Parasitic worms stimulate host NADPH oxidases to produce reactive oxygen species that limit plant cell death and promote infection.

abstract：:For decades, the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has been used as an excellent model with which to explore how cellular growth is coordinated with the division cycle, a yet-unanswered question in biology. New studies in this organism show that TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase and stress-responsive MAPK (mitoge...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Shiozaki K

更新日期：2009-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial cell dysfunction, characterized by a diminished response to endothelial cell-dependent vasodilators, is a hallmark of hypertension. TRPV4 channels play a major role in endothelial-dependent vasodilation, a function mediated by local Ca(2+) influx through clusters of functionally coupled TRPV4 channels rath...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Sonkusare SK,Dalsgaard T,Bonev AD,Hill-Eubanks DC,Kotlikoff MI,Scott JD,Santana LF,Nelson MT

更新日期：2014-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive dementia disorder characterized by synaptic degeneration and amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain. Through whole-genome sequencing of 1345 individuals from 410 families with late-onset AD (LOAD), we identified three highly penetrant variants in PRKCA, the gene that encodes...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Alfonso SI,Callender JA,Hooli B,Antal CE,Mullin K,Sherman MA,Lesné SE,Leitges M,Newton AC,Tanzi RE,Malinow R

更新日期：2016-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The V600E mutation in the kinase BRAF is frequently detected in melanomas and results in constitutive activation of BRAF, which then promotes cell proliferation by the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Although the BRAFV600E kinase inhibitor vemurafenib has remarkable antitumor activity in patients w...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Beck D,Niessner H,Smalley KS,Flaherty K,Paraiso KH,Busch C,Sinnberg T,Vasseur S,Iovanna JL,Drießen S,Stork B,Wesselborg S,Schaller M,Biedermann T,Bauer J,Lasithiotakis K,Weide B,Eberle J,Schittek B,Schadendorf D,G

更新日期：2013-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:K63-linked ubiquitination of Akt is a posttranslational modification that plays a critical role in growth factor-mediated membrane recruitment and activation of Akt. Although E3 ligases involved in growth factor-induced ubiquitination of Akt have been defined, the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that triggers deubiquiti...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Yang WL,Jin G,Li CF,Jeong YS,Moten A,Xu D,Feng Z,Chen W,Cai Z,Darnay B,Gu W,Lin HK

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:A central component of receptor-evoked Ca(2+) signaling is store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), which is activated by the assembly of STIM1-Orai1 channels in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM) (ER-PM) junctions in response to depletion of ER Ca(2+). We report that STIM2 enhances agonist-mediated activa...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Ong HL,de Souza LB,Zheng C,Cheng KT,Liu X,Goldsmith CM,Feske S,Ambudkar IS

更新日期：2015-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Type I interferons (IFNs), including various IFN-α isoforms and IFN-β, are a family of homologous, multifunctional cytokines. IFNs activate different cellular responses by binding to a common receptor that consists of two subunits, IFNAR1 and IFNAR2. In addition to stimulating antiviral responses, they also inhibit ce...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Levin D,Schneider WM,Hoffmann HH,Yarden G,Busetto AG,Manor O,Sharma N,Rice CM,Schreiber G

更新日期：2014-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracranial aneurysms are common but are generally untreated, and their rupture can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Because of the poor prognosis associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage, preventing the progression of intracranial aneurysms is critically important. Intracranial aneurysms are caused by chronic inflamm...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Aoki T,Frȍsen J,Fukuda M,Bando K,Shioi G,Tsuji K,Ollikainen E,Nozaki K,Laakkonen J,Narumiya S

更新日期：2017-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The reciprocal regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs) by protein kinases is essential to cell cycle progression and control, particularly during mitosis for which the role of kinases has been extensively studied. PPPs perform much of the serine/threonine dephosphorylation in eukaryotic cells and achieve subs...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Nasa I,Cressey LE,Kruse T,Hertz EPT,Gui J,Graves LM,Nilsson J,Kettenbach AN

