Abstract：
:This paper suggests three additions to the Hildebrand method for gait-pattern specification. The first allows an extension of this method by the use of the forelimb as reference. Thus, dataset could be gathered indifferently from fore or hindlimbs cycles to identify a symmetrical gait or compare gaits of diverse species. On the basis of Hildebrand's definitions, the second suggestion permits to check the proportion of symmetrical and asymmetrical gaits adopted by different individuals of one or different species. The third addition makes a graphical clear-cut between four basic modes of gallops: rotary, transverse, half-bound and bound. These additions will facilitate extensive data comparison either to evaluate the range of variation within a single species or to specify the preferred gaits in diverse species.
journal_name
C R Bioljournal_title
Comptes rendus biologiesauthors
Renous S,Herbin M,Gasc JPdoi
10.1016/j.crvi.2003.11.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-02-01 00:00:00pages
99-103issue
2eissn
1631-0691issn
1768-3238pii
S1631-0691(03)00351-2journal_volume
327pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The first veterinary school in the world was created in Lyon in 1761 by an equerry, Claude Bourgelat (1712-1779), a man renowned for his skill in horsemanship and horse medicine, a man fully able to understand the issues of his time. Aware of the scope of the physiocratic movement and of the need to improve the health...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2012.02.005
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study is to investigate the genetic diversity, the relationships among six Tunisian wild cardoon populations (Cynara cardunculus var. sylvestris) and a Tunisian's population of cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis DC) in seven different geographical locations (Tiurif, Bahra, Zriba,...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2012.04.005
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The shoot apical meristem is a population of stem cells which controls the initiation of leaves, flowers and branches during the entire life of the plant. Although we have gained significant new insight in the nature of the genetic networks and cellular processes that control meristem function, major questions have re...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2009.09.008
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical resection of hepatic tumours is not always possible, since it depends on different factors, among which their location inside the liver functional segments. Alternative techniques consist in local use of chemical or physical agents to destroy the tumour. Radio frequency and cryosurgical ablations are examples...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(02)01439-7
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have demonstrated that, in a context of oxidative stress, resveratrol, a polyphenol found in wine, could act as a protective agent on endothelial cells by various mechanisms but without showing that it could penetrate inside the cell. The aim of this study was to detect for the first time resveratrol i...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2012.03.013
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various methods of suberin extraction have been used in order to identify monomers of this complex polymer. Pre-extraction of waxes has allowed us to identify for the first time 3-friedelanol as a terpen from cork. Moreover, the wax chemical composition found here varied from previous results since cerin was not ident...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2008.08.011
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pleistocene climatic changes shaped the patterns of biodiversity in Europe and around the Mediterranean. Describing the phylogeographic structure of animal populations and inferring past population dynamics is essential to develop a framework for conservation biology in Europe. Direct persecution, habitat loss, popula...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00038-6
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tomato seedlings grown on nitric medium and treated with various cadmium concentrations (0 to 50 microM) were used. Results obtained show that cadmium remains predominantly located in the roots, which then seem to play the role of trap-organs. Increasing cadmium concentration in the medium leads particularly to a decr...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2006.06.008
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epilithic diatom communities are particularly suitable for the evaluation of freshwater quality. In Ecuador, however, no water quality index includes this biotic parameter. This work is the first attempt in the country to determine the composition of epilithic diatom communities associated with different degrees of eu...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2018.03.008
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:5-(Hydroxymethyl)uracil, 5-formyluracil or 5-carboxyuracil can be formed in DNA upon exposure to ionizing radiations. We report the effect of the latter oxidative lesions on the in vitro transcription by T7 RNA polymerase using a single-stranded short model template. Kinetic experiments showed that the transcription y...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2005.07.003
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new high-elevation scorpion species of the genus Scorpiops is described from the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Scorpiops spitiensis sp. nov. is the second highest-elevation scorpion species in Asia and the first one from India occurring at elevations above 4200 m. The new species closely resembles Scorpiops pete...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2014.04.004
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Citrus trees are subject to several abiotic constraints such as salinity. Providing new rootstocks more tolerant is thus a requirement. In this article, we investigated salt stress tolerance of three tetraploid rootstock genotypes when compared to their respective diploid rootstocks (Poncirus trifoliata, Carrizo citra...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2008.06.007
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine if a type of unicoloniality exists in the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima in its native range, we conducted intraspecific aggressiveness tests in French Guiana between workers originating from 15 human-disturbed sites. We identified two "colonial groups" spread over 54 km and 12.5 km, respectively. Workers...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2011.01.007
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phylogeny, be it morphological or molecular, has long tried to explain the extant biodiversity by the Tree of Species, which is a logical consequence of strict Darwinian evolutionary principles. Through constant improvement of both methods and data sets, some parts of this diversity have actually been demonstrated to ...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2008.07.003
