Bayesian nonparametric areal wombling for small-scale maps with an application to urinary bladder cancer data from Connecticut.

abstract：:In many epidemiological studies it is common to resort to regression models relating incidence of a disease and its risk factors. The main goal of this paper is to consider inference on such models with error-prone observations and variances of the measurement errors changing across observations. We suppose that the o...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： de Castro M,Galea M,Bolfarine H

更新日期：2008-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Unmeasured confounding is a common concern when researchers attempt to estimate a treatment effect using observational data or randomized studies with nonperfect compliance. To address this concern, instrumental variable methods, such as 2-stage predictor substitution (2SPS) and 2-stage residual inclusion (2SRI), have...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Wan F,Small D,Mitra N

更新日期：2018-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimates of analyte concentrations, obtained by immunoassay, have error distributions which are generally underestimated. Better estimates, which take into account the distribution of the response metameter of the calibration curve and uncertainties associated with the location of the fitted curve, have been obtained...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Kay C,Nix AB,Kemp KW,Rowlands RJ,Richards G,Groom GV,Griffiths K,Wilson DW

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ordinal data appear in a wide variety of scientific fields. These data are often analyzed using ordinal logistic regression models that assume proportional odds. When this assumption is not met, it may be possible to capture the lack of proportionality using a constrained structural relationship between the odds and t...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Capuano AW,Dawson JD

更新日期：2013-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Determination of the equation that relates an ordered dependent variable to ordered independent variables is sought. One solution, non-parametric discriminant analysis (NPD), involves obtaining the best monotonic step function by means of a computer search procedure. Although one can use alternative selection criteria...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Johnston B,Seshia SS

更新日期：1992-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Many different methods have been proposed for the analysis of cluster randomized trials (CRTs) over the last 30 years. However, the evaluation of methods on overdispersed count data has been based mostly on the comparison of results using empiric data; i.e. when the true model parameters are not known. In this study, ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Durán Pacheco G,Hattendorf J,Colford JM Jr,Mäusezahl D,Smith T

更新日期：2009-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Performance of a diagnostic test is ideally evaluated by a comparison of the test results to a gold standard for all the patients in a study. In practice, however, it is common for a subset of study patients to have the gold standard not verified (missing) due to ethical or expense considerations. Sensitivity and spec...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Kosinski AS,Chen Y,Lyles RH

更新日期：2010-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In repeated measures settings, modeling the correlation pattern of the data can be immensely important for proper analyses. Accurate inference requires proper choice of the correlation model. Optimal efficiency of the estimation procedure demands a parsimonious parameterization of the correlation structure, with suffi...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Simpson SL,Edwards LJ,Muller KE,Sen PK,Styner MA

更新日期：2010-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:For bivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic studies, likelihood approaches are very popular. However, they often run into numerical problems with possible non-convergence. In addition, the construction of confidence intervals is controversial. Bayesian methods based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling could be u...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Paul M,Riebler A,Bachmann LM,Rue H,Held L

更新日期：2010-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a simple method for estimation of population vaccination effectiveness, which is the fraction of disease cases prevented by a vaccination programme. The method is based on the susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) model for the spread of an epidemic in a heterogeneous population under non-homogene...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Haber M

更新日期：1997-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Providing personalized treatments designed to maximize benefits and minimizing harms is of tremendous current medical interest. One problem in this area is the evaluation of the interaction between the treatment and other predictor variables. Treatment effects in subgroups having the same direction but different magni...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Chen W,Ghosh D,Raghunathan TE,Norkin M,Sargent DJ,Bepler G

更新日期：2012-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In a longitudinal study of workers in seven Norwegian aluminium plants, the time to development of asthmatic symptoms could only be determined to lie in the interval between two consecutive health examinations. In a previous paper we analysed the data by survival techniques for interval censored data. In the present p...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Samuelsen SO,Kongerud J

更新日期：1994-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Missing values in the covariates are a widespread complication in the statistical inference of regression models. The maximum likelihood principle requires specification of the distribution of the covariates, at least in part. For categorical covariates, log-linear models can be used. Additionally, the missing at rand...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Vach W,Blettner M

更新日期：1995-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We consider a latent variable hazard model for clustered survival data where clusters are a random sample from an underlying population. We allow interactions between the random cluster effect and covariates. We use a maximum pseudo-likelihood estimator to estimate the mean hazard ratio parameters. We propose a bootst...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Cai J,Zhou H,Davis CE

更新日期：1997-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'landmark' and 'Simon and Makuch' non-parametric estimators of the survival function are commonly used to contrast the survival experience of time-dependent treatment groups in applications such as stem cell transplant versus chemotherapy in leukemia. However, the theoretical survival functions corresponding to th...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Bernasconi DP,Rebora P,Iacobelli S,Valsecchi MG,Antolini L

