Task Selectivity as a Comprehensive Principle for Brain Organization.

abstract：:Cognitive neuroscience investigations of self-experience have mainly focused on the mental attribution of features to the self (self-related processing). In this paper, we highlight another fundamental, yet neglected, aspect of self-experience, that of being an agent. We propose that this aspect of self-experience dep...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Christoff K,Cosmelli D,Legrand D,Thompson E

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiencing oneself as the cause of an action is a fundamental building block for a sense of self. A recent study by Sato and Yasuda provides evidence that motor prediction contributes to the experience of agency. Their findings demonstrate that agency is experienced not only for intended, but also for erroneous, uni...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Knoblich G,Sebanz N

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccadic eye movements cause frequent and substantial displacements of the retinal image, but those displacements go unnoticed. It has been widely assumed that this perceived stability emerges from the shifting of visual receptive fields from their current, presaccadic locations to their future, postsaccadic locations...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Zirnsak M,Moore T

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to predict the likelihood of an aversive event is an important adaptive capacity. Certainty and uncertainty regarding pain cause different adaptive behavior, emotional states, attentional focus, and perceptual changes. Recent functional neuroimaging studies indicate that certain and uncertain expectation a...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Ploghaus A,Becerra L,Borras C,Borsook D

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How does the brain represent number and perform mathematical calculations? According to a recent and provocative study by Tang and colleagues, it depends on which language you learn. They found that the divergent linguistic and cultural experiences of native Chinese and native English speakers are associated with dist...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cantlon JF,Brannon EM

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent data indicate that newly grown synapses in the brain are not guaranteed to innervate their desired target, but can form instead on nearby targets. Such 'errors' introduce representational inaccuracies but improve representational flexibility. Optimizing accuracy and flexibility requires detecting correlated act...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Elliott T

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaesthesia has been known to scientific research for over 100 years but has undergone something of a renaissance recently as new investigations begin to uncover its neurological basis. Rather than being an anomaly, it might offer beneficial insights into the basis of normal perception. A new study by Esterman et al....

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mulvenna CM,Walsh V

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How much can we perceive and remember at a time? Results from various paradigms traditionally show that observers are aware of surprisingly little of the world around them. However, a recent study by Wu and Wolfe (Curr. Biol. 2018;28:3430-3434) uses a novel technique to reveal that observers have more knowledge of the...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cohen MA

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Artificial life provides important theoretical and methodological tools for the investigation of Piaget's developmental theory. This new method uses artificial neural networks to simulate living phenomena in a computer. A recent study by Parisi and Schlesinger suggests that artificial life might reinvigorate the Piage...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mueller U,Grobman KH

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Usage of the term 'theory of mind' (ToM) has exploded across fields ranging from developmental psychology to social neuroscience and psychiatry research. However, its meaning is often vague and inconsistent, its biological bases are a subject of debate, and the methods used to study it are highly heterogeneous. Most c...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Schaafsma SM,Pfaff DW,Spunt RP,Adolphs R

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When we move our eyes, we easily keep track of where relevant things are in the world. Recent proposals link this stability to the shifting of receptive fields of neurons in eye movement and attention control areas. Reports of 'spatiotopic' visual aftereffects have also been claimed to support this shifting connectivi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cavanagh P,Hunt AR,Afraz A,Rolfs M

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although only humans use spoken language, the vocal communication of many animals shares some features with language. Within the context of their family, normal children and young non-human primates develop proficiency in the nuances of their species-specific vocal communication system. Engaging in speech-like phoneti...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Margaret Elowson A,Snowdon CT,Lazaro-Perea C

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Persistence is central to outcomes across a range of domains: the harder you try, the further you get. Yet relatively little is known about the developmental origins of persistence. Here, we highlight key reasons for a surge of interest in persistence in infancy and early childhood. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Lucca K,Sommerville JA

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two major non-invasive techniques in cognitive neuroscience, electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), have complementary advantages with regard to their spatial and temporal resolution. Recent hardware and software developments have made it feasible to acquire EEG and fMRI data si...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Debener S,Ullsperger M,Siegel M,Engel AK

