Pharmacological Properties of Melanin and its Function in Health.

abstract：:The cannabinoid 1 receptor antagonist AM 251 is known to block the inhibitory effects of endocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoid agonists on transmitter release through an action at presynaptic cannabinoid 1 receptors in brain. We examined the ability of AM 251 to inhibit sodium channel-dependent functions and the ...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Liao C,Zheng J,David LS,Nicholson RA

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays a pathogenic role in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a naturally occurring phenolic acid. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of RA on DN and to elucidate the potential mechanism. High glucose (HG)-stimulated cultured human renal proximal...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Jiang WL,Xu Y,Zhang SP,Hou J,Zhu HB

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our objective was to identify the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes that metabolise pioglitazone and to examine the effects of the CYP2C8 inhibitors montelukast, zafirlukast, trimethoprim and gemfibrozil on pioglitazone metabolism in vitro. The effect of different CYP isoform inhibitors on the elimination of a clinically ...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Jaakkola T,Laitila J,Neuvonen PJ,Backman JT

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One major prerequisite for an orally administered drug is the ability to cross the intestinal epithelia from intestinal lumen into the blood circulation. Therefore, the absorption potential of molecules is studied early on during the drug development process. Permeation experiments using cultured cell monolayers are o...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Heikkinen AT,Korjamo T,Mönkkönen J

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are ionotropic glutamate receptors widely distributed in the central nervous system, and have been extensively investigated for their roles in embryonic development, synaptic plasticity and neuroexcitoxicity. Their functions in the peripheral nervous system and non-neural tissues ...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Shen L,Li L,She H,Yue S,Li C,Luo Z

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioids alter resting state brain oscillations by multiple and complex factors, which are still to be elucidated. To increase our knowledge, multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was subjected to multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), to identify the most descriptive frequency bands and scalp locations altered by ...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Graversen C,Malver LP,Kurita GP,Staahl C,Christrup LL,Sjøgren P,Drewes AM

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signalling molecule that has been suggested to be a key molecule for induction and maintenance of migraine attacks based on clinical studies, animal experimental studies and the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunoreactivity within the trigeminovascular system. Sensitisati...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Jansen-Olesen I,Zhou M,Zinck T,Xu CB,Edvinsson L

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural oils are extensively used in cosmetics and as treatment for a growing number of more or less specific ailments. Skin irritation and cases of allergy have repeatedly been described in the literature following exposure to these oils. The present study evaluated the extent to which three natural oils (eucalyptus ...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Nielsen JB

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quercetin is a plant flavonoid with several biological activities. This study aimed to describe quercetin effects on contractile and electrophysiological properties of the cardiac muscle as well as on calcium handling. Quercetin elicited positive inotropism that was significantly reduced by propranolol indicating an i...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Santos MS,Oliveira ED,Santos-Miranda A,Cruz JS,Gondim ANS,Menezes-Filho JER,Souza DS,Pinho-da-Silva L,Jesus ICG,Roman-Campos D,Guatimosim S,Lara A,Conde-Garcia EA,Vasconcelos CML

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In view of paediatric drug development, regulatory authorities often request safety studies in juvenile animals, including minipigs. Unfortunately, knowledge on the ontogeny of the biotransformation processes in animal models remains scarce and impedes a correct interpretation of the toxicity findings. CYP3A4 is one o...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Van Peer E,De Bock L,Boussery K,Van Bocxlaer J,Casteleyn C,Van Ginneken C,Van Cruchten S

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin D deficiency seems to be implicated in the onset and progression of some autoimmune disorders. No previous study has investigated vitamin D homeostasis in post-partum thyroiditis. We compared 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels between four groups of non-lactating women who gave birth with...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Krysiak R,Kowalska B,Okopien B

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the influence of single or repeated low-level sarin inhalation exposure on immune functions, inbred BALB/c mice were exposed to low clinically asymptomatic concentrations of sarin for 60 min. in the inhalation chamber. The evaluation of immune functions was carried out using phenotyping of CD3 (T-lymphocytes)...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Kassa J,Krocová Z,Sevelová L,Sheshko V,Kasalová I,Neubauerová V

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are widely used in the treatment of pain, including bone fracture pain and orthopaedic post-operative pain. The gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse effects of NSAIDs are acknowledged, but their effects o...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Vuolteenaho K,Moilanen T,Moilanen E

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies have suggested that human exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields from the electric power and to mobile phone radiofrequency electromagnetic fields induce an increased risk of developing malignant tumours. However, no adequate laboratory data, in particular long-term carcinog...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Soffritti M,Giuliani L

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methionine-choline-deficient diet represents a model for the study of the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. Male rats were divided into three groups, the first group receiving a control diet and the other two groups receiving a methionine-choline-deficient diet for 1 month (MCD1) and for 2 months (MCD2), respectively. ...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Jordao AA,Zanutto ME,Domenici FA,Portari GV,Cecchi AO,Zucoloto S,Vannucchi H

