CCR5 adopts three homodimeric conformations that control cell surface delivery.

abstract：:Inositol pyrophosphates are highly energetic inositol polyphosphate molecules present in organisms from slime molds and yeast to mammals. Distinct classes of enzymes generate different forms of inositol pyrophosphates. The biosynthesis of these substances principally involves phosphorylation of inositol hexakisphospha...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Chakraborty A,Kim S,Snyder SH

更新日期：2011-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with chronic systemic inflammation and enhanced susceptibility to systemic bacterial infection (sepsis). We hypothesized that low insulin concentrations in T1DM trigger the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) to produce the lipid mediator leukotriene B4 (LTB4), which triggers sys...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Filgueiras LR,Brandt SL,Wang S,Wang Z,Morris DL,Evans-Molina C,Mirmira RG,Jancar S,Serezani CH

更新日期：2015-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluorescent properties of the amino acid tryptophan make it a useful tool for fluorometric assays. Because tryptophan fluorescence is remarkably sensitive to the polarity of the environment, it can be used to determine the affinity of tryptophan-containing peptides for phospholipid vesicles of varying compositions...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Kraft CA,Garrido JL,Leiva-Vega L,Romero G

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TLR4-stimulated B cell activation is mediated by the tyrosine kinase Syk and depends on the B cell receptor. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Foley JF

更新日期：2017-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Jiang et al. (Research Article, 11 October 2011, DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2002152) used a combined experimental and computational modeling approach to study the dynamic response behavior of covalent modification cycles in the presence of downstream targets ("loads"). Despite remarkable agreement between experiments and ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Straube R

更新日期：2012-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:One reported function of the tumor suppressor p19(Arf) is to stabilize p53, providing a critical checkpoint in the response to oncogenic insults. Acute loss of Pten leads to an increase in the abundance of p19(Arf), p53, and p21 proteins as part of a fail-safe senescence response. Here, we report that loss of p19(Arf)...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Chen Z,Carracedo A,Lin HK,Koutcher JA,Behrendt N,Egia A,Alimonti A,Carver BS,Gerald W,Teruya-Feldstein J,Loda M,Pandolfi PP

更新日期：2009-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of feedback loops between signaling and gene expression is ushering in new quantitative models of cellular regulation. In a recent issue of Science Signaling, Sung et al. showed how positive feedback downstream of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling enhances the capacity of macrophages to scale their ant...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Tkach KE,Oyler JE,Altan-Bonnet G

更新日期：2014-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytokines of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family promote the growth and differentiation of multiple tissues, but the role of only the founding member, TGF-β, in regulating the immune responses has been extensively studied. TGF-β is critical to prevent the spontaneous activation of self-reactive T cells...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Browning LM,Pietrzak M,Kuczma M,Simms CP,Kurczewska A,Refugia JM,Lowery DJ,Rempala G,Gutkin D,Ignatowicz L,Muranski P,Kraj P

更新日期：2018-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Frizzleds (FZDs) are a group of seven transmembrane-spanning (7TM) receptors that belong to class F of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. FZDs bind WNT proteins to stimulate diverse signaling cascades involved in embryonic development, stem cell regulation, and adult tissue homeostasis. Frizzled 5 (FZD...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Wright SC,Cañizal MCA,Benkel T,Simon K,Le Gouill C,Matricon P,Namkung Y,Lukasheva V,König GM,Laporte SA,Carlsson J,Kostenis E,Bouvier M,Schulte G,Hoffmann C

更新日期：2018-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Both synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are thought to be critical for memory formation. Dell'Acqua and co-workers now demonstrate that transient postsynaptic incorporation of Ca(2+)-permeable (CP) α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) is required for...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Hell JW

更新日期：2016-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The interplay between calcium ion (Ca(2+)) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling underlies crucial aspects of cell homeostasis. The membrane-bound Ca(2+)-regulated adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are pivotal points of this integration. These enzymes display high selectivity for Ca(2+) entry arising from the acti...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Willoughby D,Everett KL,Halls ML,Pacheco J,Skroblin P,Vaca L,Klussmann E,Cooper DM

更新日期：2012-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling by the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptors I and II (TβRI/II) and the primary cilia-localized sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway promote cell migration and, consequently, tumor metastasis. In contrast, the sphingolipid ceramide inhibits cell proliferation and tumor metastasis. We investigated whether ce...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gencer S,Oleinik N,Kim J,Panneer Selvam S,De Palma R,Dany M,Nganga R,Thomas RJ,Senkal CE,Howe PH,Ogretmen B

更新日期：2017-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that suppress the abundance of partially complementary mRNAs and inhibit their translation. Each miRNA can regulate hundreds of mRNAs, sometimes strongly but often weakly, to mediate a diverse array of biological functions, including proliferation, cell signaling, differenti...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Hata A,Lieberman J

更新日期：2015-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Secreted IgD concentration depends on the presence of microbiota. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Mushegian AA

更新日期：2017-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channels TRIC-A and TRIC-B localize predominantly to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and likely support Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores by mediating cationic flux to maintain electrical neutrality. Deletion and point mutations in TRIC-B occur in families with autosomal ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Zhao C,Ichimura A,Qian N,Iida T,Yamazaki D,Noma N,Asagiri M,Yamamoto K,Komazaki S,Sato C,Aoyama F,Sawaguchi A,Kakizawa S,Nishi M,Takeshima H

