Abstract:
:Dependence between observations on a dichotomous variable renders invalid the usual chi-square tests of independence and inflates the variances of parameter estimates. Such a situation occurs, for example, when subjects consist of members of the same family or with repeated observations on the same person. In this paper we describe methods of measuring the extent of correlation (or clustering). We also develop methods of adjusting the Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test statistic and the variance of the Mantel-Haenszel estimate of a common odds ratio in sets of 2 X 2 contingency tables.
journal_name
Stat Medjournal_title
Statistics in medicineauthors
Donald A,Donner Adoi
10.1002/sim.4780060408subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-06-01 00:00:00pages
491-9issue
4eissn
0277-6715issn
1097-0258journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Phase II and phase III trials play a crucial role in drug development programs. They are costly and time consuming and, because of high failure rates in late development stages, at the same time risky investments. Commonly, sample size calculation of phase III is based on the treatment effect observed in phase II. The...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6624
更新日期:2016-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::R2 has been criticized as a measure of model performance when predicting a dichotomous outcome, both because its value is often low and because it is sensitive to the prevalence of the event of interest. The C statistic is more widely used to measure model performance in a 0/1 setting. We use a simple parametric famil...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19990228)18:4<375::aid-sim
更新日期:1999-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes compliance with the completion of a quality of life questionnaire in the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial, a large multi-centre randomized trial that is studying the efficacy of Tamoxifen in preventing breast cancer. In the first 4875 women enrolled in the control arm of the study, there was a very ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19980315/15)17:5/7<613::ai
更新日期:1998-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Comparative studies of the accuracy of diagnostic procedures often use a paired design to gain in efficiency. Standard methods for analysing data from paired designs require complete observations. In many studies, however, one of the test results may be missing for some patients. In this paper, we propose a simple cor...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19960815)15:15<1687::AID-S
更新日期:1996-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Correlated response data arise often in biomedical studies. The generalized estimation equation (GEE) approach is widely used in regression analysis for such data. However, there are few methods available to check the adequacy of regression models in GEE. In this paper, a graphical method is proposed based on Cook and...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.889
更新日期:2001-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::For bivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic studies, likelihood approaches are very popular. However, they often run into numerical problems with possible non-convergence. In addition, the construction of confidence intervals is controversial. Bayesian methods based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling could be u...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3858
更新日期:2010-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::The article is motivated by a nephrology study in Taiwan, which enrolled hemodialysis patients who suffered from vascular access thrombosis. After treatment, some patients were cured of thrombosis, while some may experience recurrence of either type (acute or nonacute) of vascular access thrombosis. Our major interest...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8711
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::During a course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection, the viral load usually increases sharply to a peak following infection and then drops rapidly to a steady state, where it remains until progression to AIDS. This steady state is often referred to as the viral set point. It is believed that the HIV vira...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3038
更新日期:2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::I reflect on the statistical methods of the Christakis-Fowler studies on network-based contagion of traits by checking the sensitivity of these kinds of results to various alternate specifications and generative mechanisms. Despite the honest efforts of all involved, I remain pessimistic about establishing whether bin...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5551
更新日期:2013-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::Matched-pair designs have been commonly employed in diagnostic, epidemiologic and laboratory studies. For estimation of a ratio of two marginal probabilities in matched-pair data, a Wald-type logarithmic method is computationally simple, but an actual coverage rate is known to be smaller than a nominal one and a lengt...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3685
更新日期:2009-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8807
更新日期:2021-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::The primary purpose of a disease surveillance system is to provide data for the detection of changes in the incidence of the disease. Methods for the analysis of data from surveillance systems are reviewed. A new procedure is proposed for use when the system includes geographically dispersed reporting units, such as h...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780080306
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The setting of a quarantine time for an emerging infectious disease will depend on current knowledge concerning incubation times. Methods for the analysis of information on incubation times are investigated with a particular focus on inference regarding a possible maximum incubation time, after which an exposed indivi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2206
更新日期:2005-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::The power prior has been widely used in many applications covering a large number of disciplines. The power prior is intended to be an informative prior constructed from historical data. It has been used in clinical trials, genetics, health care, psychology, environmental health, engineering, economics, and business. ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6728
