Abstract:
:Surveys are key means of obtaining policy-relevant information not available from routine sources. Bias arising from non-participation is typically handled by applying weights derived from limited socio-demographic characteristics. This approach neither captures nor adjusts for differences in health and related behaviours between participants and non-participants within categories. We addressed non-participation bias in alcohol consumption estimates using novel methodology applied to 2003 Scottish Health Survey responses record-linked to prospective administrative data. Differences were identified in socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol-related harm (hospitalisation or mortality) and all-cause mortality between survey participants and, from unlinked administrative sources, the contemporaneous general population of Scotland. These were used to infer the number of non-participants within each subgroup defined by socio-demographics and health outcomes. Synthetic observations for non-participants were then generated, missing only alcohol consumption. Weekly alcohol consumption values among synthetic non-participants were multiply imputed under missing at random and missing not at random assumptions. Relative to estimates adjusted using previously derived weights, the obtained mean weekly alcohol intake estimates were up to 59% higher among men and 16% higher among women, depending on the assumptions imposed. This work demonstrates the universal value of multiple imputation-based methodological advancement incorporating administrative health data over routine weighting procedures.
journal_name
Stat Methods Med Resjournal_title
Statistical methods in medical researchauthors
Gray L,Gorman E,White IR,Katikireddi SV,McCartney G,Rutherford L,Leyland AHdoi
10.1177/0962280219854482subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-01 00:00:00pages
1212-1226issue
4eissn
0962-2802issn
1477-0334journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Improving the quality of care that patients receive is a major focus of clinical research, particularly in the setting of cardiovascular hospitalization. Quality improvement studies seek to estimate and visualize the degree of variability in dichotomous treatment patterns and outcomes across different providers, where...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217754230
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early phase trials of complex interventions currently focus on assessing the feasibility of a large randomised control trial and on conducting pilot work. Assessing the efficacy of the proposed intervention is generally discouraged, due to concerns of underpowered hypothesis testing. In contrast, early assessment of e...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280215589507
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the limitation of solely relying on statistical significance, researchers have proposed methods to draw biomedical conclusions based on clinical significance. The minimal clinically important significance is one of the most fundamental concepts to study clinical significance. Based on an anchor question ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280219850191
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer mortality risk estimates are essential for planning resource allocation and designing and evaluating cancer prevention and management strategies. However, mortality figures generally become available after a few years, making necessary to develop reliable procedures to provide current and near future mortality ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280212446366
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the field of diagnostic studies for tree or umbrella ordering, under which the marker measurement for one class is lower or higher than those for the rest unordered classes, there exist a few diagnostic measures such as the naive AUC ( NAUC), the umbrella volume ( UV), and the recently proposed TAUC, i.e. area unde...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280218755810
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many experiments and especially in translational and preclinical research, sample sizes are (very) small. In addition, data designs are often high dimensional, i.e. more dependent than independent replications of the trial are observed. The present paper discusses the applicability of max t-test-type statistics (mu...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280220970228
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment (REACT) was a multisite trial testing a community intervention to reduce the delay between onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and patients' arrival at a hospital emergency department. The study employed a group-randomized trial design, with ten communities r...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/096228020000900204
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cluster analysis via a finite mixture model approach is considered. With this approach to clustering, the data can be partitioned into a specified number of clusters g by first fitting a mixture model with g components. An outright clustering of the data is then obtained by assigning an observation to the component to...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0962280204sm372ra
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cluster-level dynamic treatment regimens can be used to guide sequential treatment decision-making at the cluster level in order to improve outcomes at the individual or patient-level. In a cluster-level dynamic treatment regimen, the treatment is potentially adapted and re-adapted over time based on changes in the cl...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217708654
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling is a popular approach to describe the temporal trajectory of repeated measurements of clinical endpoints collected over time in clinical trials, to distinguish the within-subject and the between-subject variabilities, and to investigate clinically important risk factors (covariates) th...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280218812595
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is debate whether clinical trials with suboptimal power are justified and whether results from large studies are more reliable than the (combined) results of smaller trials. We quantified the error rates for evaluations based on single conventionally powered trials (80% or 90% power) versus evaluations based on ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280212461098
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cure rate models have been widely adopted for characterizing survival data that have long-term survivors. Under a mixture cure rate model where the population is a mixture of cured and susceptible subjects, a primary goal is to study covariate effects on the cure probability and survival function of the susceptible su...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217708684
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-parametric linkage analysis examines similarities among affected relatives in alleles of one or more genetic markers (pieces of DNA at known locations on a chromosome). The objective is to evaluate departures from the null hypothesis that the markers are not near a disease gene. Under the null hypothesis, Mendel's...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096228020101000103
