Rounding up the usual suspects in O2 sensing: CO, NO, and H2S!

abstract：:In Drosophila, recognition of microbe-specific molecules (such as bacterial peptidoglycans) activates serine protease cascades that converge to activate the Toll pathway. Recent data show that the serine protease Grass, which is activated downstream of pattern recognition receptors and was initially thought to be a co...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Ashok Y

更新日期：2009-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular hyperosmolarity, or osmotic stress, generally caused by differences in salt and macromolecule concentrations across the plasma membrane, occurs in lymphoid organs and at inflammatory sites. The response of immune cells to osmotic stress is regulated by nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5), a tra...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Kino T,Takatori H,Manoli I,Wang Y,Tiulpakov A,Blackman MR,Su YA,Chrousos GP,DeCherney AH,Segars JH

更新日期：2009-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The postsynaptic site of neurons is composed of more than 1500 proteins arranged in protein-protein interaction complexes, the composition of which is modulated by protein phosphorylation through the actions of complex signaling networks. Components of these networks function as key regulators of synaptic plasticity, ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Li J,Wilkinson B,Clementel VA,Hou J,O'Dell TJ,Coba MP

更新日期：2016-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigen-mediated stimulation of the T cell receptor (TCR) triggers activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), a key transcriptional regulator of T cell proliferation and effector cell differentiation. TCR signaling to NF-κB requires both the Carma1-Bcl10-Malt1 (CBM) complex and the inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) com...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Paul S,Traver MK,Kashyap AK,Washington MA,Latoche JR,Schaefer BC

更新日期：2014-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelial cell polarity is linked to the control of tissue growth and tumorigenesis. The tumor suppressor and cell polarity protein lethal-2-giant larvae (Lgl) promotes Hippo signaling and inhibits Notch signaling to restrict tissue growth in Drosophila melanogaster Notch signaling is greater in lgl mutant tissue tha...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Portela M,Yang L,Paul S,Li X,Veraksa A,Parsons LM,Richardson HE

更新日期：2018-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The symbiotic interaction between Rhizobium bacteria and legume plants leads to the induction of a new developmental program: the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Nodulation is triggered by specific bacterial signals, the Nod factors, and integrates plant developmental regulatory pathways to reactivate diffe...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Crespi M,Frugier F

更新日期：2008-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:K63-linked ubiquitination of Akt is a posttranslational modification that plays a critical role in growth factor-mediated membrane recruitment and activation of Akt. Although E3 ligases involved in growth factor-induced ubiquitination of Akt have been defined, the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that triggers deubiquiti...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Yang WL,Jin G,Li CF,Jeong YS,Moten A,Xu D,Feng Z,Chen W,Cai Z,Darnay B,Gu W,Lin HK

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiomyocytes contract against a mechanical load during each heartbeat, and excessive mechanical stress leads to heart diseases. Using a cell-in-gel system that imposes an afterload during cardiomyocyte contraction, we found that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was involved in transducing mechanical load to alter Ca(2+) ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Jian Z,Han H,Zhang T,Puglisi J,Izu LT,Shaw JA,Onofiok E,Erickson JR,Chen YJ,Horvath B,Shimkunas R,Xiao W,Li Y,Pan T,Chan J,Banyasz T,Tardiff JC,Chiamvimonvat N,Bers DM,Lam KS,Chen-Izu Y

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays varied and critical roles in animal development, homeostasis, and disease. The core components of the canonical pathway and many key modulators of signaling have been identified, as have mechanisms by which the quantity and quality of signaling through the pathway are modulated. New resea...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： VanHook AM

更新日期：2011-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling proteins evolved diverse interactions to provide specificity for distinct stimuli. Signaling complexity in the G protein (heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate-binding protein) network was achieved in animals through subunit duplication and incremental evolution. By combining comprehensive and quantitative p...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Urano D,Maruta N,Trusov Y,Stoian R,Wu Q,Liang Y,Jaiswal DK,Thung L,Jackson D,Botella JR,Jones AM

