The Misestimation of Uncertainty in Affective Disorders.

abstract：:Traditionally, models of speech comprehension and production do not depend on concepts and processes from the phonological short-term memory (pSTM) literature. Likewise, in working memory research, pSTM is considered to be a language-independent system that facilitates language acquisition rather than speech processin...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Jacquemot C,Scott SK

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Learning is usually thought to occur during episodes of studying, whereas retrieval of information on testing simply serves to assess what was learned. We review research that contradicts this traditional view by demonstrating that retrieval practice is actually a powerful mnemonic enhancer, often producing large gain...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Roediger HL 3rd,Butler AC

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The science of large-scale brain networks offers a powerful paradigm for investigating cognitive and affective dysfunction in psychiatric and neurological disorders. This review examines recent conceptual and methodological developments which are contributing to a paradigm shift in the study of psychopathology. I summ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Menon V

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The richness and complexity of data sets acquired from PET or fMRI studies of human cognition have not been exploited until recently by computational neural-modeling methods. In this article, two neural-modeling approaches for use with functional brain imaging data are described. One, which uses structural equation mo...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Horwitz B,Tagamets MA,McIntosh AR

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new class of visuomotor neuron has been recently discovered in the monkey's premotor cortex: mirror neurons. These neurons respond both when a particular action is performed by the recorded monkey and when the same action, performed by another individual, is observed. Mirror neurons appear to form a cortical system ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gallese V,Goldman A

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Not all memories are equally welcome in awareness. People limit the time they spend thinking about unpleasant experiences, a process that begins during encoding, but that continues when cues later remind someone of the memory. Here, we review the emerging behavioural and neuroimaging evidence that suppressing awarenes...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Anderson MC,Hanslmayr S

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predictive Processing theories hold that the mind's core aim is to minimize prediction-error about its experiences. But prediction-error minimization can be 'hacked', by placing oneself in highly predictable environments where nothing happens. Recent philosophical work suggests that this is a surprisingly serious chal...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sun Z,Firestone C

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adolescence is a period of life in which the sense of 'self' changes profoundly. Here, we review recent behavioural and neuroimaging studies on adolescent development of the self-concept. These studies have shown that adolescence is an important developmental period for the self and its supporting neural structures. R...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sebastian C,Burnett S,Blakemore SJ

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ratio of men to women in a given ecology can have profound influences on a range of interpersonal processes, from marriage and divorce rates to risk-taking and violent crime. Here, we organize such processes into two categories - intersexual choice and intrasexual competition - representing focal effects of imbala...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Maner JK,Ackerman JM

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cognitive neuroscience, brain-behaviour relationships are usually mapped onto a 2D cortical sheet. Cortical layers are a critical but often ignored third dimension of human cortical function. Improved resolution has put us on the threshold of beginning to image human cognition in three dimensions. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kuehn E,Sereno MI

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some believe that genetics threatens privacy and autonomy and will eviscerate the concept of human nature. Despite the astonishing research advances, however, none of these dire predictions and no radical transformation of the law have occurred. Advocates have tried to use genetic evidence to affect judgments of crimi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Morse SJ

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endogenous circadian clock modulates cognitive performance over the daily 24-h cycle. Environmental disturbance of the clock, such as shift work or jet lag schedules, compromises sleep, alertness and problem solving. What is not generally appreciated, however, is that the circadian clock also modulates cognitive a...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kyriacou CP,Hastings MH

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brains that work together, couple together through interbrain synchrony. Does interbrain synchrony causally facilitate social interaction? This question cannot be answered by simply recording from multiple brains (hyperscanning). It instead requires causal protocols entailing their simultaneous stimulation (multibrain...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Novembre G,Iannetti GD

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many believe empathy and related pro-social behaviors to be the sole province of humans. The evolutionary antecedents of such phenomena, however, have been observed in lower mammals. By demonstrating empathy-based helping behavior in rats, a recently published study has provided clear-cut evidence that pro-social beha...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mogil JS

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural coding by brain oscillations is a major focus in neuroscience, with important implications for dyslexia research. Here, I argue that an oscillatory 'temporal sampling' framework enables diverse data from developmental dyslexia to be drawn into an integrated theoretical framework. The core deficit in dyslexia is...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Goswami U