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present investigation, a total of 51 marine fungi were obtained from wood samples collected from four locations of Tamil Nadu (Tuthukudi, Chennai, Kanyakumari and Pichavaram), India. Out of these 51, 28 were ascomycetes, one was basidiomycete and 22 were mitosporic fungi. Maximum fungal diversity was encountere...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2008.03.008
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aphids are among the few organisms capable of reproducing either sexually or asexually. This plasticity in reproductive mode is viewed as an adaptive response to cope with seasonal changes. Clonal reproduction occurs during the growing season allowing rapid population increase, while sexual reproduction occurs during ...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2010.03.003
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For comparative primatology proper recognition of basal taxa (i.e. species) is indispensable, and in this the choice of a suitable gene with high phylogenetic resolution is crucial. For the goals of species identification in animals, the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) has been introduced as standard marker. Mak...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2009.10.003
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evidence for amphibian population declines is based on count data that were not adjusted for detection probabilities. Such data are not reliable even when collected using standard methods. The formula C = Np (where C is a count, N the true parameter value, and p is a detection probability) relates count data to de...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00048-9
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two ground-dwelling couas species, Coquerel's Coua Coua coquereli and Giant Coua Coua gigas, live in sympatry in the dry forest of Madagascar. These birds are typically insectivorous and mainly feed at ground level. The two species differ by size but have the same morphology, suggesting they have the same physical att...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2009.01.005
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male infertility is the cause in half of all childless partnerships. Numerous factors contribute to male infertility, including chromosomal aberrations and gene defects. Few data exist regarding the association of these chromosomal aberrations with male infertility in Arab and North African populations. We therefore a...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2014.02.006
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plant breeding is a way of selection of a particular individual for the production of the progeny by separating or combining desired characteristics. The objective of this study was to justify different characteristics of Dioscorea hispida (Ubi gadong) varieties using molecular techniques to select the best variety fo...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2017.08.003
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Chinese genome project was initiated in 1993 with the goal of contributing 1% to the Human Genome Program. The study of gene expression profiles with cDNA microarrays, and large-scale sequencing and analysis of 130928 expressed sequence tags (ESTs), allowed isolation and characterization of over 1000 novel full-le...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2003.09.021
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hardwood trees are able to reorient their axes owing to tension wood differentiation. Tension wood is characterised by important ultrastructural modifications, such as the occurrence in a number of species, of an extra secondary wall layer, named gelatinous layer or G-layer, mainly constituted of cellulose microfibril...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2004.07.006
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Females must evaluate male quality to perform mate choice. Since females generally base their selection on different male features, individual females may differ in their choice. In this study, we show that concordance between females in mate choice decisions may arise without any experimental maximization of a partic...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2012.01.004
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An agent-based model (AMB) used to simulate the spread of Human African Trypanosomiasis is presented together with the results of simulations of a focus of the disease. This model is a completely spatialized approach taking into account a series of often overlooked parameters such as human behaviour (activity-related ...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2003.12.002
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A numerical simulation for the dynamics of a model that describes the sexual phase of Monogonont Rotifera reproduction is presented. The simulation is carried out by means of a numerical method based on the integration along the characteristic curves. The numerical experiments cover two basic situations: the existence...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2003.08.006
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genus Pseudouroplectes Lourenço, 1995 (Buthidae) remains among the less speciose Malagasy genera and all the known species are extremely rare. A new species is described from the dry forests in the Tsingy formations of the National Park Bemaraha, extending the distribution of the genus further north. Once again, t...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2015.11.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Euryhaline Cichlid fish of the species Coptodon guineensis are present in different water holes situated in a dried depression in the desert in the extreme South of Morocco, the Sebkha of Imlili. A genetic survey of this population, using complete sequences of the ND2 gene (mtDNA) and sixteen microsatellite loci, reve...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2018.01.002
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I here provide some field observations and literature data showing that egg laying site availability could be the main limiting factor for most arboreal gecko population dynamics. Several natural (typhoons, volcanism, sea level variations) or human-mediated habitat modifications (garden openings in forested areas) pro...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.crvi.2009.11.005
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than 5 years after the description of the first cases of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), there is still great uncertainty about the size of the vCJD epidemic in the United Kingdom (UK), although the most recent predictions based on statistical modelling are more optimistic than the previous ones. The nu...
journal_title：Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1631-0691(02)01410-5
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
