Abstract:
:Aphids are among the few organisms capable of reproducing either sexually or asexually. This plasticity in reproductive mode is viewed as an adaptive response to cope with seasonal changes. Clonal reproduction occurs during the growing season allowing rapid population increase, while sexual reproduction occurs during late summer and leads to frost-resistant eggs that can survive winter conditions. This shift between these two extreme reproductive modes is achieved by using the same genotype, i.e. within the same genetic clone, and is triggered by photoperiodic changes perceived by the aphid brain or visual system. Advances have been made recently to depict genetic programs that relate to the regulation of reproductive modes in aphids. These studies have benefited from the rapid development of genomic and post-genomic resources obtained through the International Aphid Genomics Consortium. Here, we underline the importance of several candidate genes in the switch from clonal to sexual reproduction in aphids and whose roles await full validation. Besides reproductive mode variation expressed at the genotypic level, aphid species also frequently encompass lineages which have lost the sexual phase and hence the alternating clonal and sexual reproductive phases of the life cycle. This coexistence of sex and asexual reproduction within the same species raises questions on its evolutionary and ecological significance. We summarize the knowledge accumulated to date on the maintenance of sex as well as on the origin and evolution of asexuality in aphids. By combining functional genomics, genetic and ecological approaches on reproductive plasticity and polymorphism, we hope to obtain an integrative view of the evolutionary forces shaping aphid reproductive strategies, from gene to population and species levels.
journal_name
C R Bioljournal_title
Comptes rendus biologiesauthors
Simon JC,Stoeckel S,Tagu Ddoi
10.1016/j.crvi.2010.03.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
488-96issue
6-7eissn
1631-0691issn
1768-3238pii
S1631-0691(10)00108-3journal_volume
333pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The biological effect of seasonality on cadmium, lead and metallothionein contents was assessed in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis from natural banks located along the coastline of the Gulf of Naples (Campania, Italy). Heavy metals and metallothionein concentrations were measured in digestive and reproductive glands...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2014.05.003
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenotypic variability in nature is the most important feature for Darwinian adaptation, yet it has been rarely investigated in invasive species. Zaprionus indianus is an Afrotropical drosophilid species that have recently invaded the Palearctic and the Neotropical regions. Here, we compared the variability of three s...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2009.06.003
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This note presents a mechanistic explanation of the transition between the morphology of cephalochordates to that of amniotes. By a careful study of the morphogenetic movements which occur during the early stages of development of a typical amniote (a chicken embryo), we are able to show that the formation of a verteb...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2010.11.009
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell therapy was born in 1968 with the first allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells for two immune deficiency disorders: the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and the Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency (SCID). From this pioneering experience, thousands of patients affected with inherited or acquired diseases of t...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.04.003
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article demonstrates how that the effectiveness of nervous system in doing the computations essential to an organism can be based on using algorithms that are readily implemented by nervous system 'device biophysics'. Collective effects and collective algorithms that exploit their dynamics provide powerful potent...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00017-9
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A brief history of the development of genomics is provided. Complete sequencing of genomes of uni- and multicellular organisms is based on important progress in sequencing and bioinformatics. Evolution of these methods is ongoing and has triggered an explosion in data production and analysis. Initial analyses focused ...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2016.05.002
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article presents the floristic, structural, and syntaxonomical features of plant assemblages in temporary wetlands and the pattern of the corresponding habitat types; according to the Habitats Directive. Nine pristine temporary wetlands covering a wide range of shapes, elevations and substrates were monitored. Th...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2010.06.006
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discriminative canonical analysis of 87 biometric parameters in the marine and lagoon atherinids of 'Atherina boyeri' complex from the Mediterranean Sea helps defining three distinct atherinid groups: marine punctuated, marine unpunctuated and lagoon atherinids. Each atherinid group constitutes a clearly independent o...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1631-0691(02)01506-8
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) is a complex, which is composed of one pore-forming α subunit and at least one β subunit. Up to now, five β subunits are known: β1/β1A, β1B, β2, β3, and β4, encoded by four genes (SCN1B∼SCN4B). It is critical to have a deep understanding of the interaction between β1 and β3 subu...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2013.11.009
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genus Pseudouroplectes Lourenço, 1995 (Buthidae) remains among the less speciose Malagasy genera and all the known species are extremely rare. A new species is described from the dry forests in the Tsingy formations of the National Park Bemaraha, extending the distribution of the genus further north. Once again, t...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2015.11.001
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leaves, which play an essential role in plant photosynthesis, share common features such as being flat structures, but also show an impressive variability in their sizes and shapes. Following its initiation in the meristems, leaf development is patterned along three polarization axes to establish its basic architectur...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2010.01.013
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of Phragmanthera capitata (Sprengel) Balle, an epiphytic Loranthaceae, on latex production of three clones of rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis (Müll. Arg.), was studied in the industrial plantation of Mitzic, in Gabon. The 22-year-old trees, presenting the largest trunk circumference, were the most parasitiz...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2006.01.007
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant breeding is a way of selection of a particular individual for the production of the progeny by separating or combining desired characteristics. The objective of this study was to justify different characteristics of Dioscorea hispida (Ubi gadong) varieties using molecular techniques to select the best variety fo...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2017.08.003
