Abstract:
:Radiation is the most potent mode of cancer therapy; however, resistance to radiation therapy results in tumor relapse and subsequent fatality. The cancer stem cell (CSC), which has better DNA repair capability, has been shown to contribute to tumor resistance and is an important target for treatment. Signaling molecules such as Notch, Wnt, and DNA repair pathways regulate molecular mechanisms in CSCs; however, none of them have been translated into therapeutic targets. The RhoGTPases and their effector ROCK-signaling pathway, though important for tumor progression, have not been well studied in the context of radioresistance. There are reports that implicate RhoA in radioresistance. ROCK2 has also been shown to interact with BRCA2 in the regulation of cell division. Incidentally, statins (drug for cardiovascular ailment) are functional inhibitors of RhoGTPases. Studies suggest that patients on statins have a better prognosis in cancers. Data from our lab suggest that ROCK signaling regulates radioresistance in cervical cancer cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that Rho/ROCK signaling may be important for radiation resistance. In this review, we enumerate the role of Rho/ROCK signaling in stemness and radioresistance and highlight the need to explore these molecules for a better understanding of radioresistance and development of therapeutics.
journal_name
Stem Cells Intjournal_title
Stem cells internationalauthors
Pranatharthi A,Ross C,Srivastava Sdoi
10.1155/2016/5785786subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
5785786eissn
1687-966Xissn
1687-9678journal_volume
2016pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Tendinopathy is a tendon disorder characterized by activity-related pain, local edema, focal tenderness to palpation, and decreased strength in the affected area. Tendinopathy is prevalent in both athletes and the general population, highlighting the need to elucidate the pathogenesis of this disorder. Current treatme...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/4076578
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), including Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs), Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED), and Stem Cells From Apical Papilla (SCAP), have been extensively studied using highly sophisticated in vitro and in vivo systems, yielding substantially improved understanding of the...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/4209891
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress leads to the degeneration of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and photoreceptor cells. We evaluated the potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) as a therapeutic tool by studying the migration capacity of ASCs in vitro and their protective effect against RPE cell death under oxidativ...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/9682856
更新日期:2018-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Faced with the end stage of heart disease, the current treatments only slow worsening of heart failure. Stem cells have the potential of self-renewal and differentiation. It is expected to replace and repair damaged myocardium. But many clinical trials have shown that the stem cell therapy of heart failure is modest o...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4061/2011/310928
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing the success rate of rotator cuff healing remains tremendous challenge. Among many approaches, the possibility of activating resident stem cells in situ, without the need to isolate them from biopsies, could represent valuable therapeutic strategy. Along this line, it has been recently demonstrated that lipo...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/4373410
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Left-right symmetry breaking is a complex developmental process and an important part of embryonic axis development. As of yet, the biophysical mechanism behind LR asymmetry establishment remains elusive for the overall asymmetry of embryos as well as for the organ-specific asymmetry. Here, we demonstrate that inheren...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/1848605
更新日期:2018-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing lethal acute respiratory disease emerged in December 2019. The World Health Organization named this disease "COVID-19" and declared it a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Many studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their exosomes (...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2020/8835986
更新日期:2020-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::This study is aimed at investigating whether human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell- (hucMSC-) derived exosomes (hucMSC-exosomes) have a protective effect on acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Exosomes were characterized under transmission electron microscopy and the particles of exosomes were further examined thr...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/761643
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adipogenesis is the process through which preadipocytes differentiate into adipocytes. During this process, the preadipocytes cease to proliferate, begin to accumulate lipid droplets, and develop morphologic and biochemical characteristics of mature adipocytes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of adult stem ce...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2020/8892300
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to test the potential of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BD-MSCs) in improving tear production in a mouse model of Sjögren's syndrome dry eye and to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. NOD mice (n = 20) were randomized to receive i.p. injection of ster...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/3134543
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a strong predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. It is the result of complex mechanisms that include not only an increase in protein synthesis and cell size but also proliferating cardiac progenitor cells and the influx of bone marrow-derived cells developing into cardiomyoc...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/5720758
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a degenerative disease, characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, synovitis, and chronic pain. Due to the limited self-healing capacity in condylar cartilage, traditional clinical treatments have limited symptom-modifying and str...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2017/5979741
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin is the largest human organ. Skin continually reconstructs itself to ensure its viability, integrity, and ability to provide protection for the body. Some areas of skin are continuously exposed to a variety of environmental stressors that can inflict direct and indirect damage to skin cell DNA. Skin homeostasis is...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/7370642
