Abstract：
:During a 17-month period (01/11/85-05/31/86) 225 cases of nosocomial diarrhea were identified in a children's hospital. Diarrhea was considered to be nosocomial if it began at least 72 hours after the patient's hospital admission or within 3 days after discharge. One or more routine diagnostic studies for identification of a pathogen were performed in 195 (87%) cases. The most commonly performed test was the bacterial stool culture. None of these samples yielded a bacterial pathogen. The only pathogens detected by routine laboratory studies were rotavirus (61/137 [45%] samples were positive for rotavirus by ELISA) and Clostridium difficile (9/54 [17%] positive for toxin). Of the patients whose tests were positive for rotavirus 56 were younger than 2 years of age, and all were identified in the winter and spring. When multiple stool samples were tested by the diagnostic laboratory, rotavirus was identified in an additional 14 patients whose initial stool samples were negative for rotavirus. All patients whose tests were positive for C. difficile toxin had received antibiotics within the previous 3 months. Ova/parasites were not detected in 53 of the tested stools. We also identified enteric adenovirus in six patients. Viruses were identified in 95 (42%) of the 225 cases of nosocomial gastroenteritis. Nosocomial diarrhea is common in a children's hospital. Rotavirus is the most commonly identified pathogen. Rotavirus testing is valuable in children with nosocomial diarrhea who are younger than 2 years of age, especially in the winter and spring. Multiple samples may be necessary to identify rotavirus. C. difficile toxin assay should be considered for patients who are receiving or who have received antibiotics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Am J Infect Controljournal_title
American journal of infection controlauthors
Brady MT,Pacini DL,Budde CT,Connell MJdoi
10.1016/0196-6553(89)90021-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-04-01 00:00:00pages
77-82issue
2eissn
0196-6553issn
1527-3296pii
0196-6553(89)90021-7journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Surgical site infection (SSI) is an important clinical indicator of quality of patient care and infection control; therefore, we aimed to assess risk factors SSI in colon and gastric surgeries. METHODS:SSI was assessed according to the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) system (1999). Risk fa...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2007.12.011
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We illustrate how genotyping of mycobacterial strains contributed to the discovery of an undetected outbreak of tuberculosis in a hospital ward, ruling out misleading assumptions of transmission chains. Genotyping should be taken into account in routine tests for the control of tuberculosis. ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.03.003
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection control practitioners working within health care facilities are charged with the providing of in-service education programs for all new employees and volunteers as well as for all hospital departments, at least annually. To be effective, each program should be customized to meet the needs of the group for wh...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(82)80032-1
更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies taken from different hospitalized patient populations, environments, and geographic regions reveal differences in the numbers and species of organisms colonizing the skin. Our aim was to determine the types and amounts of skin flora, and examine the factors associated with variations in microbial ski...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mic.2003.64
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many studies have examined hand hygiene (HH) frequency and adherence in response to various interventions. This study used 2 methods to determine HH frequency and adherence to see how well the outcomes correlated. METHODS:HH frequency was measured over 4, 1-month periods (phases 1-4), using 2 methods: an au...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2005.07.006
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Catheter-associated urinary tract infections represent a significant medical burden in critically ill children. Ethanol locks have been shown to be effective and safe for central line-associated bloodstream infection prevention and we propose utilizing this strategy for urinary catheters. Because this has never been d...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.05.012
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are uniquely positioned to improve treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) through targeted interventions, studies to date have not rigorously evaluated the influence of ASP involvement on clinical outcomes attributed to CDI. METHODS:We performed...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.05.027
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Contamination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is a major problem in the world. Although 2% glutaraldehyde (GA) is widely used as a disinfectant for bronchoscope cleaning, recently, GA-tolerant mycobacteria have been isolated, which makes this problem more complicated. METHODS:We studied the susceptibility t...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2003.07.007
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is a lack of empiric evidence regarding the optimal approach to controlling the transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). In this context, we expect that infection control practices for these organisms vary wid...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.11.008
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report for the first time 2 cases of multidrug-resistant Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 isolated from blood samples of patients without cystic fibrosis from a pediatric unit in a hospital in India. The first patient presented with community-acquired bacteremia, and the second patient was immunocompromised and devel...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2010.10.034
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyzed a set of clinical parameters using Cox proportional hazard regressions to yield significant factors associated with the development of ventilator-associated events. In our study, intubation site, certain comorbidities, morphine, prednisone, and nutrition emerged as factors. Additionally, we presented poten...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2018.09.024
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hand cleanliness is important in hospital infection control, but skin irritation from frequent alcohol-based hand rub use reduces compliance. We have compared a new copper biocide/Aloe vera-based biocidal hand rub (Xgel) with 7 commercially available hand rubs. METHODS:Hand rubs were cultured with human ski...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2008.09.011
