Efficient Monte Carlo evaluation of resampling-based hypothesis tests with applications to genetic epidemiology.

abstract：:In many applications of zero-inflated models, score tests are often used to evaluate whether the population heterogeneity as implied by these models is consistent with the data. The most frequently cited justification for using score tests is that they only require estimation under the null hypothesis. Because this es...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Hsu WW,Todem D,Mawella NR,Kim K,Rosenkranz RR

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Health data may be collected across one spatial framework (e.g. health provider agencies), but contrasts in health over another spatial framework (neighbourhoods) may be of policy interest. In the UK, population prevalence totals for chronic diseases are provided for populations served by general practitioner practice...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Congdon P

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper is concerned with stochastic models for the spread of an epidemic among a community of households, in which individuals mix uniformly within households and, in addition, uniformly at a much lower rate within the population at large. This two-level mixing structure has important implications for the threshol...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Ball F,Lyne O

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In many experiments and especially in translational and preclinical research, sample sizes are (very) small. In addition, data designs are often high dimensional, i.e. more dependent than independent replications of the trial are observed. The present paper discusses the applicability of max t-test-type statistics (mu...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Konietschke F,Schwab K,Pauly M

更新日期：2020-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The positivity assumption, or the experimental treatment assignment (ETA) assumption, is important for identifiability in causal inference. Even if the positivity assumption holds, practical violations of this assumption may jeopardize the finite sample performance of the causal estimator. One of the consequences of p...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Ju C,Schwab J,van der Laan MJ

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metagenomics enables the study of gene abundances in complex mixtures of microorganisms and has become a standard methodology for the analysis of the human microbiome. However, gene abundance data is inherently noisy and contains high levels of biological and technical variability as well as an excess of zeros due to ...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Jonsson V,Österlund T,Nerman O,Kristiansson E

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we discuss a decision theoretic or fully Bayesian approach to the sample size question in clinical trials with binary responses. Data are assumed to come from two binomial distributions. A Dirichlet distribution is assumed to describe prior knowledge of the two success probabilities p1 and p2. The param...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Pezeshk H,Nematollahi N,Maroufy V,Marriott P,Gittins J

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past two decades, it has become increasingly clear that genetic factors contribute to the aetiology of many common diseases including cancers, coronary disease, allergy and psychiatric disorders. While one goal of genetic epidemiological studies is to locate susceptibility genes for these complex diseases, it i...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Liang KY,Beaty TH

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric cardiac surgery may lead to poor outcomes such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS). Plasma and urine biomarkers may help with early identification and prediction of these adverse clinical outcomes. In a recent multi-center study, 311 children undergoing cardiac surgery we...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Wang Z,Ma S,Zappitelli M,Parikh C,Wang CY,Devarajan P

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Surveys are key means of obtaining policy-relevant information not available from routine sources. Bias arising from non-participation is typically handled by applying weights derived from limited socio-demographic characteristics. This approach neither captures nor adjusts for differences in health and related behavi...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Gray L,Gorman E,White IR,Katikireddi SV,McCartney G,Rutherford L,Leyland AH

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Appropriate handling of aggregate missing outcome data is necessary to minimise bias in the conclusions of systematic reviews. The two-stage pattern-mixture model has been already proposed to address aggregate missing continuous outcome data. While this approach is more proper compared with the exclusion of missing co...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Spineli LM,Kalyvas C,Papadimitropoulou K

更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Cohen's kappa coefficient, κ, is a statistical measure of inter-rater agreement or inter-annotator agreement for qualitative items. In this paper, we focus on interval estimation of κ in the case of two raters and binary items. So far, only asymptotic and bootstrap intervals are available for κ due to its complexity. ...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Shan G,Wang W

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regression models are frequently used to model the functional relationship between an interesting outcome parameter and one or more potentially relevant explanatory variables. Objectives can be to set up as a prognostic model, for example, or an estimation model for a certain parameter of interest. Determining half-li...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Mayer B,Keller F,Syrovets T,Wittau M

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mixed models estimated by maximum likelihood and marginal models estimated by generalized estimating equations are the standard methods for the analysis of longitudinal data. However, their use is highly debated when attrition may be due to death. While some authors consider that mixed model estimates are interpretabl...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Rouanet A,Helmer C,Dartigues JF,Jacqmin-Gadda H

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early phase trials of complex interventions currently focus on assessing the feasibility of a large randomised control trial and on conducting pilot work. Assessing the efficacy of the proposed intervention is generally discouraged, due to concerns of underpowered hypothesis testing. In contrast, early assessment of e...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Wilson DT,Walwyn RE,Brown J,Farrin AJ,Brown SR

