Abstract:
:The esterification of methylecgonine (2-carbomethoxy-3β-tropine) with benzoic acid is the final step in the biosynthetic pathway leading to the production of cocaine in Erythoxylum coca. Here we report the identification of a member of the BAHD family of plant acyltransferases as cocaine synthase. The enzyme is capable of producing both cocaine and cinnamoylcocaine via the activated benzoyl- or cinnamoyl-Coenzyme A thioesters, respectively. Cocaine synthase activity is highest in young developing leaves, especially in the palisade parenchyma and spongy mesophyll. These data correlate well with the tissue distribution pattern of cocaine as visualized with antibodies. Matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization mass spectral imaging revealed that cocaine and cinnamoylcocaine are differently distributed on the upper versus lower leaf surfaces. Our findings provide further evidence that tropane alkaloid biosynthesis in the Erythroxylaceae occurs in the above-ground portions of the plant in contrast with the Solanaceae, in which tropane alkaloid biosynthesis occurs in the roots.
journal_name
Plant Physioljournal_title
Plant physiologyauthors
Schmidt GW,Jirschitzka J,Porta T,Reichelt M,Luck K,Torre JC,Dolke F,Varesio E,Hopfgartner G,Gershenzon J,D'Auria JCdoi
10.1104/pp.114.248187subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
89-101issue
1eissn
0032-0889issn
1532-2548pii
pp.114.248187journal_volume
167pub_type
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