A promising new mechanism of ionizing radiation detection for positron emission tomography: modulation of optical properties.

abstract：:This study evaluates the performance of the Bruker positron emission tomograph (PET) insert combined with a BioSpec 70/30 USR magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner using the manufacturer acceptance protocol and the NEMA NU 4-2008 for small animal PET. The PET insert is made of 3 rings of 8 monolithic LYSO crystals ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Gsell W,Molinos C,Correcher C,Belderbos S,Wouters J,Junge S,Heidenreich M,Vande Velde G,Rezaei A,Nuyts J,Cawthorne C,Cleeren F,Nannan L,Deroose CM,Himmelreich U,González Martínez AJ

更新日期：2020-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Kilovoltage intratreatment monitoring (KIM) is a novel real-time localization modality where the tumor position is continuously measured during intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or intensity modulated arc therapy (IMAT) by a kilovoltage (kV) x-ray imager. Adding kV imaging during therapy adds radiation dose...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Ng JA,Booth J,Poulsen P,Kuncic Z,Keall PJ

更新日期：2013-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Imaging of the microvasculature is often performed using contrast agents in combination with either ultrasound (US) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Contrast agents are used to enhance medical imaging by highlighting microvascular properties and function. Dynamic signal changes arising from the passage of contrast ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Chandrana C,Bevan P,Hudson J,Pang I,Burns P,Plewes D,Chopra R

更新日期：2011-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Although field area and object thickness are important parameters in comparisons of techniques for optimal reduction of scattered radiation to the image, they are in practice seldom varied. For this reason, we suggest that contrast degradation (CDF) and contrast improvement (CIF) factors be more frequently used and ap...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Carlsson GA,Carlsson CA,Nielsen B,Persliden J

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a completely automated algorithm for the detection of the spinal centreline and the centres of vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs in images acquired by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The developed methods are based on the analysis of the geometry of spinal structures an...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Stern D,Likar B,Pernus F,Vrtovec T

更新日期：2010-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The implementation of two algorithms for calculating dose distributions for radiation therapy treatment planning of intermediate energy proton beams is described. A pencil kernel algorithm and a depth penetration algorithm have been incorporated into a commercial three dimensional treatment planning system (Helax-TMS,...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Russell KR,Isacsson U,Saxner M,Ahnesjö A,Montelius A,Grusell E,Dahlgren CV,Lorin S,Glimelius B

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dose calculations were performed for a tissue phantom irradiated by uniform circular beams of negative pions with an assumed gaussian momentum distribution. The mean momentum of the pions was varied from 104.4 to 171.5 MeV/c (mean range 5-20 cm in unit-density tissue) and the momentum spread from 0 to 5% of the mean. ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Hamm RN,Wright HA,Turner JE

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elliptically polarized magnetic fields induce higher currents in the body compared with their plane polarized counterparts. This investigation examines the degree of vector ellipticity of extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) in the home, with regard to the adverse health effects reportedly associated with...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Ainsbury EA,Conein E,Henshaw DL

更新日期：2005-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Infrared measurements have been used to profile or image biological tissue, including human skin. Usually, analysis of such measurements has assumed that infrared absorption is due to water and collagen. Such an assumption may be reasonable for soft tissue, but introduction of exogenous agents into skin or the measure...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Viator JA,Choi B,Peavy GM,Kimel S,Nelson JS

更新日期：2003-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The established theory for the collection efficiency of an ionisation chamber irradiated by a series of uniform short pulses is extended to the more complex case of irradiation in a pulsed and electromagnetically swept electron beam. The radial variation of exposure rate is assumed to be Gaussian with scale constant e...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Boag JW

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In medical imaging different techniques have been developed to gain information from inside a tissue. Optoacoustics is a method to generate tomography pictures of tissue using Q-switched laser pulses. Due to thermal and pressure confinement, a short light pulse generates a pressure distribution inside tissue, which mi...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Köstli KP,Frenz M,Bebie H,Weber HP

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a hybrid multiobjective (MO) evolutionary optimization algorithm (MOEA) for intensity-modulated radiotherapy inverse planning and apply it to optimize the number of incident beams, their orientations and intensity profiles. The algorithm produces a set of efficient solutions, which represent different clini...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Schreibmann E,Lahanas M,Xing L,Baltas D

更新日期：2004-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a joint preservation procedure for developmental dysplasia of the hip. Such a procedure requires osteotomy of the medial wall of the acetabulum, which may cause the narrow of the bony birth canal and increase the risk of complications during the childbirth process in the future. Using...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Shao L,Li H,Liu X,Wang Y,Shi L,Ai D,Fan J,Song H,Zhang H,Yang J

更新日期：2021-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study is to investigate the use of mathematical morphology for the determination of left ventricular contours in scintigraphic images using multigated radionuclide angiography. We have developed a completely automatic method that first restores the image with a Wiener filter, then finds the region wher...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Pladellorens J,Serrat J,Castell A,Yzuel MJ

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A Gaussian convolution kernel K is deduced as a Green's function of a Lie operator series. The deconvolution of a Gaussian kernel is developed by the inverse Green's function K(-1). A practical application is the deconvolution of measured profiles Dm(x) of photons and protons with finite detector size to determine the...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Ulmer W,Kaissl W