更新日期：2020-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling pathways control cell fate decisions that ultimately determine the behavior of cancer cells. Therefore, the dynamics of pathway activity may contain prognostically relevant information different from that contained in the static nature of other types of biomarkers. To investigate this hypothesis, we characte...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Fey D,Halasz M,Dreidax D,Kennedy SP,Hastings JF,Rauch N,Munoz AG,Pilkington R,Fischer M,Westermann F,Kolch W,Kholodenko BN,Croucher DR

更新日期：2015-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:New therapeutic approaches for chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis are needed because current treatments are often suboptimal in terms of both efficacy and the risks of serious adverse events. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are E3 ubiquitin liga...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Jensen S,Seidelin JB,LaCasse EC,Nielsen OH

更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The prefibrillar form of soluble amyloid-β (sAβ1-42) impairs synaptic function and is associated with the early phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated how sAβ1-42 led to presynaptic defects using a quantum dot-based, single particle-tracking method to monitor synaptic vesicle (SV) trafficking along axons. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Park D,Na M,Kim JA,Lee U,Cho E,Jang M,Chang S

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) channels are highly selective Ca2+ channels activated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) sensors STIM1 and STIM2. Their direct interaction with the pore-forming plasma membrane ORAI proteins (ORAI1, ORAI2, and ORAI3) leads to sustained Ca2+ fluxes that are critical for many cellular fun...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Eckstein M,Vaeth M,Aulestia FJ,Costiniti V,Kassam SN,Bromage TG,Pedersen P,Issekutz T,Idaghdour Y,Moursi AM,Feske S,Lacruz RS

更新日期：2019-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytoplasmic phosphatase PTPN22 (protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22) plays a key role in regulating lymphocyte homeostasis, which ensures that the total number of lymphocytes in the periphery remains relatively constant. Mutations in PTPN22 confer an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases; h...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Brownlie RJ,Miosge LA,Vassilakos D,Svensson LM,Cope A,Zamoyska R

更新日期：2012-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemoattractants induce cell migration through the activation of a distinct family of structurally related heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors. Over the past few years, several receptors in this family have been identified that recognize different classes of chemoattractants...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Borroni EM,Bonecchi R,Mantovani A,Locati M

更新日期：2009-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory factor X (Rfx) homologs regulate the transcription of genes necessary for ciliogenesis in invertebrates and vertebrates. Primary cilia are necessary for Hedgehog signaling and regulation of the activity of the transcriptional regulators known as Gli proteins, which are targets of Hedgehog signaling. Here, w...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Ashique AM,Choe Y,Karlen M,May SR,Phamluong K,Solloway MJ,Ericson J,Peterson AS

更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:DNAX-activating protein of 12 kD (DAP12) is an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing adaptor protein found in myeloid cells and natural killer cells, and it couples to various receptors that mediate either cellular activation or inhibition. DAP12 inhibits Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Peng Q,Long CL,Malhotra S,Humphrey MB

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemokines were initially thought of only as regulators of the migration of developing thymocytes between different compartments of the thymus and were predicted also to be involved in early stages of thymocyte development. Recent data have suggested additional functions for the chemokine receptor CXCR4-a G protein-co...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Ahamed JA,Madhivadhani P

更新日期：2010-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The differentiation of fibroblasts into a transient population of highly activated, extracellular matrix (ECM)-producing myofibroblasts at sites of tissue injury is critical for normal tissue repair. Excessive myofibroblast accumulation and persistence, often as a result of a failure to undergo apoptosis when tissue r...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Selvarajah B,Azuelos I,Platé M,Guillotin D,Forty EJ,Contento G,Woodcock HV,Redding M,Taylor A,Brunori G,Durrenberger PF,Ronzoni R,Blanchard AD,Mercer PF,Anastasiou D,Chambers RC

更新日期：2019-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigen-mediated stimulation of the T cell receptor (TCR) triggers activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), a key transcriptional regulator of T cell proliferation and effector cell differentiation. TCR signaling to NF-κB requires both the Carma1-Bcl10-Malt1 (CBM) complex and the inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) com...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Paul S,Traver MK,Kashyap AK,Washington MA,Latoche JR,Schaefer BC