更新日期：2016-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) plays a central role in Ca2+ signaling throughout the body. In the hippocampus, CaMKII is required for learning and memory. Vertebrate genomes encode four CaMKII homologs: CaMKIIα, CaMKIIβ, CaMKIIγ, and CaMKIIδ. All CaMKIIs consist of a kinase domain, a regulator...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Sloutsky R,Dziedzic N,Dunn MJ,Bates RM,Torres-Ocampo AP,Boopathy S,Page B,Weeks JG,Chao LH,Stratton MM

更新日期：2020-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A challenge for biomedical research is the development of pharmaceuticals that appropriately target disease mechanisms. Natural products can be a rich source of bioactive chemicals for medicinal applications but can act through unknown mechanisms and can be difficult to produce or obtain. To address these challenges, ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Potts MB,Kim HS,Fisher KW,Hu Y,Carrasco YP,Bulut GB,Ou YH,Herrera-Herrera ML,Cubillos F,Mendiratta S,Xiao G,Hofree M,Ideker T,Xie Y,Huang LJ,Lewis RE,MacMillan JB,White MA

更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer group 2D (NKG2D), an activating receptor on natural killer (NK) cells and a subset of T cells, recognizes stress-inducible proteins, including MICA and ULBP2, which are present on infected or transformed cells. Whether each NKG2D ligand (NKG2DL) has a distinct biological role is not clear. Using superre...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Bálint Š,Lopes FB,Davis DM

更新日期：2018-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-2 (IL-2)-inducible T cell kinase (ITK) mediates T cell receptor (TCR) signaling primarily to stimulate the production of cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, from T helper 2 (TH2) cells. Compared to wild-type mice, ITK knockout mice are resistant to asthma and exhibit reduced lung inflammation and dec...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Sun Y,Peng I,Webster JD,Suto E,Lesch J,Wu X,Senger K,Francis G,Barrett K,Collier JL,Burch JD,Zhou M,Chen Y,Chan C,Eastham-Anderson J,Ngu H,Li O,Staton T,Havnar C,Jaochico A,Jackman J,Jeet S,Riol-Blanco L,Wu

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with chronic systemic inflammation and enhanced susceptibility to systemic bacterial infection (sepsis). We hypothesized that low insulin concentrations in T1DM trigger the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) to produce the lipid mediator leukotriene B4 (LTB4), which triggers sys...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Filgueiras LR,Brandt SL,Wang S,Wang Z,Morris DL,Evans-Molina C,Mirmira RG,Jancar S,Serezani CH

更新日期：2015-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The detection of microbes and initiation of an innate immune response occur through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which are critical for the production of inflammatory cytokines and activation of the cellular microbicidal machinery. In particular, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the NADPH ox...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Billings EA,Lee CS,Owen KA,D'Souza RS,Ravichandran KS,Casanova JE

更新日期：2016-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a pluripotent cytokine that regulates cell fate and plasticity in normal tissues and tumors. The multifunctional cellular responses evoked by TGF-β are mediated by the canonical SMAD pathway and by noncanonical pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Hamidi A,Song J,Thakur N,Itoh S,Marcusson A,Bergh A,Heldin CH,Landström M

更新日期：2017-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms that determine localized formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through NADPH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase (Nox) family members in nonphagocytic cells are unknown. We show that the c-Src substrate proteins Tks4 (tyrosine kinase substrate with four SH3 domains...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gianni D,Diaz B,Taulet N,Fowler B,Courtneidge SA,Bokoch GM

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence, presentation, and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) differ between men and women, although β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition is a pathological hallmark of AD in both sexes. Aβ-induced activation of the neuronal glutamate receptor mGluR5 is linked to AD progression. However, we found that mGluR5 exhibits ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Abd-Elrahman KS,Albaker A,de Souza JM,Ribeiro FM,Schlossmacher MG,Tiberi M,Hamilton A,Ferguson SSG

更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Multicellular organisms rely on complex, fine-tuned protein networks to respond to environmental changes. We used in vitro evolution to explore the role of domain mutation and expansion in the evolution of network complexity. Using random mutagenesis to facilitate family expansion, we asked how versatile and robust th...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Ernst A,Sazinsky SL,Hui S,Currell B,Dharsee M,Seshagiri S,Bader GD,Sidhu SS

