Abstract:
:Biological processes are organized in time as innate rhythms defined by the period (τ), phase (peak [Φ] and trough time), amplitude (A, peak-trough difference) and mean level. The human time structure in its entirety is comprised of ultradian (τ < 20 h), circadian (20 h > τ < 28 h) and infradian (τ > 28 h) bioperiodicities. The circadian time structure (CTS) of human beings, which is more complicated than in lower animals, is orchestrated and staged by a brain central multioscillator system that includes a prominent pacemaker - the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus. Additional pacemaker activities are provided by the pineal hormone melatonin, which circulates during the nighttime, and the left and right cerebral cortices. Under ordinary circumstances this system coordinates the τ and Φ of rhythms driven by subservient peripheral cell, tissue and organ clock networks. Cyclic environmental, feeding and social time cues synchronize the endogenous 24 h clocks and rhythms. Accordingly, processes and functions of the internal environment are integrated in time for maximum biological efficiency, and they are also organized and synchronized in time to the external environment to ensure optimal performance and response to challenge. Artificial light at night (ALAN) exposure can alter the CTS as can night work, which, like rapid transmeridian displacement by air travel, necessitates realignment of the Φ of the multitude of 24 h rhythms. In 2001, Stevens and Rea coined the phrase "circadian disruption" (CD) to label the CTS misalignment induced by ALAN and shift work (SW) as a potential pathologic mechanism of the increased risk for cancer and other medical conditions. Current concerns relating to the effects of ALAN exposure on the CTS motivated us to renew our long-standing interest in the possible role of CD in the etiopathology of common human diseases and patient care. A surprisingly large number of medical conditions involve CD: adrenal insufficiency; nocturia; sleep-time non-dipping and rising blood pressure 24 h patterns (nocturnal hypertension); delayed sleep phase syndrome, non-24 h sleep/wake disorder; recurrent hypersomnia; SW intolerance; delirium; peptic ulcer disease; kidney failure; depression; mania; bipolar disorder; Parkinson's disease; Smith-Magenis syndrome; fatal familial insomnia syndrome; autism spectrum disorder; asthma; byssinosis; cancers; hand, foot and mouth disease; post-operative state; and ICU outcome. Poorly conceived medical interventions, for example nighttime dosing of synthetic corticosteroids and certain β-antagonists and cyclic nocturnal enteral or parenteral nutrition, plus lifestyle habits, including atypical eating times and chronic alcohol consumption, also can be causal of CD. Just as surprisingly are the many proven chronotherapeutic strategies available today to manage the CD of several of these medical conditions. In clinical medicine, CD seems to be a common, yet mostly unrecognized, pathologic mechanism of human disease as are the many effective chronotherapeutic interventions to remedy it.
journal_name
Chronobiol Intjournal_title
Chronobiology internationalauthors
Smolensky MH,Hermida RC,Reinberg A,Sackett-Lundeen L,Portaluppi Fdoi
10.1080/07420528.2016.1184678subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
1101-19issue
8eissn
0742-0528issn
1525-6073journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We analyzed the association between change in work schedule and modifications in nutritional status. We performed a panel study with nursing professionals based on two surveys seven year apart (n = 372). Groups with no change in work schedule, change from daytime to night shift, and change from night to daytime shift ...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2016.1167719
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Cushing's syndrome, the cortisol rhythm is impaired and can be associated with the disruption in the rhythmic expression of clock genes. In this study, we evaluated the expression of CLOCK, BMAL1, CRY1, CRY2, PER1, PER2, PER3 genes in peripheral blood leukocytes of healthy individuals (n = 13) and Cushing's disease...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2020.1758126
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present research aimed to investigate in a model of teleost fish (rainbow trout) the existence of daily changes in activity and mRNA abundance of several proteins involved in major pathways of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in liver, and to test whether or not both the light-dark cycle and food availability mig...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2015.1100633
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Night shiftworkers often complain of disturbed sleep during the day. This could be partly caused by morning sunlight exposure during the commute home, which tends to maintain the circadian clock on a daytime rhythm. The circadian clock is most sensitive to the blue portion of the visible spectrum, so our aim was to de...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420520903044398
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To compare the behavioral effects of sleep-loss sleepiness (performance impairment due to sleep loss) and sleep inertia (period of impaired performance that follows awakening), mean response latencies and number of lapses from a visual simple reaction-time task were analyzed. Three experimental conditions were designe...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420520802397228
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic analysis of Neurospora crassa has identified many mutants that affect the biological clock. In this article we review the cloning of two of these genes, frq and prd-4. Both genes were isolated using a chromosome walk technique. Subcloning experiments and subsequent Northern analysis of frq implicate the import...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/07420529209064532
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Light is an important environmental stimulus for the entrainment of the circadian clock and for increasing alertness. The intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cells in the retina play an important role in transferring this light information to the circadian system and they are elicited in particular by short-waveleng...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3109/07420528.2014.893242
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data on sleep or circadian abnormalities and metabolic disturbances in euthymic bipolar disorders are scarce and based on small sample sizes. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between sleep disturbances, chronotype and metabolic components in a large sample of euthymic patients with bipolar disorde...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2017.1332071
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of environmental (extracellular) pH on the sporulation rhythm in Neurospora crassa was investigated for wild-type (frq+) and the mutants chr, frq1, frq7, and frq8. In all mutants, including wild type, the growth rate was found to be influenced strongly by extracellular pH in the range 4-9. On the other h...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/cbi-100102109
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the impact of brief, unscheduled naps during work periods on alertness and vigilance in coastal pilots along the Great Barrier Reef. On certain routes, the duration of the work period can extend well beyond 24 h. Seventeen coastal pilots volunteered for the study, representing almo...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420520802106819
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eveningness has been suggested as a facilitating factor in adaptation to shift work, with several studies reporting evening chronotypes (E-types) as better sleepers when on night shifts. Conversely, eveningness has been associated with more sleep complaints during day shifts. However, sleep during day shifts has recei...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2015.1033425
