The Gulf War Era Cohort and Biorepository: A Longitudinal Research Resource of Veterans of the 1990-1991 Gulf War Era.

abstract：:Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been shown to be effective in different populations, but data among injection drug users are limited. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected injection drug users recruited into the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Link to Intravenous Experiences (ALIVE) Study as early ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Vlahov D,Galai N,Safaeian M,Galea S,Kirk GD,Lucas GM,Sterling TR

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Barnes Hospital Employee Health Service (St. Louis, Missouri) rubella screening program was evaluated over the 5-year period between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 1990. A total of 6,969 new employees were hired, and 6,115 (87.7%) were screened for evidence of rubella immunity by the Employee Health Service. Ru...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Fraser V,Spitznagel E,Medoff G,Dunagan WC

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to community concerns, we used the Tribal Participatory Research framework in collaboration with 5 American-Indian communities in Washington, Idaho, and Montana to identify the appropriate criteria for aggregating health data on small tribes. Across tribal sites, 10 key informant interviews and 10 focus gr...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Van Dyke ER,Blacksher E,Echo-Hawk AL,Bassett D,Harris RM,Buchwald DS

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A population-based, case-control study of laryngeal cancer was conducted in Shanghai, China, during 1988-1990, in which 201 incident cases (177 males, 24 females) and 414 controls (269 males, 145 females) were interviewed. Cigarette smoking was the major risk factor, accounting for 86% of the male and 54% of the femal...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Zheng W,Blot WJ,Shu XO,Gao YT,Ji BT,Ziegler RG,Fraumeni JF Jr

更新日期：1992-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors evaluated indoor air pollution from coal combustion (IAPCC) as a potential risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs) in a rural population in Shanxi Province, China. The studied rural population has both high IAPCC exposure and a high prevalence of NTDs. A population-based case-control study was used to i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Li Z,Zhang L,Ye R,Pei L,Liu J,Zheng X,Ren A

更新日期：2011-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimentally, high-carbohydrate diets have been shown to elevate triglycerides, but it has not been established whether this rise is permanent or transient. The authors approached this question by studying 719 boys from worldwide populations with marked differences in long-term carbohydrate intake. Fasting serum tri...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： West CE,Sullivan DR,Katan MB,Halferkamps IL,van der Torre HW

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiences of discrimination are associated with increased risk of adverse health outcomes; however, it is unknown whether discrimination is related to incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes). We investigated the associations of major experiences of discrimination (unfair treatment in 6 situations) and everyday ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Whitaker KM,Everson-Rose SA,Pankow JS,Rodriguez CJ,Lewis TT,Kershaw KN,Diez Roux AV,Lutsey PL

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors investigated timing and trajectories of fetal growth in relation to childhood development in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development-Scandinavian Study of Successive Small-for-Gestational Age Births (1986-1988) (n = 1,059). Fetal size was assessed by ultrasound at 17, 25, and 33 gestat...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： von Ehrenstein OS,Mikolajczyk RT,Zhang J

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to identify individual predisposing risk indicators for falls in a sample of institutionalized frail elderly in southern Germany. The design was a prospective observational study with a 1-year follow-up (October 1998-September 1999). The study population included 472 long-term-care residents ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kron M,Loy S,Sturm E,Nikolaus T,Becker C

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From March to July of 2011, the authors investigated the prospective association between illicit drug use and cognitive functioning during the midadult years. A total of 8,992 participants who were surveyed at 42 years of age in the National Child Development Study (1999-2000) were included. The authors analyzed data ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dregan A,Gulliford MC

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Before the 1970s, today's older Americans were exposed to high levels of lead in the environment. The authors previously reported that lifetime cumulative lead dose was associated with lower cognitive test performance in older adults. Experiments suggest that environmental stress may intensify the detrimental influenc...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Glass TA,Bandeen-Roche K,McAtee M,Bolla K,Todd AC,Schwartz BS

更新日期：2009-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the relationship of per capita coffee imports and consumption, total dietary fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, tobacco, cigarettes, and national income for 1957-1965 to age-adjusted pancreatic cancer death rates of men and women from 22 countries in 1971-1974. With simple correlation analysis, coffe...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Binstock M,Krakow D,Stamler J,Reiff J,Persky V,Liu K,Moss D

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged on the Indian subcontinent in late 1992 and was first recognized in Thailand in 1993. To characterize the epidemiology of this disease, a hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Samutsakorn, a port city 30 km southwest of Bangkok. Between November 15, 1993, and June 3, 19...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hoge CW,Bodhidatta L,Echeverria P,Deesuwan M,Kitporka P

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genes glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) (chromosome 1p13.3) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) (22q11.2) code for cytosolic enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST)-mu and GST-theta, respectively, which are involved in phase 2 metabolism. Both genes may be deleted. There is geographic and ethnic variation ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Cotton SC,Sharp L,Little J,Brockton N