更新日期：2009-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotoxic lymphocytes share the presence of the activating receptor NK receptor group 2, member D (NKG2D) and the signaling-competent adaptor DNAX-activating protein 10 (DAP10), which together play an important role in antitumor immune surveillance. Ligand stimulation induces the internalization of NKG2D-DAP10 complex...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Quatrini L,Molfetta R,Zitti B,Peruzzi G,Fionda C,Capuano C,Galandrini R,Cippitelli M,Santoni A,Paolini R

更新日期：2015-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells is controlled by nutrients, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Unlike the latter, which work through classic receptors, glucose and most other nutrients do not interact with membrane receptors but must be metabolized by β cells to induce insulin secretion. Studies have revealed ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Henquin JC

更新日期：2012-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The reciprocal regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs) by protein kinases is essential to cell cycle progression and control, particularly during mitosis for which the role of kinases has been extensively studied. PPPs perform much of the serine/threonine dephosphorylation in eukaryotic cells and achieve subs...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Nasa I,Cressey LE,Kruse T,Hertz EPT,Gui J,Graves LM,Nilsson J,Kettenbach AN

更新日期：2020-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Secreted IgD concentration depends on the presence of microbiota. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Mushegian AA

更新日期：2017-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) is a nutrient-sensitive protein kinase that is aberrantly activated in many human cancers. Whether dysregulation of mTORC1 signaling in normal tissues increases the risk for cancer, however, is unknown. We focused on hepatocellular carcinoma, which has been l...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Menon S,Yecies JL,Zhang HH,Howell JJ,Nicholatos J,Harputlugil E,Bronson RT,Kwiatkowski DJ,Manning BD

更新日期：2012-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Ligand binding to certain heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) stimulates the rapid synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) through the G protein α(s) subunit, which activates adenylyl cyclase (AC). We found that the transmembrane receptor low-density lipop...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Wan M,Li J,Herbst K,Zhang J,Yu B,Wu X,Qiu T,Lei W,Lindvall C,Williams BO,Ma H,Zhang F,Cao X

更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Science Signaling, Lu et al reveal a role for Parkin-mediated mitophagy in beige-to-white adipocyte transition. In the absence of Parkin, mitochondria in thermogenic beige adipocytes are preserved even after the elimination of cold mimetic stimuli-in contrast to their typical elimination during the wh...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Sarraf SA,Youle RJ

更新日期：2018-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevailing view has been that N-terminally truncated p53 family isoforms (ΔNp53, ΔNp63, and DNp73) predominantly counteract cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Recent progress in the field extend these well-known functions and place these isoforms in the center of a comprehensive regulatory network controlling major ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Engelmann D,Pützer BM

更新日期：2014-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Compared with the luminal subtype, the basal-like subtype of breast cancer has an aggressive clinical behavior, but the reasons for this difference between the two subtypes are poorly understood. We identified microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-221 and miR-222 (miR-221/222) as basal-like subtype-specific miRNAs that decrease expr...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Stinson S,Lackner MR,Adai AT,Yu N,Kim HJ,O'Brien C,Spoerke J,Jhunjhunwala S,Boyd Z,Januario T,Newman RJ,Yue P,Bourgon R,Modrusan Z,Stern HM,Warming S,de Sauvage FJ,Amler L,Yeh RF,Dornan D

更新日期：2011-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Birth defects of the heart and face are common, and most have no known genetic cause, suggesting a role for environmental factors. Maternal fever during the first trimester is an environmental risk factor linked to these defects. Neural crest cells are precursor populations essential to the development of both at-risk...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Hutson MR,Keyte AL,Hernández-Morales M,Gibbs E,Kupchinsky ZA,Argyridis I,Erwin KN,Pegram K,Kneifel M,Rosenberg PB,Matak P,Xie L,Grandl J,Davis EE,Katsanis N,Liu C,Benner EJ

更新日期：2017-10-10 00:00:00