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potent neurotoxin saxitoxin (STX) belongs to a group of structurally related analogues produced by both marine and freshwater phytoplankton. The toxins act by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels stopping the inflow of sodium ions and the generation of action potentials. Exposure from marine sources occurs as a ...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： O'Neill K,Musgrave IF,Humpage A

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the 1970s, we have known that aspirin can reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia. However, the underlying mechanisms explaining this risk reduction are poorly understood. Both cyclooxygenase (COX)-1- and COX-2-dependent effects might be involved. As a consequence of this knowledge hiatus, the optimal dose and timing o...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Mirabito Colafella KM,Neuman RI,Visser W,Danser AHJ,Versmissen J

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Imbalanced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, including MMP-2, has been demonstrated in pre-eclampsia. However, little is known about the effect of polymorphisms in MMP-2 gene on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We examined whether two functional MMP-2 polymorphisms (g.-1306C>T and g.-735C>T) are associate...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Palei AC,Sandrim VC,Amaral LM,Machado JS,Cavalli RC,Lacchini R,Duarte G,Tanus-Santos JE

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies that block cytokine function provide a powerful therapeutic tool especially for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Cytokines are a group of small hydrophilic glycoproteins that bind their receptors on the cell surface and subsequently activate intracellular signalling cascades, such as the JAK/STAT pathw...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Aittomäki S,Pesu M

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium nitrite (NaNO(2))-induced methemoglobinaemia on plasma ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and corresponding changes of blood-ionized magnesium (iMg(2+)) as well as total magnesium (tMg(2+)) in a time-dependent manner. This study was performed on male Sprague-...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Rahman MM,Kim SJ,Kim GB,Hong CU,Lee YU,Kim SZ,Kim JS,Kang HS

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selenium is an essential trace element with growth-modulating properties. Decades of research clearly demonstrate that selenium compounds inhibit the growth of malignant cells in diverse experimental model systems. However, the growth-modulating and cytotoxic mechanisms are diverse and far from clear. Lately, a remark...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Wallenberg M,Misra S,Björnstedt M

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing size of spontaneous report data sets and the increasing capability for screening such data due to increases in computational power has led to a recent increase in interest and use of data mining on such data. While data mining plays an important role in the analysis of spontaneous reports, there is gene...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Bate A,Edwards IR

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary or acquired resistance of tumours to established chemotherapeutic regimens is a major concern in oncology. Attempts to improve the survival of cancer patients largely depend on strategies to prevent tumour cell resistance. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy with a combination of other drugs such as irino...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Jung GR,Kim KJ,Choi CH,Lee TB,Han SI,Han HK,Lim SC

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In previous studies we have reported that NQ301, a synthetic 1,4-naphthoquinone derivative, displays a potent antithrombotic activity, and that this might be due to antiplatelet effect, which was mediated by the inhibition of cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization in activated platelets. In the present study, the effect of NQ3...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Jin YR,Cho MR,Lee KS,Lee JJ,Lim Y,Han XH,Oh KW,Hong JT,Yoo HS,Yun YP

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the influence of variations in the carboxylesterase 1 gene (CES1) on the pharmacokinetics of enalapril. Forty-three healthy, Danish, Caucasian volunteers representing different pre-defined genotypes each received 10 mg of enalapril. At specified time-points, plasma concentrations of enalapril a...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Stage C,Jürgens G,Guski LS,Thomsen R,Bjerre D,Ferrero-Miliani L,Lyauk YK,Rasmussen HB,Dalhoff K,INDICES Consortium (for members of this consortium-see Supplementum).

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decades, a number of new antimuscarinic drugs have been introduced for treatment of the overactive bladder (OAB), defined symptomatically (OAB syndrome) or urodynamically (detrusor overactivity). Recently, three new drug principles have been approved for clinical use, the β3 -adrenoceptor agonist, mirabegr...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Andersson KE

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural dietary antioxidants are extensively studied for their ability to protect cells from miscellaneous damages. Origanum majorana L., Lamiaceae, is a potent antioxidant. The effect of administration of O. majorana (volatile oil, alcoholic and aqueous extracts) on oral administration of lead acetate in the diet of ...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： el-Ashmawy IM,el-Nahas AF,Salama OM

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of salvianolic acid A, a novel antioxidant, against oxidative stress and acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in rats, and the mechanisms underlying its protective effects. Administration of CCl(4) to rats caused severe hepatic d...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Wu ZM,Wen T,Tan YF,Liu Y,Ren F,Wu H

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim was to investigate systemic exposure after administration of a novel bupivacaine lozenge in healthy individuals with normal mucosa and in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients with oral mucositis. A lozenge containing 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg bupivacaine, respectively, was administered as single dose to 10 healthy in...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Mogensen S,Sverrisdóttir E,Sveinsdóttir K,Treldal C,Jensen K,Jensen AB,Kristensen CA,Jacobsen J,Kreilgaard M,Petersen J,Andersen O

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brodalumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-17 receptor A leading to an inhibition of the biological effect of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-17A/F heterodimer, IL-17C and IL-17E isoforms. It has shown to be efficacious in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis (210 mg administered subcutaneousl...

journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

authors： Timmermann S,Hall A

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00