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the differences in cancer incidence between boys and girls. The incidence data for pediatric cancers were retrieved from the International Incidence of Childhood Cancer project (1990-2015). Poisson regression was applied to detect the sex differences in cancer incidence at global and regional levels. B...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Liu Z,Yang Q,Cai N,Jin L,Zhang T,Chen X

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) varies considerably and may be influenced by factors such as age, smoking, number of male partners per year, and CD4 T-lymphocyte count. The loss of CD4 lymphocytes is known to be the dominant factor...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Begtrup K,Melbye M,Biggar RJ,Goedert JJ,Knudsen K,Andersen PK

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to assess the relation between maternal multivitamin use and risk for cardiac defects in the offspring, using a population-based approach. The Atlanta Birth Defects Case-Control study is a population-based case-control study of infants born between 1968 and 1980 to mothers residing in met...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Botto LD,Mulinare J,Erickson JD

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Controlling for body size and composition, the authors examined the association between estrogen therapy and bone mineral density in older African-American and Caucasian women. In 1992-1998, 443 African-American and 989 Caucasian women aged 45-87 years were assessed for medication use, laboratory variables, behavioral...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Eskridge SL,Morton DJ,Kritz-Silverstein D,Barrett-Connor E,Wingard D,Wooten W

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the Nepal Blindness Survey, 39,887 people in 105 sites were examined by 10 ophthalmologists from Nepal and four other countries during 1981. Ophthalmic protocols were pretested on approximately 3000 subjects; however, interobserver variability was inevitable. To quantify the amount of variability and assess the rel...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brilliant LB,Lepkowski JM,Musch DC

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the relationship of smoking to breast cancer risk, the authors conducted a case-control study involving 1,547 patients and 1,930 controls identified between 1973 and 1980 through a nationwide screening program. There was no evidence that smoking affected risk (relative risk (RR) = 1.2), nor were there a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brinton LA,Schairer C,Stanford JL,Hoover RN

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increased recognition that determinants of health should be investigated in a life-course perspective. Retirement is a major transition in the life course and offers opportunities for changes in physical activity that may improve health in the aging population. The authors examined the effect of retirement on...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Slingerland AS,van Lenthe FJ,Jukema JW,Kamphuis CB,Looman C,Giskes K,Huisman M,Narayan KM,Mackenbach JP,Brug J

更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies suggest that micronutrients, especially folate, calcium, iron, and antioxidant vitamins, affect the risk of colorectal neoplasia. The objective of this case-control study was to examine the association between these micronutrients and the risk of colorectal adenomas. The study was based on 236 cases wit...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tseng M,Murray SC,Kupper LL,Sandler RS

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An episode is described in which tissue culture in a laboratory could have become intoxicated due to the recirculation of toxic exhaust fumes extruded from the roof of a research institution. A route of entry was found whereby a portion of fume hood exhaust was reintroduced into the building by means of large intake f...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Cohen D,Wanner RG

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the mid-19th century, the German hygienist Max von Pettenkofer viewed cholera as resulting from the interaction between a postulated cholera germ and the characteristics of soils. In order to cause cholera, the cholera germ had to become a cholera miasma, but this transformation required prolonged contact of the ge...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Morabia A

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In public health, it has long been observed that "place"-specifically, where one lives-affects individual health, with the main research question distinguishing between the effects of "context" (defined as area characteristics) and "composition" (the characteristics of inhabitants) on health outcomes. There have been ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Cozier YC

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:No large national studies of ethnic differences in blood pressure among children accounting for body size differences have been published, to the authors' knowledge. This report details the similarities and differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressures between Black children and White children in the United St...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rosner B,Prineas R,Daniels SR,Loggie J

更新日期：2000-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in young children indicates recent tuberculosis (TB) transmission. We reviewed surveillance reports of children with LTBI to assess whether more follow-up is needed to prevent TB in this high-risk population. Data on all children under 5 years of age who were report...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Slutsker JS,Trieu L,Crossa A,Ahuja SD

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several lines of evidence support the notion that elevated blood viscosity may predispose to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus by limiting delivery of glucose, insulin, and oxygen to metabolically active tissues. To test this hypothesis, the authors analyzed longitudinal data on 12,881 initially nondiabe...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tamariz LJ,Young JH,Pankow JS,Yeh HC,Schmidt MI,Astor B,Brancati FL

更新日期：2008-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The term shoe-leather epidemiology is often synonymous with field epidemiology or intervention epidemiology. All 3 terms imply investigations initiated in response to urgent public health problems and for which the investigative team does much of its work in the field (i.e., outside the office or laboratory). Alexande...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Koo D,Thacker SB

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors assessed the relation between cigarette smoking and nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease in a case-control study of 124 cases of ulcerative colitis, 109 cases of Crohn's disease, and 250 age- and sex-matched control subjects in hospital for acute nongastric or intestinal conditions unrelated to smoking. ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Franceschi S,Panza E,La Vecchia C,Parazzini F,Decarli A,Bianchi Porro G

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00