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A small number of discrete choices ('parameters') embedded within a system of otherwise universal principles create the extensive superficial differences between unrelated languages like English, Japanese, and Mohawk. Most current thinking about the evolution of language ignores or denies the existence of these parame...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Baker MC

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many social interactions require humans to coordinate their behavior across a range of scales. However, aspects of intentional coordination remain puzzling from within several approaches in cognitive science. Sketching a new perspective, we propose that the complex behavioral patterns - or 'unwritten rules' - governin...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Misyak JB,Melkonyan T,Zeitoun H,Chater N

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article we provide a unifying neural hypothesis on how individuals understand the actions and emotions of others. Our main claim is that the fundamental mechanism at the basis of the experiential understanding of others' actions is the activation of the mirror neuron system. A similar mechanism, but involving ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gallese V,Keysers C,Rizzolatti G

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to predict the likelihood of an aversive event is an important adaptive capacity. Certainty and uncertainty regarding pain cause different adaptive behavior, emotional states, attentional focus, and perceptual changes. Recent functional neuroimaging studies indicate that certain and uncertain expectation a...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Ploghaus A,Becerra L,Borras C,Borsook D

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distinction between episodic and semantic memory was first proposed in 1972 by Endel Tulving and is still of central importance in cognitive neuroscience. However, data obtained over the past 30 years or so support the idea that the frontiers between perception and knowledge and between episodic and semantic memor...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Renoult L,Irish M,Moscovitch M,Rugg MD

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although most people are religious, there are hundreds of millions of religious disbelievers in the world. What is religious disbelief and how does it arise? Recent developments in the scientific study of religious beliefs and behaviors point to the conclusion that religious disbelief arises from multiple interacting ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Norenzayan A,Gervais WM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blindsight, the remarkable capability to react to unseen visual stimuli, has thus far only been demonstrated in patients and monkeys with a lesion to primary visual cortex. A recent study by Boyer, Harrison and Ro demonstrates blindsight in normal human observers, using TMS to block visual processing. Combined with ot...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Lamme VA

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How do psychological traits shape social networks? How does this relationship influence the spread of behavior? In a recent paper, Muthukrishna and Schaller (Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev., 2019) use a modeling approach to explore these questions. In doing so, they illustrate the value of using a multilevel approach to stud...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Smaldino PE

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural oscillations at different frequencies have recently been related to a wide range of basic and higher cognitive processes. One possible role of oscillatory activity is to assure the maintenance of information in working memory (WM). Here we review the possibility that rhythmic activity at theta, alpha, and gamma...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Roux F,Uhlhaas PJ

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physical energy that we refer to as a word, whether in isolation or embedded in sentences, takes its meaning from the knowledge stored in our brains through a lifetime of experience. Much empirical evidence indicates that, although this knowledge can be used fairly flexibly, it is functionally organized in 'semant...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kutas M,Federmeier KD

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe two merging lines of empirical inquiry: entire false memories for autobiographical events and false confessions. A recent study showed that people can be led to remember, and confess to, perpetrating serious crimes that never occurred when confronted with suggestive interview tactics commonly used in polic...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Porter SB,Baker AT

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The brain during healthy aging exhibits gradual deterioration of structure but maintains a high level of cognitive ability. These structural changes are often accompanied by reorganization of functional brain networks. Existing neurocognitive theories of aging have argued that such changes are either beneficial or det...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Naik S,Banerjee A,Bapi RS,Deco G,Roy D

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delays in sensorimotor loops have led to the proposal that reaching movements are primarily under pre-programmed control and that sensory feedback loops exert an influence only at the very end of a trajectory. The present review challenges this view. Although behavioral data suggest that a motor plan is assembled prio...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Desmurget M,Grafton S

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of speech can be studied independently of the evolution of language, with the advantage that most aspects of speech acoustics, physiology and neural control are shared with animals, and thus open to empirical investigation. At least two changes were necessary prerequisites for modern human speech abiliti...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Fitch WT

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms of learning is important for both fundamental and clinical neuroscience. We present a neurophysiologically inspired framework for understanding cortical mechanisms of feedback-guided learning. This framework is based on dynamic changes in systems-level oscillatory synchr...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cohen MX,Wilmes K,Vijver Iv

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00