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The migration of administered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to sites of injury via the bloodstream has been demonstrated. However, the underlying mechanisms of umbilical cord MSC adhesion to endothelial cells during transendothelial migration are still unclear. In this study, our data showed that IL-1β induced LFA-1 e...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/7267142
更新日期:2019-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::Beer is one of the most consumed alcoholic beverages in the world, rich in chemical compounds of natural origin with high nutritional and biological value. It is made up of water, barley malt, hops, and yeast. The main nutrients are carbohydrates, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, and other compounds such as polyphenol...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/8835813
更新日期:2020-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study is to determine if patients with chronic patellar tendinopathy will improve clinically after the inoculation of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs). Eight patients with chronic patellar tendinopathy were included. Patients averaged 24 years old (range 14-35). All patients were refractory ...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2012/953510
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cord blood transplantation (CBT) is an attractive alternative therapy in adult patients with advanced hematological malignancies in whom matched donors are unavailable. However, the risk of complications, especially infections, post-CBT increases the mortality rates in these patients. Although the incidence of acute a...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4061/2011/607569
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a hip disorder, and it threatens patients who require megadose of steroid therapies. Nowadays, no valid therapies can reverse the development of GC-induced ONFH once it occurs. Stem cell therapy to GC-induced ONFH would be a promising choice. Although ...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/1340252
更新日期:2018-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::We aim to investigate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) transplantation on irradiation-induced skeletal muscle fibrosis. Sixty-four rabbits were randomly divided into ASCs group and PBS group followed by irradiation at unilateral hip with a single dose of 80 Gy. Nonirradiated side with normal skeletal m...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/5638204
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cells are a promising cell source for regenerative medicine. Stem cell differentiation must be regulated for applications in regenerative medicine. Stem cells are surrounded by extracellular matrix (ECM) in vivo. The ECM is composed of many types of proteins and glycosaminoglycans that assemble into a complex str...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/6397820
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Damage to the nervous system can cause devastating diseases or musculoskeletal dysfunctions and transplantation of progenitor stem cells can be an excellent treatment option in this regard. Preclinical studies demonstrate that untreated stem cells, unlike stem cells activated to differentiate into neuronal lineage, do...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/1035374
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging, chronic inflammation, and environmental insults play an important role in a number of disease processes through alterations of the epigenome. In this review we explore how age-related changes in the epigenetic landscape can affect heterogeneity within the haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment and the deriv...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/5797521
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) coated by the extracellular matrix (ECM) on wound healing in diabetic rats. Methods:Mesenchymal stem cells were cocultured with ECM. Cell viabilities were evaluated using MTT assay. The diabetes model was established using both STZ and high-glucose/...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/9564869
更新日期:2019-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::Known problems of the autologous chondrocyte implantation motivate the search for cellular alternatives. The aim of the study was to test the potential of synovium-derived stem cells (SMSC) to regenerate cartilage using a matrix-associated implantation. In an osteochondral defect model of the medial femoral condyle in...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/4142031
更新日期:2018-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis, femoral head necrosis, and congenital bone defects are orthopedic disorders characterized by reduced bone generation and insufficient bone mass. Bone regenerative therapy primarily relies on the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and their ability to differentiate osteogenically. Icariin (ICA) is...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2019/5747298
更新日期:2019-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in WD40-repeat protein 62 (WDR62) are commonly associated with primary microcephaly and other developmental cortical malformations. We used human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) to examine WDR62 function during human neural differentiation and model early stages of human corticogenesis. Neurospheres lacking WD...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/7848932
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:Special hypoxic and hypertonic microenvironment in intervertebral discs (IVDs) decreases the treatment effect of cell transplantation. We investigated the hypothesis that hypoxic preconditioning (HP) could improve the therapeutic effect of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to IVD degeneration. Methods:BMSC...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/7564159
更新日期:2018-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Myocarditis is a common inflammatory cardiomyopathy, associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which can lead to chronic left ventricular dysfunction. Under conventional heart failure therapy, inflammatory cardiomyopathy typically has a progressive course, indicating a need for alternative therapeutic strategies to imp...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/353097
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic heart disease affects a majority of people, especially elderly patients. Recent studies have utilized autologous adult stem/progenitor cells as a treatment option to heal cardiac tissue after myocardial infarction. However, donor cells from aging patients are more likely to be in a senescent stage. Rejuvenati...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2018/9308301
更新日期:2018-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::Urine has become the source of choice for noninvasive renal epithelial cells and renal stem cells which can be used for generating induced pluripotent stem cells. The aim of this study was to generate a 3D nephrogenic progenitor cell model composed of three distinct cell types-urine-derived SIX2-positive renal progeni...
journal_title:Stem cells international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/3298432
更新日期:2019-05-02 00:00:00