Abstract:
PURPOSE:To develop a reliable and efficient digital method to quantify planimetric Goldmann visual field (GVF) data to monitor disease course and treatment responses in retinal degenerative diseases. METHODS:A novel method to digitally quantify GVFs using Adobe Photoshop CS3 was developed for comparison to traditional digital planimetry (Placom 45C digital planimeter; Engineer Supply, Lynchburg, Virginia, USA). GVFs from 20 eyes from 10 patients with Stargardt disease were quantified to assess the difference between the two methods (a total of 230 measurements per method). This quantification approach was also applied to 13 patients with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) with mutations in RPGR. RESULTS:Overall, measurements using Adobe Photoshop were more rapidly performed than those using conventional planimetry. Photoshop measurements also exhibited less inter- and intraobserver variability. GVF areas for the I4e isopter in patients with the same mutation in RPGR who were nearby in age had similar qualitative and quantitative areas. CONCLUSIONS:Quantification of GVFs using Adobe Photoshop is quicker, more reliable, and less user dependent than conventional digital planimetry. It will be a useful tool for both retrospective and prospective studies of disease course as well as for monitoring treatment response in clinical trials for retinal degenerative diseases.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Zahid S,Peeler C,Khan N,Davis J,Mahmood M,Heckenlively JR,Jayasundera Tdoi
10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_17subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
131-7eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
801pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The endogenous RNA interference (RNAi) pathway regulates cellular differentiation and development using small noncoding hairpin RNAs, called microRNAs. This chapter will review the link between mammalian microRNAs and genes involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Some microRNAs act as oncog...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6554-5_14
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A defining hallmark of cancer and cancer development is upregulated angiogenesis. The vasculature formed in tumors is structurally abnormal, not organized in the conventional hierarchical arrangement, and more permeable than normal vasculature. These features contribute to leaky, tortuous, and dilated blood vessels, w...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95294-9_6
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin secretion in humans is usually induced by mixed meals, which upon ingestion, increase the plasma concentration of glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, and incretins like glucagon-like peptide 1. Beta-cells can stay in the off-mode, ready-mode or on-mode; the mode-switching being determined by the open state prob...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_37
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In summary, we can come to a number of meaningful conclusions regarding chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia in rats (refer to Figure 1). First, despite an increased hematocrit, and thus increased oxygen carrying capacity, regional cerebral blood flow is elevated after 4 weeks of chronic hypobaric hypoxia. This eleva...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5643-1_52
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a new 4-dimensional differentiation model of growth-cartilage cells (temporally and spatially regulated). composed of a high-density suspension culture of rabbit costal chondrocytes. In this system, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) stimulated proliferation and m...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3398-6_10
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::3D digital technologies have advanced rapidly over recent decades and they can now afford new ways of interacting with anatomical and cultural artefacts. Such technologies allow for interactive investigation of visible or non-observable surfaces, haptic generation of content and tactile experiences with digital and ph...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14227-8_7
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor exists as a complex network of structures with an ability to evolve and evade the host immune surveillance mechanism. The immune milieu which includes macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils, mast cells, B cells, and T cells are found in the core, the invasive margin, or the adjacent stro...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53156-4_1
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are one of the most common human genetic metabolic diseases caused by gene mutations. Up to now, more than 70 LSDs have been identified and mainly divided into five categories. LSDs are mainly caused by defects in the function of enzymes or lysosomal-related proteins in lysosomes, wh...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-15-4272-5_5
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane-covered polarographic sensors were designed by Leland Clark several decades ago. The membrane covering was a brilliant innovation because it provided an isolation of electrochemical elements from the external environment. These sensors have found a wide range of applications in many aspects of medicine, resea...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0205-0_25
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many years, the nuclear envelope was viewed as a passive barrier that separates the genetic material in the nucleus from the cytoplasm of the cell and permits regulated trafficking of various molecules through the nuclear pores. Research in the past two decades has shown that the nuclear envelope is a complex cell...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-8032-8_10
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-related impairment of central functions is though to result from alterations of neurochemical indices of synaptic function. These neurochemical modifications involve structural proteins, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and related receptors. Several studies demonstrated that GABA receptors, glutamic acid decarbox...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_20
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to differentiate between well-oxygenated and poorly-oxygenated tumors may play an important role in selecting an optimal therapeutic regime for tumor treatment of the individual patient. We present preliminary results in the development of a dynamic functional MRI method for mapping tissue oxygenation and ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0075-9_42
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atomic force microscopy employs a nanometric tip located at the end of a micro-cantilever to probe surface-mounted samples at nanometer resolution. Because the technique can also work in a liquid environment it offers unique possibilities to study individual viruses under conditions that mimic their natural milieu. He...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14741-9_8
