Abstract:
:Autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) is defined as a neutrophil count <1.5 × 109/L caused by increased peripheral destruction of neutrophils from an underlying autoimmune mechanism in which autoantibodies are directed against a patient's own neutrophils. AIN has a multifactorial etiology ranging from an idiopathic primary phenomenon to secondary disorders associated with established autoimmune diseases. Primary AIN is more prevalent in children, generally self-limited, and typically manifests as a sole hematologic abnormality. Secondary AIN is more common in adults and often occurs in the setting of concurrent autoimmune diseases, infections, malignancies, or medications. It may be seen posttransplantation or occasionally with neurological diseases. Various laboratory modalities are used to detect anti-neutrophil antibodies. Although biologic agents such as rituximab and alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) have been used in the management of AIN, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor remains the first-line therapy. In this article we provide a review of the pathogenesis of AIN, its clinical presentation, and the current treatment options.
journal_name
South Med Jjournal_title
Southern medical journalauthors
Afzal W,Owlia MB,Hasni S,Newman KAdoi
10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000637subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-04-01 00:00:00pages
300-307issue
4eissn
0038-4348issn
1541-8243pii
SMJ50365journal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The vast majority of acute iron toxicity cases occur in children less than 5 years of age. Moreover, clinical hepatic injury is uncommon with most symptoms stemming from the intestinal tract (eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea). Therefore, physicians, particularly those who do not routinely treat pediatric patients, are o...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.SMJ.0000152546.05519.FE
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported the case of a 19-year-old black man with sickle cell disease who had swelling over the right frontal and periorbital areas. Plain roentgenograms and CT scans were consistent with frontal sinus disease. At trephination, however, sterile liquescent blood clot was found in the frontal sinus. Awareness of...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198712000-00019
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Accurate and consistent documentation of pain management, including patient responses regarding improvement in pain scores, is essential for improving patient care. The objective of the project was to evaluate the current prescribing patterns and to review the current documentation for opioid-managed, chroni...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3182296f20
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenytoin has traditionally been used for both prophylaxis and acute treatment of alcohol withdrawal seizures. With the exception of a well defined subgroup of withdrawing patients, this may not be appropriate. Chronic anticonvulsant therapy is not indicated without evidence of another underlying seizure diathesis. ...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-197809000-00015
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A clinical diagnosis of meningitis in neonates is difficult because of paucity of physical findings. In older infants and children, nuchal rigidity, Kernig's or Brudzinski's sign, or bulging fontanelles are sought. A review of 1,064 cases of bacterial meningitis beyond the neonatal period revealed that 16 (1.5%) patie...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198204000-00018
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 46-year-old woman had features of acute pulmonary edema soon after taking hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for the first time. Although 31 cases of HCTZ-induced pulmonary edema have been reported in the world literature since it was first described in 1968, little is known about this clinical entity. Because its presence ...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-199911000-00013
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last five years, much information has been gathered about the efficacy of several technics for managing obesity. Hospitalization with fasting, surgery, drugs, weight reducing clubs, and behavior modification methods have proven efficacious for select groups of obese individuals. Methods of behavior modification...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-197602000-00004
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In metabolic alkalosis, a compensatory decrease in alveolar ventilation with hypercapnia has been noted only rarely. We recently managed a patient with gastric outlet obstruction from a duodenal ulcer who survived after arriving in the emergency room comatose with severe hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, compensatory...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198610000-00025
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 15th case of maternal death associated with sepsis in pregnancy in a patient using the Dalkon Shield intrauterine device is reported. Intrauterine sepsis appears to be a complication of the use of this device. B acteria enter the uterus during pregnancy through the multifilament tail of the device. The management ...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-197702000-00042
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of fatal and nonfatal pulmonary embolism (PE) was evaluated in a series of 578 patients, to quantify the suspected higher risk in cancer patients of death from massive PE when compared with patients not having cancer. PE occurred in 13% and was fatal in 8% of noncancer patients. It occurred in 17% and wa...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198007000-00005
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We reviewed our experience with thyroid sonography of 60 patients with nonfunctioning (cold) solitary thyroid nodules proven by iodine 123 scan. Twenty-two patients had surgery; the remaining 38 had thyroid scan and ultrasound only. In the first group, the echograms did not demonstrate the surgically proven nodules in...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198409000-00024
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with blunt hepatic injury can safely be managed nonoperatively if they show hemodynamic stability. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is a useful adjunct in the treatment of patients who show evidence of continued hemorrhage or who have pooling of contrast material on computed tomography (CT). In these...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In children, intramural duodenal hematomas resulting from blunt abdominal trauma are generally managed nonoperatively with nasogastric suction and parenteral nutrition. Experience with three cases in which this form of treatment failed caused us to reappraise its benefits and results. Consequently, we now recommend su...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007611-198808000-00011