更新日期：2014-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual signaling pathways operate in the context of the broader signaling network. Thus, the response of a cell to signals from the environment is affected by the state of the signaling network, such as the clinically relevant example of whether some components in the network are inhibited. The cytokine tumor necr...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gierut JJ,Wood LB,Lau KS,Lin YJ,Genetti C,Samatar AA,Lauffenburger DA,Haigis KM

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in ERBB2, the gene encoding epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family member HER2, are common in and drive the growth of "HER2-negative" (not ERBB2 amplified) tumors but are rare in "HER2-positive" (ERBB2 amplified) breast cancer. We analyzed DNA-sequencing data from HER2-positive patients and used cell...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Cocco E,Javier Carmona F,Razavi P,Won HH,Cai Y,Rossi V,Chan C,Cownie J,Soong J,Toska E,Shifman SG,Sarotto I,Savas P,Wick MJ,Papadopoulos KP,Moriarty A,Cutler RE Jr,Avogadri-Connors F,Lalani AS,Bryce RP,Chandarlapa

更新日期：2018-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously developed a web tool, Transcriptomine, to explore expression profiling data sets involving small-molecule or genetic manipulations of nuclear receptor signaling pathways. We describe advances in biocuration, query interface design, and data visualization that enhance the discovery of uncharacterized biol...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Becnel LB,Ochsner SA,Darlington YF,McOwiti A,Kankanamge WH,Dehart M,Naumov A,McKenna NJ

更新日期：2017-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Like phosphorylation, the addition of O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is a ubiquitous, reversible process that modifies serine and threonine residues on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Overexpression of the enzyme that adds O-GlcNAc to target proteins, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), perturbs cytokin...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Wang Z,Udeshi ND,Slawson C,Compton PD,Sakabe K,Cheung WD,Shabanowitz J,Hunt DF,Hart GW

更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha) are transcription factors that mediate adaptive responses to hypoxia and control aspects of energy metabolism, respectively. New evidence suggests that when HIF-1 alpha and C/EBP alpha interact, they bring about reciprocal func...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Janardhan HP

更新日期：2008-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling by the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptors I and II (TβRI/II) and the primary cilia-localized sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway promote cell migration and, consequently, tumor metastasis. In contrast, the sphingolipid ceramide inhibits cell proliferation and tumor metastasis. We investigated whether ce...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gencer S,Oleinik N,Kim J,Panneer Selvam S,De Palma R,Dany M,Nganga R,Thomas RJ,Senkal CE,Howe PH,Ogretmen B

更新日期：2017-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The TRAF [tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor] family of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins link cell-surface receptors to intracellular signaling pathways that regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. In response to activation of RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I), a component of a pattern recognitio...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Zhang P,Reichardt A,Liang H,Aliyari R,Cheng D,Wang Y,Xu F,Cheng G,Liu Y

更新日期：2012-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling proteins evolved diverse interactions to provide specificity for distinct stimuli. Signaling complexity in the G protein (heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate-binding protein) network was achieved in animals through subunit duplication and incremental evolution. By combining comprehensive and quantitative p...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Urano D,Maruta N,Trusov Y,Stoian R,Wu Q,Liang Y,Jaiswal DK,Thung L,Jackson D,Botella JR,Jones AM

更新日期：2016-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Compared with the luminal subtype, the basal-like subtype of breast cancer has an aggressive clinical behavior, but the reasons for this difference between the two subtypes are poorly understood. We identified microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-221 and miR-222 (miR-221/222) as basal-like subtype-specific miRNAs that decrease expr...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Stinson S,Lackner MR,Adai AT,Yu N,Kim HJ,O'Brien C,Spoerke J,Jhunjhunwala S,Boyd Z,Januario T,Newman RJ,Yue P,Bourgon R,Modrusan Z,Stern HM,Warming S,de Sauvage FJ,Amler L,Yeh RF,Dornan D

更新日期：2011-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The mTORC1 [mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin complex 1] inhibitor rapamycin is a potent inhibitor of T and B lymphocyte growth and proliferation. In this issue of Science Signaling, So et al found that the isoform of 4E-BP (4E-BP2) in lymphocytes that regulates messenger RNA translation is more sensitive...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Abraham RT

更新日期：2016-05-31 00:00:00