Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Kenyan Adolescents With the Sickle Cell Trait.

abstract：:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common worldwide perinatal infection. Although usually asymptomatic, it may cause deafness in up to 15% of these infants. A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the age-specific prevalence of CMV seropositivity in Chinese children and to determine if any risk factors for infectio...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Liu Z,Wang E,Taylor W,Yu H,Wu T,Wan Z,Huang Y,Ni Z,Sackett D

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Periconceptional intake of folic acid prevents some neural tube defects (NTDs). Other nutrients may also contribute to NTD etiologies; a likely candidate is choline. Similar to folic acid, choline is involved in one-carbon metabolism for methylation of homocysteine to methionine. The authors investigated whether mater...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Shaw GM,Carmichael SL,Yang W,Selvin S,Schaffer DM

更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether caffeine consumption during pregnancy represents a fetal hazard remains uncertain. The authors report on a large prospective study designed to examine this question. In 1996-2000, 2,291 mothers with singleton livebirths in Connecticut and Massachusetts were evaluated after their first prenatal visit and were q...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bracken MB,Triche EW,Belanger K,Hellenbrand K,Leaderer BP

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship of the risk of cancer and death to total serum cholesterol was studied in a random population sample from two counties of Eastern Finland. Data on total serum cholesterol were recorded between February and April 1972 for 3745 men and 4221 women aged 30 to 59 years who had no history of cancer, diabete...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Salonen JT

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies investigating antenatal caffeine consumption and reproductive outcomes show conflicting results, and most studies have used maternal self-reported caffeine consumption to estimate fetal exposure. This study (n=1,606) was specifically designed to test the association of caffeine and its primary metabolites in u...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Grosso LM,Triche EW,Belanger K,Benowitz NL,Holford TR,Bracken MB

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between sleep and obesity or weight gain in adults, particularly older populations, remains unclear. In a cohort of 83,377 US men and women aged 51-72 years, we prospectively investigated the association between self-reported sleep duration and weight change over an average of 7.5 years of follow-up (...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Xiao Q,Arem H,Moore SC,Hollenbeck AR,Matthews CE

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike past breast cancer survival comparisons between Japan and the United States, a recent study in Hawaii showed that Japanese women did not retain their survival advantage over Caucasian women after adjustment was made for stage at diagnosis. To test whether this finding in Hawaii was due to the limited duration o...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： LeMarchand L,Kolonel LN,Nomura AM

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective was to study changes in the occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related Kaposi's sarcoma and the association with degree of immunodeficiency over time. Danish patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosed between 1979 and 1990 (n = 687) were followed clinically and with ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Lundgren JD,Melbye M,Pedersen C,Rosenberg PS,Gerstoft J

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Religion and spirituality are important social determinants that drive public health practice. The field of epidemiology has played a vital role in answering long-standing questions about whether religion is causally associated with health and mortality. As epidemiologists spark new conversations (e.g., see Kawachi (A...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ransome Y

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some studies have suggested that diabetes mellitus may decrease the risk of prostate cancer because of lower insulin levels. To further investigate the relation between diabetes and prostate cancer, a nested case-control study was conducted within the US Physicians' Health Study. Cases (n = 1,110) had been diagnosed w...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhu K,Lee IM,Sesso HD,Buring JE,Levine RS,Gaziano JM

更新日期：2004-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors assessed the influence of age, period, and cohort effects on rates of preterm delivery in the United States. Rates of preterm delivery for singleton births (<37 weeks) in seven age groups (15-19, 20-24,., 45-49 years), five periods (1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995), and 11 maternal birth cohorts (1926-1930, 1...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ananth CV,Misra DP,Demissie K,Smulian JC

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors sought to assess the reliability and validity of two motion activity sensors in the prediction of observed physical activity levels in adults and children by means of two studies at North Dakota State University in Fargo, North Dakota. In study 1, 50 adults were observed in fall 1984 for one hour of recrea...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Klesges RC,Klesges LM,Swenson AM,Pheley AM

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper illustrates how a microcomputer spreadsheet package can be used by epidemiologists to facilitate the computation of multiple logistic regression (MLR) probabilities, as well as odds ratios and associated confidence intervals, given the coefficients of the MLR model. By formatting a spreadsheet, data entry i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Lemeshow S,Pastides H,Avrunin JS,Teres D

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity and smoking are independently associated with a higher mortality risk, but previous studies have reported conflicting results about the relationship between these 2 time-varying exposures. Using prospective longitudinal data (1987-2007) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, our objective in the p...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Banack HR,Kaufman JS

更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In a historical prospective study covering 1970-1978, the authors evaluated the outcome of delivery to 429 parous women subsequent to a legally induced first-trimester vacuum-aspiration abortion during 1970-1975 in Uppsala County, Sweden. This outcome was compared with the outcome of delivery to 391 randomly chosen ma...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Meirik O,Nygren KG,Bergström R,Gunsjö A

