Cigarette Tax Increase and Infant Mortality.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Congressional initiatives to reduce spending under major public programs designed to improve access to health care have brought renewed attention to the health care needs of traditionally disadvantaged populations. The objective of this study was to assess access to and use of primary care services for poor, ...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Newacheck PW,Hughes DC,Stoddard JJ

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased morbidity and mortality from lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) has been suggested in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children; however, the contribution of respiratory viruses is unclear. We studied the epidemiology of LRTI hospitalization in HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) and HEU infants aged ...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Cohen C,Moyes J,Tempia S,Groome M,Walaza S,Pretorius M,Naby F,Mekgoe O,Kahn K,von Gottberg A,Wolter N,Cohen AL,von Mollendorf C,Venter M,Madhi SA

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Although both licensed rotavirus vaccines are safe and effective, it is often not possible to complete the schedule by using the same vaccine formulation. The goal of this study was to investigate the noninferiority of the immune responses to the 2 licensed rotavirus vaccines when administered...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Libster R,McNeal M,Walter EB,Shane AL,Winokur P,Cress G,Berry AA,Kotloff KL,Sarpong K,Turley CB,Harrison CJ,Pahud BA,Marbin J,Dunn J,El-Khorazaty J,Barrett J,Edwards KM,VTEU Rotavirus Vaccine Study Work Group.

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The "Guide to Community Preventive Services" strongly recommends reducing out-of-pocket costs to increase vaccination rates among children. Nevertheless, out-of-pocket expenses are still incurred during the receipt of childhood vaccines, vaccine administration, and associated well-child visits. OBJECTIVE:Ou...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Molinari NA,Kolasa M,Messonnier ML,Schieber RA

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Respiratory infections (RIs) are an important cause of morbidity and excessive antibiotic prescriptions in children attending day care centers (DCCs). We aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational and hand hygiene program in DCCs and homes in reducing RI incidence and antibiotic prescriptions in chi...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Azor-Martinez E,Yui-Hifume R,Muñoz-Vico FJ,Jimenez-Noguera E,Strizzi JM,Martinez-Martinez I,Garcia-Fernandez L,Seijas-Vazquez ML,Torres-Alegre P,Fernández-Campos MA,Gimenez-Sanchez F

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to determine the prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of tattooed adolescents in a nationally representative sample and to evaluate the association between tattooing and several high-risk behaviors. METHODS:This is a secondary analysis of the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent H...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Roberts TA,Ryan SA

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine physician-administered influenza vaccine coverage for children aged 6 to 23 months in a jurisdiction with a universal influenza immunization program during 2002-2009 and to describe predictors of vaccination. METHODS:By using hospital records, we identified all infants born alive in Ontario hos...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Campitelli MA,Inoue M,Calzavara AJ,Kwong JC,Guttmann A

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:An early-onset sepsis (EOS) risk calculator tool to guide evaluation and treatment of infants at risk for sepsis has reduced antibiotic use without increased adverse outcomes. We performed an electronic health record (EHR)-driven quality improvement intervention to increase calculator use for ...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Stipelman CH,Smith ER,Diaz-Ochu M,Spackman J,Stoddard G,Kawamoto K,Shakib JH

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Child abuse (CA) can present with a spectrum of signs and symptoms. Apparent life-threatening events (ALTEs) may be a subtle presentation of CA. Retinal hemorrhages (RHs) are a well-described finding in some patients with CA. We hypothesized that screening children who present with a chief complaint of an ALT...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Pitetti RD,Maffei F,Chang K,Hickey R,Berger R,Pierce MC

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine individual changes in energy expenditure and physical activity during prepubertal growth in boys and girls. METHODS:Total energy expenditure (TEE), resting energy expenditure, physical activity-related energy expenditure, reported physical activity, and fat and fat-free mass were measured three ti...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Goran MI,Gower BA,Nagy TR,Johnson RK

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recommended durations of observation after anaphylaxis have been widely variable, with many ranging from 4 to 24 hours. Prolonged durations often prompt admission for ongoing observation. METHODS:In a multidisciplinary quality improvement initiative, we revised our emergency department (ED) anaphylaxis clin...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Lee J,Rodio B,Lavelle J,Lewis MO,English R,Hadley S,Molnar J,Jacobstein C,Cianferoni A,Spergel J,Zielinski L,Tsarouhas N,Brown-Whitehorn T

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of pulsus paradoxus (PP) in 13 episodes of status asthmaticus in 12 children, ages 13 months to 15 years, was compared sequentially to a clinical score, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), heart rate, arterialized capillary pH, carbon dioxide pressure (PCO2), and the ratio of inspired oxygen to oxygen press...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Galant SP,Groncy CE,Shaw KC

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of pain intensity in children. It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity, reliability, feasibility, and preference. OBJECTIVES:To summarize and systematically review faces pain ...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Tomlinson D,von Baeyer CL,Stinson JN,Sung L

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bacterial sepsis is associated with high morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. However, diagnosis of sepsis and identification of the causative agent remains challenging. Our aim was to determine genome-wide expression profiles of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with and without bacterial sepsis a...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Cernada M,Serna E,Bauerl C,Collado MC,Pérez-Martínez G,Vento M