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent study by Zhang and Gläscher (2020) in humans examines learning from one's own versus others' actions under reward uncertainty. Comparing findings from this and non-human studies on learning under perceptual uncertainty suggests a unified role for confidence in learning under different types of uncertainty acr...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Soltani A

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain evolution has often been correlated with the cognitive demands of social life. Further progress depends on our ability to link cognitive processes to corresponding brain part sizes and structures, and, ultimately, to demonstrate causality. Recent research suggests that fishes are suitable to test general hypothe...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Bshary R,Gingins S,Vail AL

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive science might almost be defined as several disciplines communicating their different perspectives on the mind, the common object of study. However, domain-specific concepts and techniques can prevent, rather than foster, a communication of viewpoints. In this article, we develop a new framework for visual ca...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gosselin F,Schyns PG

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although most people are religious, there are hundreds of millions of religious disbelievers in the world. What is religious disbelief and how does it arise? Recent developments in the scientific study of religious beliefs and behaviors point to the conclusion that religious disbelief arises from multiple interacting ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Norenzayan A,Gervais WM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How do psychological traits shape social networks? How does this relationship influence the spread of behavior? In a recent paper, Muthukrishna and Schaller (Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev., 2019) use a modeling approach to explore these questions. In doing so, they illustrate the value of using a multilevel approach to stud...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Smaldino PE

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Why do people sometimes seem to know things when they are tested in one way, while seeming unaware of this information when tested in a different way? Such task-dependent behaviors, or dissociations, often occur in infants and children, and in adults following brain damage. To explain these dissociations, researchers ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Munakata Y

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) noninvasively measures human brain activity at millimeter resolution. Scientists use different approaches to take advantage of the remarkable opportunities presented by fMRI. Here, we describe progress using the computational neuroimaging approach in human visual cortex, wh...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Wandell BA,Winawer J

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite normative declines in old age, healthy elderly typically report surprisingly high levels of well-being. It is not clear why this is so. A study by Brassen and colleagues suggests that one factor may be reduced responsiveness to regret. These findings highlight the role of emotion regulation in successful aging...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Suri G,Gross JJ

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basic cognitive functions, such as the abilities to activate, represent, maintain, focus and process information, decline with age. A paradigm shift towards cross-level conceptions is needed in order to obtain an integrative understanding of cognitive aging phenomena that cuts across neural, information-processing, an...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Li SC,Lindenberger U,Sikström S

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this Opinion article we describe a theory that the brain mechanisms underlying working memory for novel information include a buffer in parahippocampal cortices. Computational modeling indicates that mechanisms for maintaining novel information in working memory could differ from mechanisms for maintaining familiar...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hasselmo ME,Stern CE

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Does self-motion affect object recognition? Researchers have long studied how 3-D objects are recognized from different points of view, but have disregarded the observers' own movement by keeping them motionless. A recent study by Simons et al. shows that self-motion cannot be ignored, as it changes the way that objec...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Wexler M

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The question of whether episodic memory, the ability to recall unique, personal experiences, is restricted to humans is a matter of current controversy. Recent work on food-storing jays suggests that several features of episodic memory may not be as exclusive to humans as previously thought. In this review we outline ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Griffiths D,Dickinson A,Clayton N

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our knowledge about the state of the world is often incomplete, making it difficult to select the best course of action. One strategy that can be used to improve our ability to make decisions is to identify the causes of our ignorance (i.e., why an unexpected event might have occurred) and use estimates of the uncerta...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Pulcu E,Browning M

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognizing images requires sorting them into the correct perceptual categories. Without categories, apples could not be discriminated from oranges. A fundamental question is whether categories are innate or learned, and if learned, how well such discriminations generalize. A recent finding by Notman et al. demonstrat...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Fahle M

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognition materializes in an interpersonal space. The emergence of complex behaviors requires the coordination of actions among individuals according to a shared set of rules. Despite the central role of other individuals in shaping one's mind, most cognitive studies focus on processes that occur within a single indiv...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hasson U,Ghazanfar AA,Galantucci B,Garrod S,Keysers C

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some believe that genetics threatens privacy and autonomy and will eviscerate the concept of human nature. Despite the astonishing research advances, however, none of these dire predictions and no radical transformation of the law have occurred. Advocates have tried to use genetic evidence to affect judgments of crimi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Morse SJ

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00