Abstract：
:The evolutionary history of modern humans means much more than their demographic past. It includes the way in which humans have had to genetically adapt to the different environments they have encountered-nutritional, climatic or pathogenic-as well as the different epigenetic responses elicited by such environmental cues. Detecting how natural selection has affected human genome variability has proven to be a powerful tool to delineate genes and biological functions having played a key role in human adaptation, a variation which can also be involved in phenotypes of medical relevance. This article reviews several examples that illustrate well how different environmental pressures, particularly those imposed by pathogens and infectious diseases, have shaped the patterns of genetic and epigenetic variability currently observed in human populations.
journal_name
C R Bioljournal_title
Comptes rendus biologiesauthors
Quintana-Murci Ldoi
10.1016/j.crvi.2016.04.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-01 00:00:00pages
278-83issue
7-8eissn
1631-0691issn
1768-3238pii
S1631-0691(16)30028-2journal_volume
339pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Since the early 2000s, the genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (family Buthidae) has been the subject of an important number of studies. These concerned particularly the species belonging to the 'Buthus occitanus' complex. A number of populations previously considered as subspecies or varieties of B. occitanus Leach were raised ...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2015.10.002
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zearaja chilensis has been reported from Southern Brazil in the Southwest Atlantic (SWA) to northern Chile in the Southeast Pacific (SEP), and it was listed as vulnerable by the IUCN. Recent molecular studies have called into question the conspecificity between specimens from these opposite coasts of South America, wh...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2018.10.002
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I here provide some field observations and literature data showing that egg laying site availability could be the main limiting factor for most arboreal gecko population dynamics. Several natural (typhoons, volcanism, sea level variations) or human-mediated habitat modifications (garden openings in forested areas) pro...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2009.11.005
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evidence for amphibian population declines is based on count data that were not adjusted for detection probabilities. Such data are not reliable even when collected using standard methods. The formula C = Np (where C is a count, N the true parameter value, and p is a detection probability) relates count data to de...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00048-9
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enhanced stop codon readthrough is a potential treatment strategy for diseases caused by nonsense mutations. Here, we compare readthrough levels induced by three types of factors: aminoglycoside antibiotics, suppressor tRNAs, and factors decreasing translation termination efficiency. We show that the highest levels of...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2006.09.001
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patterns of wear on the canine teeth were examined in 260 adult male babirusa skulls. Video recordings of 161 adult male babirusas at salt licks in North Sulawesi were viewed for behaviour related to erosion of the canine teeth. Corresponding observations were made of the behaviour of male babirusa in Antwerp and Sura...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2017.03.006
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Females must evaluate male quality to perform mate choice. Since females generally base their selection on different male features, individual females may differ in their choice. In this study, we show that concordance between females in mate choice decisions may arise without any experimental maximization of a partic...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2012.01.004
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have isolated a cardiomyogenic cell line (CMG cell) from murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The cells showed a fibroblast-like morphology, but the morphology changed after 5-azacytidine exposure. They began spontaneous beating after 2 weeks, and expressed ANP and BNP. Electron microscopy revealed a cardiomy...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(02)01524-x
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of different neuropeptides exert powerful concerted controls on feeding behavior and energy balance, most of them being produced in hypothalamic neuronal networks under stimulation by anabolic and catabolic peripheral hormones such as ghrelin and leptin, respectively. These peptide-expressing neurons intercon...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2006.03.021
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The teratogenic effects of thermal stress were studied in the oviparous Italian wall lizard Podarcis sicula. To this purpose, the eggs were exposed to continuous or temporary cold (15°C) or warm (30°C) stresses and the effects were analysed at the cytological and molecular levels. The results demonstrated the lethalit...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2016.07.002
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A mitochondrial and nuclear gene analysis allowed us to precise the taxonomical position of the two sympatric species of mice known to be present on Cyprus. One of them is the commensal house mouse M. m. domesticus, and the other revealed to be a new taxon that is a sister species of M. spicilegus and M. macedonicus. ...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2004.03.001
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this work is to assess the use of (SPOT) multispectral visible infrared remote sensing to study microphytobentos assemblages in a shellfish ecosystem (Bay of Bourgneuf, France). SPOT satellite images (acquired at low tide in spring or autumn between 1986 and 1998) were calibrated using in situ radiometric d...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00125-2
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Chinese genome project was initiated in 1993 with the goal of contributing 1% to the Human Genome Program. The study of gene expression profiles with cDNA microarrays, and large-scale sequencing and analysis of 130928 expressed sequence tags (ESTs), allowed isolation and characterization of over 1000 novel full-le...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2003.09.021
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical resection of hepatic tumours is not always possible, since it depends on different factors, among which their location inside the liver functional segments. Alternative techniques consist in local use of chemical or physical agents to destroy the tumour. Radio frequency and cryosurgical ablations are examples...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(02)01439-7