更新日期：2016-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical response to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is correlated with CAR T cell persistence, especially for CAR T cells that target CD19+ hematologic malignancies. 4-1BB-costimulated CAR (BBζ) T cells exhibit longer persistence after adoptive transfer than do CD28-costimulated CAR (28ζ) T cells. 4-1B...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Philipson BI,O'Connor RS,May MJ,June CH,Albelda SM,Milone MC

更新日期：2020-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotoxic lymphocytes share the presence of the activating receptor NK receptor group 2, member D (NKG2D) and the signaling-competent adaptor DNAX-activating protein 10 (DAP10), which together play an important role in antitumor immune surveillance. Ligand stimulation induces the internalization of NKG2D-DAP10 complex...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Quatrini L,Molfetta R,Zitti B,Peruzzi G,Fionda C,Capuano C,Galandrini R,Cippitelli M,Santoni A,Paolini R

更新日期：2015-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The accumulation of damaged or excess proteins and organelles is a defining feature of metabolic disease in nearly every tissue. Thus, a central challenge in maintaining metabolic homeostasis is the identification, sequestration, and degradation of these cellular components, including protein aggregates, mitochondria,...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Evans TD,Sergin I,Zhang X,Razani B

更新日期：2017-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) is ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues and is involved in a wide range of biological processes. Although MAPKs have been intensely studied, identification of their substrates remains challenging. We have optimized a chem...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Carlson SM,Chouinard CR,Labadorf A,Lam CJ,Schmelzle K,Fraenkel E,White FM

更新日期：2011-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Dickkopf1 (DKK1) was originally identified as an antagonist of Wnt signaling that binds to and induces the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of the Wnt coreceptors low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 (LRP5/6). DKK1 also binds to cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4), which was originally identifi...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Sada R,Kimura H,Fukata Y,Fukata M,Yamamoto H,Kikuchi A

更新日期：2019-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemokine CXCL12 released from early stage pancreatic cancer recruits Schwann cells and suppresses pain signaling. ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Gough NR

更新日期：2017-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are implicated in a broad spectrum of cellular activities, such as growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and metabolism. Activation of class I PI3Ks by mutation or overexpression correlates with the development and maintenance of various human cancers. These PI3Ks are he...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Vadas O,Burke JE,Zhang X,Berndt A,Williams RL

更新日期：2011-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells is controlled by nutrients, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Unlike the latter, which work through classic receptors, glucose and most other nutrients do not interact with membrane receptors but must be metabolized by β cells to induce insulin secretion. Studies have revealed ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Henquin JC

更新日期：2012-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Birth defects of the heart and face are common, and most have no known genetic cause, suggesting a role for environmental factors. Maternal fever during the first trimester is an environmental risk factor linked to these defects. Neural crest cells are precursor populations essential to the development of both at-risk...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Hutson MR,Keyte AL,Hernández-Morales M,Gibbs E,Kupchinsky ZA,Argyridis I,Erwin KN,Pegram K,Kneifel M,Rosenberg PB,Matak P,Xie L,Grandl J,Davis EE,Katsanis N,Liu C,Benner EJ

更新日期：2017-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and stimulate the innate immune response through the production of cytokines. The innate immune response depends on the timing of encountering PAMPs, suggesting a short-term "memory." In particular, activation of TLR3 appears to prime ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Liu B,Liu Q,Yang L,Palaniappan SK,Bahar I,Thiagarajan PS,Ding JL

更新日期：2016-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the complex dynamics of growth factor signaling requires both mechanistic and kinetic information. Although signaling dynamics have been studied for pathways downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases and G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein)-coupled receptors, they have not been inv...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Vizán P,Miller DS,Gori I,Das D,Schmierer B,Hill CS

更新日期：2013-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The differentiation of fibroblasts into a transient population of highly activated, extracellular matrix (ECM)-producing myofibroblasts at sites of tissue injury is critical for normal tissue repair. Excessive myofibroblast accumulation and persistence, often as a result of a failure to undergo apoptosis when tissue r...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Selvarajah B,Azuelos I,Platé M,Guillotin D,Forty EJ,Contento G,Woodcock HV,Redding M,Taylor A,Brunori G,Durrenberger PF,Ronzoni R,Blanchard AD,Mercer PF,Anastasiou D,Chambers RC

更新日期：2019-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The postsynaptic site of neurons is composed of more than 1500 proteins arranged in protein-protein interaction complexes, the composition of which is modulated by protein phosphorylation through the actions of complex signaling networks. Components of these networks function as key regulators of synaptic plasticity, ...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Li J,Wilkinson B,Clementel VA,Hou J,O'Dell TJ,Coba MP

更新日期：2016-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxytocin and vasopressin mediate various physiological functions that are important for osmoregulation, reproduction, cardiovascular function, social behavior, memory, and learning through four G protein-coupled receptors that are also implicated in high-profile disorders. Targeting these receptors is challenging beca...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Muttenthaler M,Andersson Å,Vetter I,Menon R,Busnelli M,Ragnarsson L,Bergmayr C,Arrowsmith S,Deuis JR,Chiu HS,Palpant NJ,O'Brien M,Smith TJ,Wray S,Neumann ID,Gruber CW,Lewis RJ,Alewood PF

更新日期：2017-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:l-Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, with postsynaptic responses to its release predominantly mediated by AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs). A critical component of synaptic plasticity involves changes in the number of responding postsynaptic receptors, which are dynamically recruited...

journal_title：Science signaling

authors： Buonarati OR,Hammes EA,Watson JF,Greger IH,Hell JW

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00