更新日期：2003-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We experimentally investigated the SPECT recovery of I-131 activity in multiple spheres located simultaneously at different locations within a cylindrical phantom that had an elliptical cross section. The sphere volumes ranged from 209 cc down to 4.2 cc. A Prism 3000 camera and two types of parallel-hexagonal-hole col...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Koral KF,Yendiki A,Dewaraja YK

更新日期：2007-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Energy and spatial projection distributions were simulated for gamma camera imaging of multiple order Compton scattered photons. SPECT imaging of a line source of radioactivity located in a water filled cylindrical phantom was modelled using Monte Carlo techniques. Photon trajectories were followed from emission to de...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Floyd CE,Jaszczak RJ,Harris CC,Coleman RE

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most solid-state detectors, including 3D dosimeters, show lower signal in the Bragg peak than expected, a process termed quenching. The purpose of this study was to investigate how variation in chemical composition of a recently developed radiochromic, silicone-based 3D dosimeter influences the observed quenching in p...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Høye EM,Skyt PS,Balling P,Muren LP,Taasti VT,Swakoń J,Mierzwińska G,Rydygier M,Bassler N,Petersen JB

更新日期：2017-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of protons varies with multiple physical and biological factors. Phenomenological RBE models have been developed to include such factors in the estimation of a variable RBE, in contrast to the clinically applied constant RBE of 1.1. In this study, eleven published phenomenol...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Rørvik E,Fjæra LF,Dahle TJ,Dale JE,Engeseth GM,Stokkevåg CH,Thörnqvist S,Ytre-Hauge KS

更新日期：2018-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate angiogenic compositions and tumour response in the course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. Thirteen patients with LABC underwent serial DCE MRI during the course of chemotherapy. DCE MRI w...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Chang YC,Huang CS,Liu YJ,Chen JH,Lu YS,Tseng WY

更新日期：2004-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory gating can reduce the apparent respiratory motion during imaging and treatment; however, residual motion within the gating window remains. Respiratory training can improve respiratory reproducibility and, therefore, the efficacy of respiratory-gated radiotherapy. This study was conducted to determine wheth...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： George R,Ramakrishnan V,Siebers JV,Chung TD,Keall PJ

更新日期：2006-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The convergence rates of the fast Padé transform (FPT) and the fast Fourier transform (FFT) are compared. These two estimators are used to process a time-signal encoded at 4 T by means of one-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for healthy human brain. It is found systematically that at any level of trun...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Belkić D,Belkić K

更新日期：2005-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared two methods of estimating the cellular radiosensitivity of a heterogeneous tumour, namely, via cell-survival and via tumour control probability (TCP) pseudo-experiments. It is assumed that there exists intra-tumour variability in radiosensitivity and that the tumour consists predominantly of radiosens...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Stavrev P,Stavreva N,Ruggieri R,Nahum A

更新日期：2015-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel, PVA-C, is presented as a tissue-mimicking material, suitable for application in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and ultrasound imaging. A 10% by weight poly(vinyl alcohol) in water solution was used to form PVA-C, which is solidified through a freeze-thaw process. The number of freeze-thaw...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Surry KJ,Austin HJ,Fenster A,Peters TM

更新日期：2004-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:An original method for the analysis of oscillations of cutaneous blood flow has been developed, which makes use of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) data and is based on the continuous wavelet transform and adaptive wavelet theory. The potential of the method has been demonstrated in experiments with the response of micro...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Tankanag A,Chemeris N

更新日期：2008-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is presented for extraction of intra and inter fraction motion of seeds/markers within the patient from cone beam CT (CBCT) projection images. The position of the marker is determined on each projection image and fitted to a function describing the projection of a fixed point onto the imaging panel at differe...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Marchant TE,Amer AM,Moore CJ

更新日期：2008-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Two detectors for fast two-dimensional (2D) and quasi-three-dimensional (quasi-3D) verification of the dose delivered by radiotherapy beams have been developed at University and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Torino. The Magic Cube is a stack of strip-segmented ionization chambers interleaved with wat...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Cirio R,Garelli E,Schulte R,Amerio S,Boriano A,Bourhaleb F,Coutrakon G,Donetti M,Giordanengo S,Koss P,Madon E,Marchetto F,Nastasi U,Peroni C,Santuari D,Sardo A,Scielzo G,Stasi M,Trevisiol E

更新日期：2004-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Speed of sound (SOS) measurements, typically made using 1 MHz broadband pulses, are increasingly used in the clinical diagnosis of bone disorders. Previous in vitro studies indicate that broadband ultrasound pulses are susceptible to distortion in cancellous bone, leading to imprecise arrival time and SOS measurements...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Pollintine P,Haddaway MJ,Davie MW

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gel dosimetry based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has previously been shown to provide verification of calculated dose distributions in soft tissue equivalent homogeneous phantoms. This study demonstrates how measurements of dose distribution can also be achieved in a phantom containing porous, lung-equivalent, ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Olberg S,Skretting A,Bruland O,Olsen DR

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scanned ion pencil beams carry a low-dose envelope which can extend up to several centimeters from the individual beam central axis. Depending on the energy and species of the beam, this halo consists mainly of secondary particles produced by nuclear interactions in the target or of particles undergoing multiple Coulo...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Schwaab J,Brons S,Fieres J,Parodi K

更新日期：2011-12-21 00:00:00