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous study, we showed that estimates of the BSE epidemic in France were censored by cattle mortality and by a lack of diagnosis. Indeed, we estimated that 51 300 cattle were infected by the BSE agent between 1987 and 1997, whereas only 103 clinical BSE cases were detected by the passive surveillance system up...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2005.12.004
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mitochondrial and nuclear gene analysis allowed us to precise the taxonomical position of the two sympatric species of mice known to be present on Cyprus. One of them is the commensal house mouse M. m. domesticus, and the other revealed to be a new taxon that is a sister species of M. spicilegus and M. macedonicus. ...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2004.03.001
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study is to investigate the genetic diversity, the relationships among six Tunisian wild cardoon populations (Cynara cardunculus var. sylvestris) and a Tunisian's population of cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis DC) in seven different geographical locations (Tiurif, Bahra, Zriba,...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2012.04.005
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of molecular biology placed in the foreground a mechanistic and deterministic conception of the functioning of macromolecules. In this article, I show that this conception was neither obvious, nor necessary. Taking Jacques Monod as a case study, I detail the way he gradually came loose from a statistic...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2015.03.008
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The green birdmouth wrasse Gomphosus caeruleus is present all year round on the coral reefs of Reunion Island (Indian Ocean). A group of individuals was followed on one of these reefs with the objective of studying the reproduction mode of the species, the influence of environmental factors, and social behaviors on th...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2017.11.004
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigate skull size and shape differentiation between sibling species of Mastomys with the aim to characterize and discriminate three sympatric species found in West Africa: M. huberti, M. erythroleucus and M. natalensis. A total of 133 genetically determined specimens were used for the morphometr...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2008.11.004
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used self-organizing maps (SOM, neural network) to bring out patterns of benthic macroinvertebrate diversity in relation to river pollution. Fourteen stations were sampled over various seasons in the Nestore drainage basin (Central Italy) and characterized for macroinvertebrate communities, nutrient and heavy metal...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2015.04.006
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important agricultural crops worldwide. However, water is the most important limiting factor for wheat production. This study was initiated to test water stress environmental effects on grain quality and nutritional value of wheat by using single different water conditio...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2009.03.003
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To add to our understanding of dendrocoelid spermatozoa and to describe additional phylogenetic characters, the ultrastructure of the testis was investigated in the subterranean freshwater planarian Dendrocoelum constrictum. This is the first study investigating spermatogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure in a sub...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2014.07.004
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patterns of wear on the canine teeth were examined in 260 adult male babirusa skulls. Video recordings of 161 adult male babirusas at salt licks in North Sulawesi were viewed for behaviour related to erosion of the canine teeth. Corresponding observations were made of the behaviour of male babirusa in Antwerp and Sura...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2017.03.006
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Productivity (trophic energy) is one of the most important factors promoting variation in species richness. A variety of species-energy relationships have been reported, including monotonically positive, monotonically negative, or unimodal (i.e. hump-shaped). The exact form of the relationship seems to depend, among o...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.02.004
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hardwood trees are able to reorient their axes owing to tension wood differentiation. Tension wood is characterised by important ultrastructural modifications, such as the occurrence in a number of species, of an extra secondary wall layer, named gelatinous layer or G-layer, mainly constituted of cellulose microfibril...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2004.07.006
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fine regulation of the amiloride-sensitive Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC), made of alpha, beta and gamma subunits, is crucial for maintenance of Na+ balance and blood pressure. Both beta- and gamma-ENaC participate in negative regulation by interacting with Nedd4-2, an E3 ubiquitin-ligase. Disruption of this inter...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00154-9
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this work is to assess the use of (SPOT) multispectral visible infrared remote sensing to study microphytobentos assemblages in a shellfish ecosystem (Bay of Bourgneuf, France). SPOT satellite images (acquired at low tide in spring or autumn between 1986 and 1998) were calibrated using in situ radiometric d...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00125-2
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we have reported a simple, fast and efficient regeneration protocol using mature embryos as explants, and discovered its effective applicability to a range of Indica rice genotypes. We have considered the response of six varieties in the steps of the regeneration procedure. The results showed tha...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2015.04.004
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tomato seedlings grown on nitric medium and treated with various cadmium concentrations (0 to 50 microM) were used. Results obtained show that cadmium remains predominantly located in the roots, which then seem to play the role of trap-organs. Increasing cadmium concentration in the medium leads particularly to a decr...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2006.06.008
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Females must evaluate male quality to perform mate choice. Since females generally base their selection on different male features, individual females may differ in their choice. In this study, we show that concordance between females in mate choice decisions may arise without any experimental maximization of a partic...
journal_title:Comptes rendus biologies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2012.01.004
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00