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have demonstrated that, in a context of oxidative stress, resveratrol, a polyphenol found in wine, could act as a protective agent on endothelial cells by various mechanisms but without showing that it could penetrate inside the cell. The aim of this study was to detect for the first time resveratrol i...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2012.03.013
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This Note presents experimental evidence that a hyperbolic tissue flow plays an important role in the establishment of the organization plan of vertebrates. We have followed the development of chicken embryos from the gastrula stage up to the moment when the body plan is recognizable. We have found that establishment ...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2011.03.010
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study focuses on the potential of glucose oxidase (GOD) as a promising biocontrol agent for fungal plant pathogens. In fact, a new GOD producing fungus was isolated and identified as an Aspergillus tubingensis. GOD (125 AU) has been found to inhibit Fusarium solani growth and spore production. Indeed, GOD ...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2015.05.007
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plants recognize certain microbial compounds as elicitors in their active defence mechanisms. It has been shown that a series of defence reactions are induced in potato plant cells after treatment with water-soluble hyphal wall components prepared from Phytophthora infestans. In this study, a methanol extract from myc...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2015.01.004
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared the behaviour of six autochthonous pear millet ecotypes collected through the Tunisian territory under salt stress from germination to maturity. It showed that salt has little effect on germination rate and coleoptile emergence. However, this effect is more significant for radicular growth and betw...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2008.01.006
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plant breeding is a way of selection of a particular individual for the production of the progeny by separating or combining desired characteristics. The objective of this study was to justify different characteristics of Dioscorea hispida (Ubi gadong) varieties using molecular techniques to select the best variety fo...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2017.08.003
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies on the cognitive abilities of manatees are limited despite their importance for the environmental enrichment and welfare of individuals in captivity and the understanding of manatee behaviour in the wild. Our study analyses how the presence of new stimuli and their association with food may have changed the be...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.5802/crbiol.6
更新日期：2020-06-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important agricultural crops worldwide. However, water is the most important limiting factor for wheat production. This study was initiated to test water stress environmental effects on grain quality and nutritional value of wheat by using single different water conditio...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2009.03.003
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The history of selection of Daphnia magna populations living in North African temporary ponds may differ from populations inhabiting permanent ponds. Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the effect of fish Gambusia holbrooki and invertebrate Notonecta glauca kairomones on the life history traits of the fre...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2010.09.004
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We test relationships between structure of acoustic signal used for individual recognition and nesting ecology among two gulls: the black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus), in which chicks remain in the nest, and the slender-billed gull (L. genei), in which chicks leave the nest after hatching to form crèches. A striking...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00072-6
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eutypa dieback (dying arm disease, eutypiosis) is a very devastating disease in many grape-producing areas around the world. This vascular disease is induced by the ascomycete Eutypa lata Pers. Fr. Tul & C. Tul. invading the trunk by pruning wounds. The environmental factors and the nutritional requirements regulating...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2005.01.006
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper suggests three additions to the Hildebrand method for gait-pattern specification. The first allows an extension of this method by the use of the forelimb as reference. Thus, dataset could be gathered indifferently from fore or hindlimbs cycles to identify a symmetrical gait or compare gaits of diverse speci...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2003.11.005
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The green birdmouth wrasse Gomphosus caeruleus is present all year round on the coral reefs of Reunion Island (Indian Ocean). A group of individuals was followed on one of these reefs with the objective of studying the reproduction mode of the species, the influence of environmental factors, and social behaviors on th...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2017.11.004
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interfacial affinity between lignin model compound (dehydrogenation polymer [DHP]) and cellulose nanocristals (CN) was studied before building a nanocomposite cellulose/lignin in multilayer form by spin-coating method. The adsorption isotherm of DHP was measured by ellipsometry at the liquid/CN film interface and show...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2011.07.003
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Potato is the fourth staple food in the world, following rice, wheat, and maize, whereas tubers contain high quality of starch, relatively high amounts of vitamin C and many other important substances. It also contains relatively good quality of protein (about 3 to 6% of the dried weight) and patatin, and 11S globulin...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2013.09.002
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinically very heterogeneous, breast cancer prognosis and treatment response are difficult to predict with the current prognostic histoclinical parameters. Mammary oncogenesis remains poorly understood. DNA array technology allows the simultaneous analysis of the mRNA expression levels of thousands of genes in biolog...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2003.09.010
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
