Abstract：
:One hundred and eighteen doctors who treat pulmonary neoplasms in Ontario were asked how they would wish to be treated if they had non-small cell lung cancer. Four different scenarios were given. The physicians were then asked if they would consent to take part as subjects in one or more clinical trials for which they would be eligible in those situations. The proportion of respondents who would consent to each study ranged from 11% to 64%. Reasons given for refusing to participate as subjects in each trial were varied, but many felt that the trials offered unacceptable options for treatment. Medical oncologists consented to each study more frequently than radiation oncologists, respirologists or thoracic surgeons but all disciplines ranked the 6 studies in the same order of acceptability. It is concluded that some patients with non-oat cell lung cancer currently receive experimental therapies with high risk/benefits ratios which experts in the field would not accept for themselves. It is suggested that the expert surrogate system may be useful as an adjunct to the institutional review board in evaluating new trials before they are activated.
journal_name
Br J Cancerjournal_title
British journal of cancerauthors
Mackillop WJ,Ward GK,O'Sullivan Bdoi
10.1038/bjc.1986.224subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-10-01 00:00:00pages
661-7issue
4eissn
0007-0920issn
1532-1827journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Minisatellite DNA probes which can detect a large number of autosomal loci dispersed throughout the human genome were used to examine the constitutional and tumour DNA of 35 patients with a variety of cancers of which eight were of gastrointestinal origin. Somatic changes were seen in the tumour DNA in ten of the 35 c...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1987.71
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhizoxin is a tubulin-binding anti-neoplastic agent which is active in a range of murine tumour models. The recommended schedule, of intravenous (i.v.) bolus administration at a dose of 2 mg m-2 every 3 weeks, has been assessed in three phase II trials of ovarian, renal and colorectal cancer. In general terms the drug...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1995.498
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We investigated whether pazopanib maintenance following first-line chemotherapy would improve survival in patients with extensive disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC). METHODS:This study is a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase II study that enroled ED-SCLC patients who had not progressed after four c...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/bjc.2017.465
更新日期：2018-03-06 00:00:00
abstract：:We present the cytogenetic investigations of five histiocytic tumour lesions from children. In four cases there was a confirmed diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and one case of histiocytosis that did not fulfil all the criteria for true LCH. All five cases showed cytogenetic abnormalities, including th...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1998.89
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Wnt-signalling has an important role in renal cancer and it is modulated by genistein in other cancers. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as new regulators of gene expression. Thus, we focused on miRNAs to examine the regulatory mechanism of genistein on the Wnt-signalling pathway in renal cell carci...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2013.173
更新日期：2013-05-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis is strictly related to well-established clinicopathological parameters which have unfortunately become insufficient in the prognostic evaluation of this type of cancer. As p53 and bcl-2 gene deregulations are frequently involved in several types of epithelial malignancies, ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1995.193
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Impaired drug transport is an important factor that reduces the efficacy of anticancer agents against pancreatic cancer. Here, we report a novel combination chemotherapy using gemcitabine (GEM) and internalised-RGD (iRGD) peptide, which enhances tumour-specific drug penetration by binding neuropilin-1 (NRP1)...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2014.49
更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate whether immunohistochemical staining patterns of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP-2 and matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 can be predictors of tumour stage and survival time in colorectal cancer. Frozen tumour sections from 212 patients operated on between Ja...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1997.466
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present multicentre randomized phase II trial, the activity and toxicity of three platinum-based combination regimens for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were evaluated. The three regimens were: MVP (mitomycin-C 6 mg m(-2) on day 1, vindesine 3 mg m(-2) on days 1 and 15, and cisplat...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/bjc.1998.393
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo DNA damage and repair was induced by nicotinamide (NAM) in adenotype 12 virus-induced mouse sarcoma A12B3 and sarcoma F inoculated into CBA mice. DNA damage, NAM and NAD concentrations were measured after in vivo exposure to NAM, in tumours and spleens by alkaline elution and by HPLC analysis. Our results indi...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1996.367
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Type 1 family of growth factor receptors includes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-erbB-2, c-erbB-3 and c-erbB-4. Overexpression of the first two members is associated with poorer prognosis in patients with breast carcinoma. In this study we examined the expression of c-erbB-4 protein using the monoclona...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/bjoc.1999.1057
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:When tumour tissue is unavailable, cell-free DNA (cfDNA)can serve as a surrogate for genetic analyses. Because mutated alleles in cfDNA are usually below 1%, next-generation sequencing (NGS)must be narrowed to target only clinically relevant genes. In this proof-of-concept study, we developed a panel to use ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2017.8
更新日期：2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) have replaced guaiac-based faecal occult blood test (gFOBTs) in several colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes. We aimed to evaluate the benefits of this transition based on the Wallonia-Brussels-organised CRC screening programme. METHODS:A total of 1,569,868 individ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41416-020-0754-5
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Piwi proteins and their interaction with piRNAs have rapidly emerged as important contributors to gene regulation, indicating their crucial function in germline and stem cell development. However, data on the Hiwi 1 (Hiwi) gene, one of the four human Piwi homologues, are still scarce. Therefore, we investigated the Hi...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6604653
