissues. We generated mice with ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Chang W,Tu C,Chen TH,Bikle D,Shoback D

更新日期：2008-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Exosomes are paracrine regulators of the tumor microenvironment and contain complex cargo. We previously reported that exosomes released from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells can suppress residual hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function indirectly through stromal reprogramming of niche retention facto...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Hornick NI,Doron B,Abdelhamed S,Huan J,Harrington CA,Shen R,Cambronne XA,Chakkaramakkil Verghese S,Kurre P

更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The accumulation of damaged or excess proteins and organelles is a defining feature of metabolic disease in nearly every tissue. Thus, a central challenge in maintaining metabolic homeostasis is the identification, sequestration, and degradation of these cellular components, including protein aggregates, mitochondria,...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Evans TD,Sergin I,Zhang X,Razani B

更新日期：2017-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a rare and highly malignant cancer that grows in the bones or surrounding tissues mostly affecting adolescents and young adults. A chimeric fusion between the RNA binding protein EWS and the ETS family transcription factor FLI1 (EWS-FLI1), which is generated from a chromosomal translocation, is...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Zöllner SK,Selvanathan SP,Graham GT,Commins RMT,Hong SH,Moseley E,Parks S,Haladyna JN,Erkizan HV,Dirksen U,Hogarty MD,Üren A,Toretsky JA

更新日期：2017-10-03 00:00:00