Abstract:
:Chronic schizophrenia patients have personality abnormalities and cognitive deficits that are associated with poor clinical, social, and vocational outcomes. Very few studies have examined relationships between personality and cognitive function, and chronic illness effects may have confounded those studies. In this study personality traits in clinically stable first episode schizophrenia patients (21M, 9F) and psychiatrically healthy controls (38M, 24F) were measured with the NEO-FFI, a self-report measure of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. All subjects completed the Information, Digit Span, Vocabulary, and Digit Symbol subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; and Trails A and B. Standard statistical techniques were used to quantify relationships between personality and symptom levels and/or task performance, and relative contributions of diagnosis and task performance to personality variance. Patients showed elevated mean neuroticism and openness, and reduced mean extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness. Task performance and negative symptoms contributed significantly and uniquely to most personality dimensions in patients. Task performance accounted for significant amounts of personality variance even after accounting for diagnosis, and it also contributed to personality variance in controls. These results suggest that cognitive deficits and negative symptoms contribute to consistently observed personality abnormalities in this disorder, and that the contribution of neuropsychological performance to personality variance may be independent of diagnostic classification. Personality abnormalities in schizophrenia may stem from the neurocognitive deficits associated with this disorder, and add to their adverse effects on social and vocational functioning.
journal_name
J Psychiatr Resjournal_title
Journal of psychiatric researchauthors
Gurrera RJ,McCarley RW,Salisbury Ddoi
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.03.022subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-08-01 00:00:00pages
68-76eissn
0022-3956issn
1879-1379pii
S0022-3956(14)00104-6journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study describes the association between lifetime traumatic brain injury (TBI) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among Canadian adults. METHOD:A cross-sectional sample of 3993 Ontario adults aged 18 or older were surveyed by Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) throughout...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.08.004
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aggressive behavior and violence in psychiatric patients have often been quoted to justify more restrictive settings in psychiatric facilities. However, the effects of open vs. locked door policies on aggressive incidents remain unclear. This study had a naturalistic observational design and analyzed the occurrence of...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Adults with schizophrenia present cognitive impairments, as do individuals at ultra-high risk for the disorder, youth with relatives with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and children with antecedents of schizophrenia. The present study aimed to determine if impairments in childhood differed depending on the definiti...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
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abstract::Early life stress (ELS), in the form of childhood maltreatment, abuse, or neglect, increases the risk for psychiatric sequelae later in life. The neurobiology of response to early stress and of reward processing overlap substantially, leading to the prediction that reward processing may be a primary mediator of the ef...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Recent reports of increasing suicide rates among military personnel indicate a need for increased work in understanding processes relevant to suicide risk in the military. Anxiety, along with anxiety-related risk factors have been implicated in suicidality as well as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One such risk...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
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doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.10.009
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.12.003
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.04.017
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.03.004
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.09.007
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RESEARCH QUESTIONS:Wearing a protective mask is compulsory for those in professions such as fire-fighters, rescue personnel and soldiers. The phobia to wear a protective mask is considered a specific claustrophobia and may become of major concern during military service. To date, no data are available with respect to t...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.04.010
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-3956(85)90076-7
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.03.001
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.07.015
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.09.024
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.04.016
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suicide plans are a major risk factor for suicide, which is a devastating outcome of depression. While structural and functional brain changes have been demonstrated in relation to suicidal thoughts and behaviour, brain mechanisms underlying suicide plans have not yet been studied. Here, we studied changes in regional...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.10.011
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regular physical activity is anxiolytic in both healthy subjects and patients with panic disorder. In contrast, acute exercise may induce acute panic attacks or increase subjective anxiety in patients with panic disorder more than in other people. The effects of quiet rest or an aerobic treadmill exercise (30 min at a...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.02.004
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a major role in modulating executive control of attention. Here, 15 medication-nai ve patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 10 carefully matched healthy controls were studied with 2D (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the ACC [B...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.06.006
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0022-3956(92)90030-r
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2004.12.008
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.05.018
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Motivational impairments are a core feature of schizophrenia and although there are numerous reports studying this feature using clinical rating scales, objective behavioural assessments are lacking. Here, we use a translational paradigm to measure incentive motivation in individuals with schizophrenia. MET...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.08.003
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aggressive behavior is controlled at multiple anatomical levels within the human brain. To illustrate hierarchical neural controls over aggression, we compare and contrast the roles of the hypothalamus, amygdaloid complex, and orbital prefrontal cortex in terms of their distinctive sensory inputs, effector channels, a...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0022-3956(88)90073-8
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2004.06.001
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.01.012
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of lines of converging evidence suggest that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may play a role in the onset and treatment of bipolar disorder. We review pertinent data on BDNF from several different areas of preclinical and clinical investigation that suggest novel theoretical and treatment implication...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.09.009
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::People with psychiatric disorders are excluded from medical research to an unknown degree with unknown effects. We examined the prevalence of reported psychiatric exclusion criteria using a sample of 400 highly-cited randomized trials (2002-2010) across 20 common chronic disorders (6 psychiatric and 14 other medical d...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.08.005
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive deficits, which are core manifestations in schizophrenia and exhibit a limited response to antipsychotic treatment, contribute to poor treatment outcomes and functional disability. Evidence on the effect of aerobic walking (AW) and exercise intensity on cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia is la...
journal_title:Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.062
更新日期:2020-12-24 00:00:00