更新日期：2008-10-07 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been found in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the role and mechanism of action of miR-23a in EOC remain unclear. METHODS:The roles of miR-23a, IKKα, and ST7L in EOC were determined by MTT, colony formation, wounding healing, transwell, flow cytometry, ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2016.244
更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Eighty-nine fresh tissue samples from flat colonic mucosa, polypoid lesions, macroscopically evident carcinomas, and metastatic carcinomas from ten patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis (greater than or equal to 8 years duration) were analysed by DNA flow cytometry and light microscopy. Of a total of ten carci...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1991.302
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A human tamoxifen-resistant mammary carcinoma, MaCa 3366/TAM, originating from a sensitive parental xenograft 3366 was successfully established by treatment of tumour-bearing nude mice with 1-50 mg kg(-1) tamoxifen for 3 years during routine passaging. Both tumours did not differ significantly in OR- and PR-positivity...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/bjoc.2000.1156
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown previously that the relative expression of a truncated oestrogen receptor-alpha variant mRNA (ER clone 4) is significantly increased in axillary node-positive primary breast tumours compared with node-negative tumours. In this study, we have examined the relative expression of clone 4-truncated, exon 5-d...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6690156
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The novel compound 7(-)[4'-(2-nitroimidazol-l-yl)-butyl]-theophylline (NITP) can be used as an immunologically detectable probe for hypoxic cells. Because of the limited water solubility of NITP, it has been administered dissolved in peanut oil with 10% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). A new aqueous formulation has been dev...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1995.530
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with decreased adhesion and acquisition of metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is mediated, in part, by two transcription repressors, Snail and Slug, that are known to be targets of the Notch signaling path...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6605486
更新日期：2010-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Malignancy alters cellular complex lipid metabolism and membrane lipid composition and turnover. Here, we investigated whether tumorigenesis in cancer-derived prostate epithelial cell lines influences protein kinase C-linked turnover of ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (EtnPGs) and alters the pattern of ethano...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2014.457
更新日期：2014-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis and follow-up of patients with bladder cancer rely on invasive procedures (cystoscopy with biopsy). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technologies may allow the sensitive detection of cancer-related genetic mutations in exfoliated tumour material, potentially allowing the development of less invasive...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/bjoc.1999.0890
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Collagen breakdown, and thus bone resorption, can now be assessed by measuring the urinary excretion of the collagen crosslinks, pyridinoline (Pyd) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd). In a pilot study we measured Pyd and Dpd in 20 patients with breast cancer, ten with known bone metastases and ten with no recognised metastas...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1991.419
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The National Registry of Childhood Tumours contains over 51000 records of children born in Great Britain who developed cancer under the age of 15 years. Patterns of childhood cancer among families containing more than one child with cancer have been studied. A total of 225 "sib pair' families have been ascertained fro...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1996.331
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clearance of an intradermally-injected solution of 133Xenon in 0.9% saline has been used to study the impairment and recovery of blood flow in mouse tail for 5 days following photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 2mg TPPS i.v. per mouse and a range of doses of white light. Impairment of blood flow was observed within 10...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1988.105
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trastuzumab is the only HER2/neu-directed therapy to have received Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. The efficacy of trastuzumab depends on the HER2/neu status of the tumour and the patient's prior treatment, but even when patients are selected on the ba...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6602926
更新日期：2006-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We analysed critically the potential usefulness of RNA- and DNA-based biomarkers in supporting conventional histological diagnostic tests for prostate carcinoma (PCa) detection. METHODS:Microarray profiling of gene expression and DNA methylation was performed on 16 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 32 ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2014.337
更新日期：2014-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:We have established a novel ascites tumour model (MDA435/LCC6) from the oestrogen receptor-negative, invasive and metastatic MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cell line. MDA435/LCC6 cells grow as both malignant ascites and solid tumours in vivo in nude mice and nude rats, with a tumour incidence of approximately 100%. Un...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1996.29
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study we have used flow cytometric DNA measurements on synchronised human NHIK 3025 cells to measure cell cycle progression under various conditions of reduced oxygenation. Our data indicate that addition of 0.1 mM deoxycytidine or uridine has no effect on the oxygen-dependent arrest in late G1 or on th...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1994.411
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eighteen consecutive patients with measurable locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were treated with goserelin (Zoladex) 3.6 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks. Hydrocortisone 20 milligrams twice daily was commenced with the second injection of goserelin. Objective tumour response was monitored by com...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1993.69
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
