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Belief-bias reasoning in non-clinical delusion-prone individuals.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:It has been proposed that people with delusions have difficulty inhibiting beliefs (i.e., "doxastic inhibition") so as to reason about them as if they might not be true. We used a continuity approach to test this proposal in non-clinical adults scoring high and low in psychometrically assessed delusion-proneness. High delusion-prone individuals were expected to show greater difficulty than low delusion-prone individuals on "conflict" items of a "belief-bias" reasoning task (i.e. when required to reason logically about statements that conflicted with reality), but not on "non-conflict" items. METHODS:Twenty high delusion-prone and twenty low delusion-prone participants (according to the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory) completed a belief-bias reasoning task and tests of IQ, working memory and general inhibition (Excluded Letter Fluency, Stroop and Hayling Sentence Completion). RESULTS:High delusion-prone individuals showed greater difficulty than low delusion-prone individuals on the Stroop and Excluded Letter Fluency tests of inhibition, but no greater difficulty on the conflict versus non-conflict items of the belief-bias task. They did, however, make significantly more errors overall on the belief-bias task, despite controlling for IQ, working memory and general inhibitory control. LIMITATIONS:The study had a relatively small sample size and used non-clinical participants to test a theory of cognitive processing in individuals with clinically diagnosed delusions. CONCLUSIONS:Results failed to support a role for doxastic inhibitory failure in non-clinical delusion-prone individuals. These individuals did, however, show difficulty with conditional reasoning about statements that may or may not conflict with reality, independent of any general cognitive or inhibitory deficits.

journal_name

J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry

journal_title

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry

authors

Anandakumar T,Connaughton E,Coltheart M,Langdon R

doi

10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.08.016

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-03-01 00:00:00

pages

211-218

eissn

0005-7916

issn

1873-7943

pii

S0005-7916(16)30077-5

journal_volume

54

pub_type

杂志文章

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