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews the historical background and the theoretical development of models for the analysis of data from capture-recapture or multiple-record systems for estimating the size of closed populations. The models and methods were originally developed for use in fisheries and wildlife biology and were later adap...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors：

更新日期：1995-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are usually the preferred strategy with which to generate evidence of comparative effectiveness, but conducting an RCT is not always feasible. Though observational studies and RCTs often provide comparable estimates, the questioning of observational analyses has recently intensified b...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Danaei G,Tavakkoli M,Hernán MA

更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies suggest that micronutrients, especially folate, calcium, iron, and antioxidant vitamins, affect the risk of colorectal neoplasia. The objective of this case-control study was to examine the association between these micronutrients and the risk of colorectal adenomas. The study was based on 236 cases wit...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tseng M,Murray SC,Kupper LL,Sandler RS

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contemporary searches for new risk factors frequently involve genome-wide explorations of very large numbers of candidate risk variants. Given that diseases can often be classified into subtypes that possess evidence of etiologic heterogeneity, the question arises as to whether or not a search for new risk factors wou...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Begg CB,Zabor EC

更新日期：2012-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent developments in population mathematics apply to measurement issues in epidemiology. In particular, they demonstrate explicitly the relations that prevail among incidence, prevalence, case-fatality, mortality, and duration of illness in a population at a moment in time, rather than in a cohort of persons followe...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Preston SH

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An estimated 80% of sexually active young women in the United States use hormonal contraceptives during their reproductive years. Associations between hormonal contraceptive use and mood disturbances remain understudied, despite the hypothesis that estrogen and progesterone play a role in mood problems. In this study,...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Keyes KM,Cheslack-Postava K,Westhoff C,Heim CM,Haloossim M,Walsh K,Koenen K

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer is an important cause of morbidity in the elderly, and many medical conditions and treatments influence cancer risk. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database can be used to conduct population-based case-control studies that elucidate the etiology of cancer among the US elderly. S...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Engels EA,Pfeiffer RM,Ricker W,Wheeler W,Parsons R,Warren JL

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An episode is described in which tissue culture in a laboratory could have become intoxicated due to the recirculation of toxic exhaust fumes extruded from the roof of a research institution. A route of entry was found whereby a portion of fume hood exhaust was reintroduced into the building by means of large intake f...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Cohen D,Wanner RG

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human brucellosis in Florida is documented for the 47-year period 1928-1975. Of the 936 cases reported in 1930-1975, more than half (505) occurred in the decade 1940-1949. The incidence declined rapidly to an average rate of five cases per year, although there was an increase in 1974 and 1975. The analysis is mainly c...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bigler WJ,Hoff GL,Hemmert WH,Tomas JA,Janowski HT

更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin B12 (hereafter referred to as B12) deficiency in pregnancy is prevalent and has been associated with both lower birth weight (birth weight <2,500 g) and preterm birth (length of gestation <37 weeks). Nevertheless, current evidence is contradictory. We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of indivi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rogne T,Tielemans MJ,Chong MF,Yajnik CS,Krishnaveni GV,Poston L,Jaddoe VW,Steegers EA,Joshi S,Chong YS,Godfrey KM,Yap F,Yahyaoui R,Thomas T,Hay G,Hogeveen M,Demir A,Saravanan P,Skovlund E,Martinussen MP,Jacobsen G

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two six-month randomized, controlled double-blind trials of the efficacy of virucidal nasal tissues in the prevention of natural colds were conducted in Charlottesville, Virginia, between 1983 and 1986. Tissues impregnated with malic and citric acids and sodium lauryl sulfate were used in both trials. Placebo tissues ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Farr BM,Hendley JO,Kaiser DL,Gwaltney JM

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To help public health practitioners promote physical activities with a low risk of injury, this study determined the relation among type and duration of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and musculoskeletal injury in a sample of adults enrolled in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Subjects included 4...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hootman JM,Macera CA,Ainsworth BE,Martin M,Addy CL,Blair SN

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prospective evidence of the associations of smoking cessation with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other causes of death in Asia is scarce. Previous studies, which were mostly based on baseline smoking behavior only, were subject to sick-quitter bias and misclassification resulting from changes in smo...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： He Y,Jiang B,Li LS,Li LS,Sun DL,Wu L,Liu M,He SF,Liang BQ,Hu FB,Lam TH

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The US Great Recession resulted in an alarming number of home foreclosures that weakened the social and physical environment of thousands of neighborhoods. Few studies have evaluated whether these neighborhood changes were related to changes in individual behaviors. We examined the relationship between changes in neig...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Crawford ND,Moore K,Christine PJ,Barrientos-Gutierrez T,Seeman T,Diez Roux AV

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors studied immune response and exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin) among veterans of Operation Ranch Hand, the US Air Force unit responsible for the aerial spraying of herbicides in Vietnam from 1962 to 1971. A comparison group of Air Force veterans who served in Southeast Asia but were n...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Michalek JE,Ketchum NS,Check IJ

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00