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Censored data make survival analysis more complicated because exact event times are not observed. Statistical methodology developed to account for censored observations assumes that patients' withdrawal from a study is independent of the event of interest. However, in practice, some covariates might be associated to b...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280216628900
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most diagnostic accuracy measures and criteria for selecting optimal cut-points are only applicable to diseases with binary or three stages. Currently, there exist two diagnostic measures for diseases with general k stages: the hypervolume under the manifold and the generalized Youden index. While hypervolume under th...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280215611631
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a novel likelihood method for analyzing time-to-event data when multiple events and multiple missing data intervals are possible prior to the first observed event for a given subject. This research is motivated by data obtained from a heart monitor used to track the recovery process of subjects experiencing...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280212466089
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of medical imaging devices often involves clinical studies where multiple readers (MR) read images of multiple cases (MC) for a clinical task, which are often called MRMC studies. In addition to sizing patient cases as is required in most clinical trials, MRMC studies also require sizing readers, since both...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280219869370
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article aims to develop a probability-based model involving the use of direct likelihood formulation and generalised linear modelling (GLM) approaches useful in estimating important disease parameters from longitudinal or repeated measurement data. The current application is based on infection with respiratory sy...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280210385749
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accuracy of a diagnostic test, which is often quantified by a pair of measures such as sensitivity and specificity, is critical for medical decision making. Separate studies of an investigational diagnostic test can be combined through meta-analysis; however, such an analysis can be threatened by publication bias....
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280218791602
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agreement between two methods of clinical measurement can be quantified using the differences between observations made using the two methods on the same subjects. The 95% limits of agreement, estimated by mean difference +/- 1.96 standard deviation of the differences, provide an interval within which 95% of differenc...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096228029900800204
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Optimal therapeutic decisions can be made according to disease prognosis, where the residual lifetime is extensively used because of its straightforward interpretation and formula. To predict the residual lifetime in a dynamic manner, a longitudinal biomarker that is repeatedly measured during the post-baseline follow...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217753466
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article is motivated by the need for discovering patterns of patients' health based on their daily settings of care to aid the health policy-makers to improve the effectiveness of distributing funding for health services. The hidden process of one's health status is assumed to be a continuous smooth function, cal...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280220951834
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Guarding against false positive selections is important in many applications. We discuss methods based on subsampling and sample splitting for controlling the expected number of false positives and assigning p-values. They are generic and especially useful for high-dimensional settings. We review encouraging results f...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280211428371
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer survival trend analyses are essential to describe accurately the way medical practices impact patients' survival according to the year of diagnosis. To this end, survival models should be able to account simultaneously for non-linear and non-proportional effects and for complex interactions between continuous v...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280218779408
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Classification with a large number of predictors and biomarker discovery become increasingly important in biological and medical research. This paper focuses on performing classification of cardiovascular diseases based on electrocardiogram analysis which deals with many variables and a lot of measurements within vari...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217699996
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Joint modelling of longitudinal biomarker and event-time processes has gained its popularity in recent years as they yield more accurate and precise estimates. Considering this modelling framework, a new methodology for evaluating the time-dependent efficacy of a longitudinal biomarker for clinical endpoint is propose...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280216673084
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many longitudinal studies, evaluating the effect of a binary or continuous predictor variable on the rate of change of the outcome, i.e. slope, is often of primary interest. Sample size determination of these studies, however, is complicated by the expectation that missing data will occur due to missed visits, earl...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280212437452
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::One purpose of a longitudinal study is to gain a better understanding of how an outcome of interest changes among a given population over time. In what follows, a trajectory will be taken to mean the series of measurements of the outcome variable for an individual. Group-based trajectory modelling methods seek to iden...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280215598806
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Couples with diseases associated with the sexual chromosomes, as well as families in countries where the desire for a male is extreme, are interested in influencing the sex of the baby. We propose an original composite likelihood approach to analyse the relation between sex of the newborn and timing of the intercourse...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217702415
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reviews models for incomplete continuous and categorical longitudinal data. In terms of Rubin's classification of missing value processes we are specifically concerned with the problem of nonrandom missingness. A distinction is drawn between the classes of selection and pattern-mixture models and, using sev...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096228029900800105
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00