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proximal gastric vagotomy is a useful operation for duodenal ulcer disease that is intractable to medical management. It is also useful in selected patients with acute duodenal ulcer perforation. We present an overview of the indications for proximal gastric vagotomy, along with its results. The major benefits of prox...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007611-198906000-00014
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a rare disease involving the pulmonary vascular circuit, is defined as an elevation in pulmonary arterial pressures and is characterized by symptoms of dyspnea, chest pain, and syncope. If left untreated, the disease carries a high mortality rate, with the most common cause of de...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31802f2ff1
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A woman with stable diabetes presented with hypoglycemia and decreased insulin requirement. Further history suggested decreasing pituitary function. Laboratory tests confirmed pituitary deficiencies, associated with her increased insulin sensitivity. It may be helpful to be aware of this syndrome when dealing with dia...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198001000-00033
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause profound alterations in the bone marrow. These alterations can mimic the more serious diagnosis of acute leukemia. The two patients described in this report were originally suspected of having acute leukemia or myelodysplasia on the basis of the bone marrow smear, and induction chemoth...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.SMJ.0000082003.98003.88
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Semiquantitative amniotic fluid volume (AFV) determination is a component of the fetal biophysical profile (BPP). To assess decreased AVF we did BPPs of 174 fetuses within 1 week of delivery. Two methods were used: measurement of the single largest vertical pocket (oligohydramnios = depth < 1 cm) and the four-quadrant...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-199304000-00011
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported a fatal complication of a therapeutic dose of ipecac syrup administered in a hospital emergency room. This child received 15 ml of ipecac syrup shortly after ingesting one to five tablets of chlorpheniramine maleate (4 mg). A prolonged course of vomiting (more than 24 hours) eventually resulted in gas...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198706000-00031
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 24 elderly patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia confirmed by transtracheal aspiration, six had concomitant infection with gram-negative aerobic bacilli. All six patients were elderly men with underlying cardiopulmonary disease. Three had had recent prior episodes of gram-negative pneumonia and four had ...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198102000-00004
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the spring term of 1975, rubella was diagnosed in 23 students at Georgetown University in Washington, DC. The cases were concentrated among students from the School of Foreign Service and their close contacts; outbreaks did not appear in other divisions of the university. Rubella immunization of susceptible fem...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is uncommon. Four cases are presented. The average age is in the sixth decade. Early diagnosis is difficult and prognosis is generally poor. Efforts toward earlier detection and treatment are recommended. ...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198002000-00045
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, 1,027 healthy men over age 40 were screened for prostate cancer with digital rectal examinations (DRE) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Findings were abnormal in 189 (18%). PSA levels alone were abnormal (> 4.0 ng/mL) in 111 men (12%), 60 men (8%) had abnormal DRE and normal PSA, and 18 men h...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-199407000-00009
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reviewed 60 consecutive cases, occurring in 57 patients, of intramedullary fixation of fractures of the midshaft of the tibia done over a ten-year period with the Lottes nail. Of 50 acute fractures, 38 were open fractures, nailed after adequate irrigation and debridement; the other 12 were closed fractures. Th...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198104000-00015
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of the adult respiratory distress syndrome requires an understanding of the current concepts of the pathogenesis of this syndrome. The clinical features and pathophysiology are briefly discussed. Differential diagnosis requires the exclusion of pulmonary infection and left heart failure. Therapy is aimed at ...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007611-197811000-00028
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have described an unusual case of tuberculous sacroiliitis associated with adrenal insufficiency, with details of radiologic studies and review of the literature concerning tuberculous sacroiliitis. ...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-198309000-00032
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) in the detection of breast implant rupture, and also to determine the relative merits of clinical examination and mammography, we studied 81 patients (160 implants). All patients had implants removed, thus allowing co...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-199604000-00009
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-three anterior staple capsulorrhaphies of the shoulder were reviewed at an average 49.7 months postoperatively (range 12 to 127 months); one postoperative dislocation occurred. The patients' quality of athletic participation improved with surgical therapy in 50%, remained the same in 38%, and was lowered in 12%...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-199005000-00009
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies on the impact of rib fractures after blunt trauma have shown a linear relationship between age, increasing number of rib fractures, and complications, including mortality. Others have documented that age-related morbidity increases before age 65 in trauma patients. We hypothesize that patients...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000203815.29757.d3
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 54-year-old woman, perhaps the oldest living American black with homozygous beta thalassemia, has had a relatively benign clinical course since her case was first reported two decades ago. Despite progressive splenomegaly, she has remained active without blood transfusions. This case emphasizes the mildness of homoz...
journal_title:Southern medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007611-197609000-00041
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00