The Incidence of Posterior Malleolar Involvement in Distal Spiral Tibia Fractures: Is it Higher than We Think?

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:To investigate the incidence of concomitant posterior malleolar fractures (PMFs) in operative, distal-third, spiral tibia fractures. DESIGN:Prospective protocol with retrospective review of data. SETTING:Single, Level 1 trauma center. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS:One hundred ninety-three consecutive, skeletally mature patients with operatively treated fractures of the distal-third, tibial shaft and metaphysis. Pilon fractures were excluded. INTERVENTION:Computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained in all distal-third, spiral fractures of the tibia to determine fracture morphology and presence of a PMF. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS:The incidence of concurrent PMFs in operative spiral fractures of the distal tibia. RESULTS:Twenty-six distal-third, spiral fractures were identified with an ipsilateral PMF diagnosed in 92.3% of cases (24 cases). PMFs were over 25 times more likely to occur in distal-third, spiral fractures when compared with other distal-third fracture patterns (relative risk = 25.7, 95% confidence interval, 11.6-56.8). PMFs were treated with supplemental fixation in 23/24 (95.8%) cases. CONCLUSIONS:There is a high incidence of concomitant, ipsilateral fractures of the posterior malleolus in patients presenting with operative distal-third, spiral fractures of the tibia. A preoperative ankle computed tomography should be strongly considered in all cases with this specific fracture morphology. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

journal_name

J Orthop Trauma

authors

Sobol GL,Shaath MK,Reilly MC,Adams MR,Sirkin MS

doi

10.1097/BOT.0000000000001307

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-11-01 00:00:00

pages

543-547

issue

11

eissn

0890-5339

issn

1531-2291

journal_volume

32

pub_type

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