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In isometric contraction, a high proportion of crossbridges are always in the attached state and crossbridge cycling is slow. During shortening, crossbridges must be entering the detached state at a higher rate, as they come to the end of their working strokes. The size of the population of detached crossbridges will ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During each step of prostate cancer metastasis, cancer displays phenotypic plasticity that is associated with the expression of both epithelial and mesenchymal properties or an epithelial to mesenchymal transition. This phenotypic transition is typically in response to microenvironment signals and is the basis for bas...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0254-1_7
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenously expressed non-coding RNAs discovered in the early 1990s as a transcriptional by-product of little importance. It was only recently that they were identified as a key player in regulating the gene expression by targeting and modulating the functions of microRNA, a process known...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_18
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The solar ultraviolet-B (UVB)/vitamin D/cancer hypothesis was proposed by the brothers Cedric and Frank Garland in 1980. In 2002, the list was increased to 15 types of cancer using data in the 1999 version of the atlas of cancer mortality rates in the United States. Ecological studies of cancer incidence and/or mortal...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0437-2_4
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Memory T-cell generation is limited by activation-induced cell death during the effector T-cell stage. Cell surface proteins are known to transmit signals that either accentuate or limit T-cell death after activation. This chapter will focus on the TNF-receptor family member OX40, which is expressed on effector T cell...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6451-9_5
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent years have seen the emergence of advances in imaging technology that enable in vivo evaluation of the living retina. Two of the more promising techniques, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and adaptive optics (AO) fundus imaging provide complementary views of the retinal tissue. SD-OCT devic...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1399-9_35
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macaca, Callithrix jacchus marmoset monkey, Pan troglodytes chimpanzee and human retinas were examined to define if short wavelength (S) cones share molecular markers with L&M cone or rod photoreceptors. S cones showed consistent differences in their immunohistochemical staining and expression levels compared to L&M c...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_7
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The food industries need rapid and affordable methods to assure the quality ofproducts and process control. Biosensors, combining a biological recognition element and a sensitive transducer, are versatile analytical tools that offer advantages as classical analytical methods due to their inherent specificity, selectiv...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7347-4_22
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review Clan CA Family C1 peptidases of kinetoplastid parasites (Trypanosoma and Leishmania) with respect to biochemical and genetic diversity, genomic organization and stage-specificity and control of expression. We discuss their contributions to parasite metabolism, virulence and pathogenesis and modulation of the...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8414-2_6
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway has an essential role in signal transduction, where it is required for a number of different cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, development, migration and growth. In the immune system, PI3K regulates inflammation by controlling the activation a...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15774-0_9
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the visible/NIR (600-900 nm) three different redox centres are potentially detectable in vivo in mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase: haem a (605nm), the binuclear haem a3/CuB centre (655 nm) and CuA (830 nm). In this paper we report changes in the steady state reduction of these centres following increases in the r...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-85998-9_19
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review of the effects of hemidecortication in humans has been limited to studies of cognitive outcome published during the last 20 years. More directly than in the case of split-brain patients, the patients reviewed here attest to the remarkable ability of a single hemisphere, whether left or right, to support at...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3420-4_8
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sow infected with virulent transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) shed virulent virus in her feces for 18 months. The virus was isolated from rectal swabs beginning 2 days postexposure (PE) and continued at irregular intervals. Virus shedding was detected on 24 separate occasions. The titer of the virus shed ran...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_83
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP) can be treated using very different regimens of antimicrobial administration, regimens that result in different pharmacokinetic outcomes and systemic exposure levels. Currently, there is no population-level pharmacokinetic framework germane to the treatment of PDAP. We...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7046-6_40
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myotonic dystrophies (DM) are rare inherited neuromuscular disorders linked to microsatellite unstable expansions in non-coding regions of ubiquitously expressed genes. The DMPK and ZNF9/CNBP genes which mutations are responsible for DM1 and DM2 respectively. DM are multisystemic disorders with brain affection and cog...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9358-8_17
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::12(S)-HETE stimulates gene and cell surface expression of the integrin GPIIb/IIIa in carcinoma cells. The cells have high affinity binding sites for 12(S)-HETE. Analyses of the subcellular distribution and size of these sites showed that cytosol was the predominant location and that the apparent molecular weight was c...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5325-0_41
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is an intracellular degradation and recycling machinery by which cellular materials are delivered to the lysosome for disposal. Beyond lysosomal degradation, autophagy genes play additional roles in secretion and membrane-trafficking pathways. Ranging from cell-intrinsic and cell-type-specific regulation of ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0606-2_10
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00