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimation of the effect of a binary exposure on an outcome in the presence of confounding is often carried out via outcome regression modelling. An alternative approach is to use propensity score methodology. The propensity score is the conditional probability of receiving the exposure given the observed covariates a...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Williamson E,Morley R,Lucas A,Carpenter J

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several epidemiological parameters have been introduced for quantifying the population impact of a certain exposure on morbidity on a population level, termed 'attributable risk' (AR). Of these definitions, the AR as suggested by Levin in 1953 or some algebraic transformations of it are most commonly used. A structure...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Uter W,Pfahlberg A

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Optimal therapeutic decisions can be made according to disease prognosis, where the residual lifetime is extensively used because of its straightforward interpretation and formula. To predict the residual lifetime in a dynamic manner, a longitudinal biomarker that is repeatedly measured during the post-baseline follow...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Lin X,Li R,Yan F,Lu T,Huang X

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Classification with a large number of predictors and biomarker discovery become increasingly important in biological and medical research. This paper focuses on performing classification of cardiovascular diseases based on electrocardiogram analysis which deals with many variables and a lot of measurements within vari...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Zhou Y,Huang R,Yu S,Ma Y

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simple mechanistic epidemic models are widely used for forecasting and parameter estimation of infectious diseases based on noisy case reporting data. Despite the widespread application of models to emerging infectious diseases, we know little about the comparative performance of standard computational-statistical fra...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Li M,Dushoff J,Bolker BM

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A dynamic treatment regime is a set of decision rules for how to treat a patient at multiple time points. At each time point, a treatment decision is made depending on the patient's medical history up to that point. We consider the infinite-horizon setting in which the number of decision points is very large. Specific...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Goldberg Y,Pollak M,Mitelpunkt A,Orlovsky M,Weiss-Meilik A,Gorfine M

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article aims to develop a probability-based model involving the use of direct likelihood formulation and generalised linear modelling (GLM) approaches useful in estimating important disease parameters from longitudinal or repeated measurement data. The current application is based on infection with respiratory sy...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Mwambi H,Ramroop S,White Lj,Okiro E,Nokes Dj,Shkedy Z,Molenberghs G

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the clinical development of some new infectious disease drugs, early clinical pharmacology trials may predict with high confidence that the efficacious doses are well below the range of the safety margin. In this case, a dose-ranging study may be unnecessary after a proof-of-concept (PoC) study testing the highest ...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Fan XF,Gallo P,Su G,Menton R,Segal F

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article is motivated by the need for discovering patterns of patients' health based on their daily settings of care to aid the health policy-makers to improve the effectiveness of distributing funding for health services. The hidden process of one's health status is assumed to be a continuous smooth function, cal...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Wang S,Nie Y,Sutherland JM,Wang L

更新日期：2020-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatial resolution plays an important role in functional magnetic resonance imaging studies as the signal-to-noise ratio increases linearly with voxel volume. In scientific studies, where functional magnetic resonance imaging is widely used, the standard spatial resolution typically used is relatively low which ensure...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Liu Z,Bartsch AJ,Berrocal VJ,Johnson TD

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variable selection in semiparametric mixed models for longitudinal data remains a challenge, especially in the presence of multiple correlated outcomes. In this paper, we propose a model selection procedure that simultaneously selects fixed and random effects using a maximum penalized likelihood method with the adapti...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Li Z,Liu H,Tu W

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most statistical developments in the joint modelling area have focused on the shared random-effect models that include characteristics of the longitudinal marker as predictors in the model for the time-to-event. A less well-known approach is the joint latent class model which consists in assuming that a latent class s...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Proust-Lima C,Séne M,Taylor JM,Jacqmin-Gadda H

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical trials investigating the efficacy of two or more doses of an experimental treatment compared to a single reference arm are not uncommon. In such situations, if each dose is compared to the reference arm using an un-adjusted significance level, consideration of the Type I familywise error is likely to be requi...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Fernandes N,Stone A

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multilevel models were originally developed to allow linear regression or ANOVA models to be applied to observations that are not mutually independent. This lack of independence commonly arises due to clustering of the units of observations into 'higher level units' such as patients in hospitals. In linear mixed model...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Rabe-Hesketh S,Yang S,Pickles A

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The classical and most commonly used approach to building prediction intervals is the parametric approach. However, its main drawback is that its validity and performance highly depend on the assumed functional link between the covariates and the response. This research investigates new methods that improve the perfor...

journal_title：Statistical methods in medical research

authors： Roy MH,Larocque D

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00