更新日期：2016-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We consider statistical procedures for hypothesis testing of real valued functionals of matched pairs with missing values. In order to improve the accuracy of existing methods, we propose a novel multiplication combination procedure. Dividing the observed data into dependent (completely observed) pairs and independent...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Amro L,Konietschke F,Pauly M

更新日期：2019-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Appropriate quantification of added usefulness offered by new markers included in risk prediction algorithms is a problem of active research and debate. Standard methods, including statistical significance and c statistic are useful but not sufficient. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) offers a simple intuitive w...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Pencina MJ,D'Agostino RB Sr,Steyerberg EW

更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients who switch treatment groups in randomized clinical trials can cause problems in the interpretation of the results. Although the intention-to-treat method is recognized as being the most reliable analysis, it may result in an underestimate of the treatment effect if there have been patients who switch treatmen...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Law MG,Kaldor JM

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Dependence between observations on a dichotomous variable renders invalid the usual chi-square tests of independence and inflates the variances of parameter estimates. Such a situation occurs, for example, when subjects consist of members of the same family or with repeated observations on the same person. In this pap...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Donald A,Donner A

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a probability distribution for an equivalence class of classification trees (that is, those that ignore the value of the cutpoints but retain tree structure). This distribution is parameterized by a central tree structure representing the true model, and a precision or concentration coefficient representing...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Shannon WD,Banks D

更新日期：1999-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In the analysis of composite endpoints in a clinical trial, time to first event analysis techniques such as the logrank test and Cox proportional hazard test do not take into account the multiplicity, importance, and the severity of events in the composite endpoint. Several generalized pairwise comparison analysis met...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Verbeeck J,Spitzer E,de Vries T,van Es GA,Anderson WN,Van Mieghem NM,Leon MB,Molenberghs G,Tijssen J

更新日期：2019-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In record linkage studies, unique identifiers are often not available, and therefore, the linkage procedure depends on combinations of partially identifying variables with low discriminating power. As a consequence, wrongly linked covariate and outcome pairs will be created and bias further analysis of the linked data...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Hof MH,Zwinderman AH

更新日期：2012-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, 401 cases of childhood cancer in four California counties in 1980-1988 were analysed with the innovative methodology of density equalizing map projections. The data were originally collected and analysed by the California State Department of Health Services (DHS). In addition to the new analytic techniq...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Merrill DW

更新日期：2001-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In designed longitudinal studies, information from the same set of subjects are collected repeatedly over time. The longitudinal measurements are often subject to missing data which impose an analytic challenge. We propose a functional multiple imputation approach modeling longitudinal response profiles as smooth curv...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： He Y,Yucel R,Raghunathan TE

更新日期：2011-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimation and group comparison of survival curves are two very common issues in survival analysis. In practice, the Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival functions may be biased due to unbalanced distribution of confounders. Here we develop an adjusted Kaplan-Meier estimator (AKME) to reduce confounding effects using in...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Xie J,Liu C

更新日期：2005-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A relationship between baseline risk and treatment effect is increasingly investigated as a possible explanation of between-study heterogeneity in clinical trial meta-analysis. An approach that is still often applied in the medical literature is to plot the estimated treatment effects against the estimated measures of...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Arends LR,Hoes AW,Lubsen J,Grobbee DE,Stijnen T

更新日期：2000-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Mediation analyses can help us to understand the biological mechanism in which an exposure or treatment affects an outcome. Single mediator analyses have been used in various applications, but may not be appropriate for analyzing intricate mechanisms involving multiple mediators that affect each other. Thus, in this a...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lai EY,Shih S,Huang YT,Wang S

更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nutritional exposures are often measured with considerable error in commonly used surrogate instruments such as the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (denoted by Q(i) for the ith subject). The error can be both systematic and random. The diet record (DR) denoted by R(i) for the ith subject is considered an alloyed go...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Rosner B,Michels KB,Chen YH,Day NE

更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In multiple-record systems estimation it is usually assumed that all registration relate to the same population. In this paper, we develop a method which can be used when the registrations relate to different populations, in the sense that they cover, for example, different time periods or regions. We show that under ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Zwane EN,van der Pal-de Bruin K,van der Heijden PG

更新日期：2004-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:When the event time of interest depends on the censoring time, conventional two-sample test methods, such as the log-rank and Wilcoxon tests, can produce an invalid test result. We extend our previous work on estimation using auxiliary variables to adjust for dependent censoring via multiple imputation, to the compari...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Hsu CH,Taylor JM

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00