Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Estimates of the number of firearm-related injuries widely vary. Although focus has been primarily on deaths, the societal cost of caring for victims of these injuries is largely unknown. Our goal was to estimate the economic impact of nonfatal, firearm-related injuries in the United States based on recent, publically available data. METHODS:We queried several national registries for hospital and emergency department (ED) discharges from 2006 to 2010 to estimate the annual incidence of firearm-related injuries. The cost of direct medical services and lost productivity from firearm-related injuries were extrapolated from recently published estimates. To identify potentially important trends, we compared the economic impact and payor mix for firearm-related injuries in 2006 with those in 2010. RESULTS:During the 5-year analytic period, we identified 385,769 (SE = 29,328) firearm-related ED visits resulting in 141,914 (SE = 14,243) hospital admissions, costing more than $88 billion (SE = $8.0 billion). Between 2006 and 2010, there was a decrease in the rate of hospital visits from 6.65 per 10,000 visits in 2006 to 5.76 per 10,000 visits in 2010 (P < .001). Similarly, the rate of hospital admissions and ED visits without admission decreased from 2.58 per 10,000 to 1.96 per 10,000 (P < .001) and 4.08 per 10,000 to 3.79 per 10,000 (P < .001). Regression of the economic costs from 2006 to 2010, adjusted for Consumer Price Index, showed no change (P = .15). There was a decrease in the proportion of Uninsured between 2006 and 2010 from 51.6% to 46.78% (P < .001). CONCLUSION:Firearm-related injuries are a major economic burden to not only the American health care system but also to American society. The incidence of these injuries has decreased slightly from 2006 to 2010, with no change in the economic burden. Research aimed at understanding the associated financial, social, health, and disability-related issues related to firearm injuries is necessary and would likely enhance our knowledge of the causes of these events, and may accelerate development of interventions and policies to decrease the staggering medical and societal cost of gun violence.
journal_name
Surgeryjournal_title
Surgeryauthors
Lee J,Quraishi SA,Bhatnagar S,Zafonte RD,Masiakos PTdoi
10.1016/j.surg.2014.02.011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-05-01 00:00:00pages
894-8issue
5eissn
0039-6060issn
1532-7361pii
S0039-6060(14)00060-9journal_volume
155pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
SURGERY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:In sepsis red blood cells (RBCs) have been shown to be less deformable (i.e., more rigid) and have been implicated in decreasing nutrient blood supply and possibly leading to organ dysfunction. However, no studies have demonstrated an association between organ dysfunction and rigid RBCs. This study examined ...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), a component of the chromatin modification protein complex, is upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), whereas loss of p53 and its downstream target, p21(waf1/cip1), is also observed frequently. We sought to investigate the role of the p53-p21(waf1/cip1) path...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2013.06.041
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The most common cause of noncurative resection and recurrence is gastric cancer is peritoneal seeding. However, the results of treatment of peritoneal dissemination with chemotherapy have been poor with 5-year survival rates of 0%. METHODS:A new in vitro thermochemosensitivity test was performed on gastric ...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0039-6060(96)80145-0
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of systemic interleukin-2 (IL-2) immunotherapy is dependent on a competent host immune response. This study demonstrated that protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) inhibited the generation of an antitumor response to IL-2. A/J mice received an isocaloric diet of 2.5% or 24% casein 8 weeks before inoculation ...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study was conducted to identify the relevant cutoff value and to evaluate the usefulness of postoperative-stimulated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) at the time of (131)I ablation for the prediction of disease status in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) who received high-dose (131)I ablation...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2012.12.008
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term results of Dacron and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) aortic bifurcation grafts in a prospective randomized manner. METHODS:Sixty patients with aortoiliac occlusive disease were randomized to receive Dacron or PTFE bifurcation grafts. Preoperative risk f...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0039-6060(05)80223-5
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, measurements were made of basal and stimulated levels of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH). The basal PTH values were elevated in all but six of 89 patients and provided clear separation towards normal individuals (n = 75) and patients with hypercalcemia of other origin (n ...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There are few population-based studies addressing the survival after resection for esophageal cancer. This study represents an update of a nationwide Swedish cohort initiated in 1987. METHODS:Based on data from the Swedish Patient Register, Swedish Cancer Register, and histopathologic records, 1,008 patient...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2012.03.025
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An evaluation of the in situ bacteriologic status of a total parenteral nutrition (TPN) catheter, when the patient is pyretic but the cause of infection is not obvious, permits continued use of the catheter if the result is negative, as opposed to removal of the suspected catheter. To find a predictive value for the i...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isolation and characterization of oncogenes from human colon cancer and the recognition of their homology with the ras gene of the Harvey and Kirsten strain of murine sarcoma virus (MSV) led us to investigate the effect of exogenous MSV on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinoma in rats. DMH, 20 mg bas...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We aimed to assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of radiofrequency (RF) ablation for the treatment of large (≥5 cm in greatest diameter) hepatic hemangiomas. METHODS:Thirty-six patients (15 male, 21 female; mean age 50 years) with 41 hepatic hemangiomas ≥5 cm in diameter were enrolled and treated wit...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2012.06.004
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:From a post hoc analysis a hypothesis was generated that women deposit more collagen in a surrogate test wound than men. The purpose of this study has been to verify this hypothesis prospectively in a controlled study. METHODS:Post hoc analyses were done on 37 volunteers (study A). The prospective trial inc...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/msy.2002.119986