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this prospective, longitudinal study, the relative impact of intracranial hemorrhage and prolonged mechanical ventilation on developmental progress during the first 18 months of life of infants weighing 1,200 g or less at birth was examined. A total of 159 surviving infants were divided into two groups: infants wit...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Bozynski ME,Nelson MN,Matalon TA,O'Donnell KJ,Naughton PM,Vasan U,Meier WA,Ploughman L

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transthoracic direct current shock is the recommended treatment for ventricular fibrillation in children as in adults. To determine the appropriate energy dose, data were collected from 71 defibrillation attempts in 27 children. Sixty-three of the 71 shocks (89%) were successful in terminating fibrillation. Fifty-seve...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Gutgesell HP,Tacker WA,Geddes LA,Davis S,Lie JT,McNamara DG

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system are critical elements in host defense. They are essential to many specific immune processes in addition to their well-recognized role in nonspecific resistance. In this report we describe studies of the influence of the maturation of this system of cells on the capacity of...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Blaese RM,Poplack DG,Muchmore AV

更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Although universal immunization against Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough) infection has resulted in dramatic reductions in the incidence of pertussis, outbreaks continue to occur in countries with excellent vaccine coverage. Treatment of infection may ameliorate symptom severity during the catarrhal phase...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Langley JM,Halperin SA,Boucher FD,Smith B,Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC).

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite substantial progress, adolescents remain at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Two independent random digit dial statewide Massachusetts surveys of 16- to 19-year-old persons conducted August through September 1986 and 1988 revealed that the proportion of teenagers who had discussed ac...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Hingson R,Strunin L,Berlin B

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleotide (NT) nitrogen, a component of nonprotein nitrogen, accounts for approximately 0.1% to 0.15% of the total nitrogen content of human milk. The results of studies in animals indicate that dietary NTs may be required for maintenance of normal immune function. Thirty-seven healthy term infants were either breast...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Carver JD,Pimentel B,Cox WI,Barness LA

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Medical care for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants and their mothers has changed dramatically during the 1990s, yet it is unclear how these changes have affected mortality and morbidity. OBJECTIVE:We used the Vermont Oxford Network Database to identify trends in clinical practice and patient outcomes for...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Horbar JD,Badger GJ,Carpenter JH,Fanaroff AA,Kilpatrick S,LaCorte M,Phibbs R,Soll RF,Members of the Vermont Oxford Network.

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toilet-seat contact dermatitis is a common condition around the world and is reemerging in the United States. It can be easily recognized and treated. However, few practitioners consider this diagnosis, which results in a delay in treatment and often exacerbation of the skin eruption. In the past, exposure to wooden t...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Litvinov IV,Sugathan P,Cohen BA

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abdominal muscle deficiency, urinary tract abnormalities, and cryptorchidism are the three major features of the prune-belly syndrome, also referred to as triad syndrome or Eagle-Barrett syndrome. The etiology is unclear and the pathogenesis a subject of continuing debate. Clinical and pathologic experience with seven...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Moerman P,Fryns JP,Goddeeris P,Lauweryns JM

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Initial reports of congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection focused on microcephaly at birth with severe brain anomalies; the phenotype has broadened to include microcephaly that develops after birth and neurodevelopmental sequelae. In this narrative review, we summarize medical literature describing motor abnormalities...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Pessoa A,van der Linden V,Yeargin-Allsopp M,Carvalho MDCG,Ribeiro EM,Van Naarden Braun K,Durkin MS,Pastula DM,Moore JT,Moore CA

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current status of nursery routines of prophylaxis against ophthalmia neonatorum were surveyed by mail questionnaire to 100 leading maternity hospitals. More than 20% of the respondents were not using silver nitrate, mainly because of chemical conjunctivitis. The clinical significance and incidence of chemical conj...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Nishida H,Risemberg HM

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy and safety of flunisolide aerosol were studied in 46 steroid-independent children with asthma inadequately controlled by nonsteroid drugs. This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study lasting eight weeks. Patients were randomly assigned either flunisolide by inhalation, 0.5 mg twice a day, ...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Meltzer EO,Kemp JP,Orgel HA,Izu AE

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an underrecognized condition that mainly occurs in young children. Early diagnosis is important because of the potential to improve morbidity and mortality rates. The purposes of this report are to review the clinical and laboratory features of 14 ...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Copelovitch L,Kaplan BS

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Studies of US adolescents have linked exposure to movie smoking with smoking behavior. It is unclear whether European adolescents are also responsive to movie tobacco imagery. METHODS:A longitudinal study was conducted to assess exposure to movie smoking in 2711 German never-smokers (aged 10 to 16 years). Mo...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Hanewinkel R,Sargent JD

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lysosomal storage disorders are rare inborn errors of metabolism, with a combined incidence of 1 in 1500 to 7000 live births. These relatively rare disorders are seldom considered when evaluating a sick newborn. A significant number of the >50 different lysosomal storage disorders, however, do manifest in the neonatal...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Staretz-Chacham O,Lang TC,LaMarca ME,Krasnewich D,Sidransky E

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Dental caries is a common, chronic disease of childhood. The impact of contemporary changes in beverage patterns, specifically decreased milk intakes and increased 100% juice and soda pop intakes, on dental caries in young children is unknown. We describe associations among caries experience and intakes of da...

journal_title：Pediatrics

authors： Marshall TA,Levy SM,Broffitt B,Warren JJ,Eichenberger-Gilmore JM,Burns TL,Stumbo PJ

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00