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The validity of a commercially available wearable device for measuring total sleep time was examined in a sample of well-trained young athletes during night-time sleep periods and daytime naps. Participants wore a FitBit HR Charge on their non-dominant wrist and had electrodes attached to their face and scalp to enabl...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2018.1466800
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increased prevalence of circadian disruptions due to abnormal coupling between internal and external time makes the detection of circadian phase in humans by ambulatory recordings a compelling need. Here, we propose an accurate practical procedure to estimate circadian phase with the least possible burden for the ...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.820740
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigates if the serotoninergic system plays a role in chronotoxic effects of the anticancer agent oxaliplatin (l-OHP). Four groups of female rats (120 in total) synchronized with light-dark (12 h:12 h) were treated with: (i) saline, (ii) para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA, an inhibitor of serotonin biosynth...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/cbi-120015957
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The circadian clock and the hypoxic signaling pathway play critical roles in physiological homeostasis as well as in tumorgenesis. Interactions between both pathways have repeatedly been reported for mammals during the last decade, the molecular basis, though, has not been identified so far. Expression levels of oxyge...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2012.754447
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In two experiments, triazolam (2.5 and 1.5 mg/animal) failed to significantly enhance the rate of reentrainment of hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) to an 8-hr advance of their light-dark cycle. Evidently the phase-shifting effects of triazolam are not robust. The animals did not run much in their wheels in response to ...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420529009056952
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has long been recognized that older shift workers may have shorter and more disturbed day sleeps between successive night shifts than their younger colleagues. This has given rise to considerable concern over the safety of aging shift workers because of the increasing age of the work force and increases in retireme...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/07420520802106694
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the laboratory rat, a number of physiological parameters display seasonal changes even under constant conditions of temperature, lighting, and food availability. Since there is evidence that prolactin (PRL) is, among the endocrine signals, a major mediator of seasonal adaptations, the authors aimed to examine wheth...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2012.705936
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Light is necessary for life, and artificial light improves visual performance and safety, but there is an increasing concern of the potential health and environmental impacts of light. Findings from a number of studies suggest that mistimed light exposure disrupts the circadian rhythm in humans, potentially causing fu...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2018.1527773
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fabry disease is a progressive disease characterized by an enzymatic deficiency of acid alpha-galactosidase and glycosphingolipids storage within the lysosomes. The disease has two phenotypes: classic and nonclassic. Excessive daytime sleepiness is a common sign reported by patients and can be caused by a circadian rh...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2018.1560308
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous research, it was determined that the altitude of origin altered the parameters of photic entrainment and free-running rhythmicity of adult locomotor activity of the high-altitude Himalayan (haH) strain (Hemkund-Sahib, 4121 m above sea level) of Drosophila helvetica compared to the low-altitude Himalayan (l...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420520701649448
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The circadian melatonin rhythm is highly reproducible and generally not easily altered. The few perturbations that are capable of significantly changing either the amplitude or the pattern of the 24-h melatonin rhythm are summarized herein. Aging alters cyclic melatonin production by decreasing the amplitude of the no...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/07420529209064541
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian central pacemaker, driving circadian rhythms in behavior, physiology, and metabolism, is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. At the molecular level circadian clocks are based on a system of transcriptional/translational feedback loops oscillating with a period of about 24h. I...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/cbi-120022408
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular circadian clock mechanism is highly conserved between mammalian and avian species. Avian circadian timing is regulated at multiple oscillatory sites, including the retina, pineal, and hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Based on the authors' previous studies on the rat ovary, it was hypothesized ...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2010.530363
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight diurnally active (06:00-23:00 h) subjects were adapted for 2 days to the room conditions where the experiments were performed. Blood sampling for adenosine metabolites and metabolizing enzymes was done hourly during the activity span and every 30 min during sleep. The results showed that adenosine and its catabo...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420529609012650
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Groups of photorefractory female subtropical house sparrows, Passer domesticus, when treated with 6 weeks of a short photocycle (8L:16D) showed significant ovarian growth on their return to a long photocycle (15L:9D). A 6-hr photophase coupled with scotophase of varying durations does not terminate the refractory peri...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420529009056974
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian rhythms of plasma insulin, cortisol, and glucose concentrations were examined in scotosensitive (reproductively sensitive to inhibitory effects of short daylengths) and scotorefractory male and female Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) maintained on short (LD 10:14) and long (LD 14:10) daylengths. The ba...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528709078520
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The circadian clock regulates the daily rhythms of several physiological and behavioral processes. Disruptions in clock genes have been associated with obesity and related comorbidities. This study aimed to analyze the association of DNA methylation signatures at circadian rhythm pathway genes with body mass index (BM...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2018.1446021
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seasonal variations have been described in humans in several variables such as sleep, mood, appetite, food preferences, or body weight. We hypothesized that these variations could also influence the decrease in body weight rate in patients submitted to body weight loss interventions. Thus, here we tested the variation...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2019.1580716
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of chronotype (morning-type versus evening-type) living in a fixed sleep-wake schedule different from one's preferred sleep schedules on the time course of neurobehavioral performance during controlled extended wakefulness. The authors studied 9 morning-type and 9 eve...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2011.590623
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00