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Parathyroidectomy (PTX) is the only curative treatment for tertiary hyperparathyroidism (3HPT). With the introduction of calcimimetics (cinacalcet), PTX can sometimes be delayed or avoided. The purpose of this study was to determine the current incidence of utilization of PTX in patients with posttransplant ...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2015.08.039
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A protein kinase activity completely dependent on Mn2+ was studied in the cytosolic fraction from rabbit-isolated gastric glands. The manganese-dependent protein kinase (MNPK) activity phosphorylated major 33 kd (pp33) and minor 140 kd (pp140) endogenous proteins. The MNPK activity displayed a Kact for Mn2+ of 7.5 mmo...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Augmentation of cutaneous blood flow by postganglionic lumbar sympathectomy may not reflect an increase in nutritive vascular supply to the dermal tissues. Transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPO2) was compared with radionuclide microsphere determination of dermal microcirculation in a hind limb sympathectomy model in 20 ...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Very late activation-2 (VLA-2) is an integrin receptor for laminin that consists of an alpha 2- and a beta 1-subunit. In human breast cancer, down-regulation of VLA-2 expression is related to positive nodal status. The functional significance of altered integrin expression in individual patients has never be...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0039-6060(05)80330-7
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM), a common complication of current immunosuppressive regimens, has been attributed to the diabetogenic effects of prednisone and cyclosporine. We report our experience with steroid withdrawal (SW) in renal allograft recipients with PTDM. METHODS:SW was attempted o...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Glucagon-like peptide-2 induces small intestine mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and may have benefit for patients who suffer from short bowel syndrome. However, glucagon-like peptide-2 is inactivated rapidly in vivo by dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Therefore, we hypothesized that selectively inhibiting dipe...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2011.05.013
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute respiratory failure is a common, life-threatening complication after severe trauma. Polymorphisms in cytokine genes, linked to cytokine inducibility, may influence the susceptibility to acute respiratory failure and serve as risk predictors. METHODS:This PROSPECTIVE cohort study (n = 100) included Cau...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2007.07.040
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Beta-cell destruction in type I diabetes mellitus results from a chronic autoimmune process. Exposure of thymic T cells to islet antigens during the prehyperglycemic phase of diabetes may alter the likelihood of autoimmune damage to beta cells in the native pancreas. Thus we evaluated whether prophylactic ma...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intra-arterial injections and infusions of three adrenergic amines upon hepatic arterial blood flow were measured in anesthetized baboons before and after alpha and beta adrenergic blockade with intravenous phenoxybenzamine and propranolol. Injections of norepinephrine or epinephrine caused dose-depende...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis and impaired liver function is usually unjustified because of higher surgical risks and poorer long-term prognosis. METHODS:A retrospective comparison of the background and resectional results of patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular car...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0039-6060(96)80238-8
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accuracy and clinical applications of noninvasive imaging of the extracranial carotid arteries were compared using pulsed Doppler and real-time B-mode ultrasonography. During the period December, 1977, to February, 1979, 530 ultrasonograms (265 patients) were performed. Angiographic correlations were available in 90 p...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pathways critical for neuroblastoma cancer stem cell function are targeted by 4,19,27-triacetyl withalongolide A (WGA-TA). Because neuroblastoma cells and their cancer stem cells highly overexpress the scavenger receptor class B type 1 receptor that binds to synthetic high-density lipoprotein, we hypothesize...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2018.01.023
更新日期:2018-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::A 30-channel pulsed Doppler vessel imaging system (MAVIS, GEC Medical, Middlesex, England), was used to obtain images and maximal Doppler velocity time waveforms in the diagnosis of stenosis of the origin of the profunda femoris artery (PFA) and in the detection of structural changes within Dacron arterial grafts. In ...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormalities of the immune response are commonly observed after surgery. In many cases, they are part of a physiologic rather than of a pathologic response to trauma. In this study we show that after elective surgery in otherwise healthy subjects the B cell compartment is deeply affected, as documented by the appeara...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The impact of the location of colorectal cancer on patient outcomes has been reported in several settings. The objective of this study was to assess the prognostic impact of the location of the primary colon cancer among patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases undergoing complete cytoreductive ...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2018.07.027
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) is a product of phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis by phospholipase A2, which is associated with atherosclerosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of LysoPC on monolayer permeability of human co...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.surg.2005.06.027
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alternative methods for abdominal wall closure may be necessary after emergency laparotomy. The purpose of this study was to determine the morbidity and outcome of emergency fascial closure with polypropylene mesh. METHODS:A retrospective review was performed of all patients undergoing emergency fascial clo...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0039-6060(05)80043-1
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malignant intra-abdominal neuroendocrine tumors are rare; consequently, a standard chemotherapeutic protocol for patients with unresectable disease has not been established. This prompted a review of our experience with dimethyltriazeno imidazole carboxamide (dacarbazine) (DTIC) treatment for these tumors. From 1976 t...
journal_title:Surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00