更新日期:2015-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Correlation is always a concern in the analysis of clustered data. One area of interest is to develop a general correlation modelling approach for high dimensional data with unbalanced hierarchical and heterogeneous data structures, e.g. multilevel data. Commonly used correlation structures might have limitation for s...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2368
更新日期:2006-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::The "some invalid, some valid instrumental variable estimator" (sisVIVE) is a lasso-based method for instrumental variables (IVs) regression of outcome on an exposure. In principle, sisVIVE is robust to some of the IVs in the analysis being invalid, in the sense of being related to the outcome variable through pathway...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8066
更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::In multiple-record systems estimation it is usually assumed that all registration relate to the same population. In this paper, we develop a method which can be used when the registrations relate to different populations, in the sense that they cover, for example, different time periods or regions. We show that under ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1818
更新日期:2004-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::During phase III clinical trials in life-threatening disease settings, it is important to ensure that the Data Monitoring Committee (DMC) has exclusive access to the interim efficacy and safety data generated by the data analysis centre, in order to minimize the risk of widespread prejudgement of unreliable trial resu...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1288
更新日期:2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Confidence intervals for a standardized effect are derived after stabilizing the variance of the Welch t-statistic. Simulation studies demonstrate the viability of the resulting intervals for a wide range of parameter values and sample sizes as small as five. The methodology is extended to the combination of results f...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2751
更新日期:2007-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::With the increasing availability of detailed clinical information, there is optimism that treatment choices can be selectively directed to those individuals most likely to benefit. While standard clinical trials can establish whether a treatment appears to be effective on average, subsequent work is needed to determin...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6138
更新日期:2014-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Studies in health research are commonly carried out in clustered settings, where the individual response data are correlated within clusters. Estimation and modelling of the extent of between-cluster variation contributes to understanding of the current study and to design of future studies. It is common to express be...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2304
更新日期:2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hierarchical regression analysis holds much promise for epidemiologic analysis, but has as yet seen limited application because of lack of easily used software and the relatively lengthy run times of preferred fitting methods (such as true maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches). This paper compares three relative...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19970315)16:5<515::aid-sim
更新日期:1997-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::In repeated measures settings, modeling the correlation pattern of the data can be immensely important for proper analyses. Accurate inference requires proper choice of the correlation model. Optimal efficiency of the estimation procedure demands a parsimonious parameterization of the correlation structure, with suffi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3928
更新日期:2010-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Studies involving longitudinal binary responses are widely applied in the health and biomedical sciences research and frequently analyzed by generalized estimating equations (GEE) method. This article proposes an alternative goodness-of-fit test based on the nonparametric smoothing approach for assessing the adequacy ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3315
更新日期:2008-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Sam Greenhouse joined the Census Bureau as a clerk at an interesting time period for the agency. The first use of sampling in the decennial census occurred in 1940. There was a major expansion of the amount of data collected. The organization of the Census Bureau underwent radical changes, including the growth of the ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1627
更新日期:2003-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Predicting an individual's risk of experiencing a future clinical outcome is a statistical task with important consequences for both practicing clinicians and public health experts. Modern observational databases such as electronic health records provide an alternative to the longitudinal cohort studies traditionally ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6526
更新日期:2015-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Differences between arm-based (AB) and contrast-based (CB) models for network meta-analysis (NMA) are controversial. We compare the CB model of Lu and Ades (2006), the AB model of Hong et al(2016), and two intermediate models, using hypothetical data and a selected real data set. Differences between models arise prima...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8360
更新日期:2019-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Longitudinal studies with repeated measures are often subject to non-response. Methods currently employed to alleviate the difficulties caused by missing data are typically unsatisfactory, especially when the cause of the missingness is related to the outcomes. We present an approach for incomplete categorical data in...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.982
更新日期:2002-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::We applied a computationally practical form of probit analysis for multiple response variables to data on early childhood development of four psychiatric disorders: disruptive disorders (DD-attention deficit disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder); adjustment disorders (ADJ); emotional disorders (E...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19981115)17:21<2487::aid-s
更新日期:1998-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Paired count data usually arise in medicine when before and after treatment measurements are considered. In the present paper we assume that the correlated paired count data follow a bivariate Poisson distribution in order to derive the distribution of their difference. The derived distribution is shown to be the same...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2382
更新日期:2006-06-15 00:00:00