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The role of the infection preventionist (IP) has become increasingly complex, underscoring the need for rapid mechanisms of knowledge acquisition. One mechanism for knowledge acquisition is knowledge-sharing through social networks. In a state such as Kentucky with predominantly rural health care facilities,...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.05.018
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In 1999, licensed health care facilities in California (N = 2532) were invited to participate in a survey about occupational bloodborne pathogens exposure surveillance activities, recordkeeping methods, and use of safety-enhanced sharps devices. RESULTS:A total of 1274 facilities responded to the survey fro...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mic.2002.122646
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous data suggest that nursing students in the United States are inadequately protected against hepatitis B. This survey focused on the immunization and education practices, infection control knowledge, and follow-up to infectious disease exposure by U.S. nursing schools. METHODS:To ascertain education ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(05)80175-0
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The purpose of this quality improvement project was to determine the effect of providing feedback to managers and bedside nurses on the nurses' central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) contributing factors, found on visual and documentation audits. METHODS:This nonexperimental, quality improve...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.09.020
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study assessed reporting behavior and satisfaction with postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) systems among health care workers (HCWs) at risk for occupational bloodborne pathogen exposure (BPE) in 3 public hospitals in Botswana. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey among HCWs provided information on perceptions,...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.01.027
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Better characterization of risk factors for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria is important for prevention, control, and treatment. This study aimed to identify risk factors for ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in a population of patients at an acute care urban teaching hospital. METHODS...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.04.001
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Health care-associated infections (HCAIs) are preventable with adoption of recognized preventive measures. The first step is to identify patients at higher risk of HCAI. This study aimed to identify patient risk factors (RFs) present on admission and acquired during inpatient stay which could be associated w...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2017.03.036
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of health care-associated infections (HAI) in our university hospitals (UH) and to delineate the risk factors associated with HAI. METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional study in the 2 UH of Sfax, Tunisia on July 2017, including all patients hospitalized...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2019.01.008
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The overall risk of infection from medical devices is very low, but high infection transmission rates have been related to inadequate reprocessing of arthroscopic shavers and flexible duodenoscopes. Monitoring of manual and automated cleaning is needed to ensure that inadequately cleaned medical devices are recleaned ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2012.12.006
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.11.004
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The predominant form of life for the majority of microorganisms in any hydrated biologic system is a cooperative community termed a "biofilm." A biofilm on an indwelling urinary catheter consists of adherent microorganisms, their extracellular products, and host components deposited on the catheter. The biofilm mode o...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2003.08.005
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In 1990, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended substituting dust-mist particulate respirators for simple isolation masks in acid-fast bacillus isolation rooms, reasoning that air leaks around the simple masks could result in a higher rate of purified protein derivative skin-test conversi...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-6553(94)90030-2
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in our neonatal and adult intensive care units. Using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction, we showed spatial and temporal associations with clonal identity between patients' and adjacent faucets' clones. Both units' taps wer...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.05.029
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nosocomial infection (NI) is a cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Conducting an audit of deaths due to NI is a potentially useful approach to improving professional standards. In France, these deaths are required to be reported, but the reporting is left to clinicians, who often do not comply. The aim...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2010.04.216
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Clostridium difficile is the usual and most important cause of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous enterocolitis. The source of nosocomial acquisition of the organism in nonepidemic settings has not been determined. METHODS:Epidemiologic and microbiologic studies were conducted in a community-teaching ho...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-6553(94)90070-1
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The coronavirus pandemic resulted in a shortage of protective equipment. To meet the request of eye-protecting devices, an interdisciplinary consortium involving practitioners, researchers, engineers and technicians developed and manufactured thousands of inexpensive 3D-printed face shields, inside hospital setting. T...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2020.08.005
更新日期：2020-08-11 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) tops the list of threats to human health. Studies exploring predictors of mortality in patients with CRAB infection produced conflicting results. METHODS:A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases was performed from incep...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2019.03.003
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Reverse osmosis (RO), a major advance in hemodialysis (HD) safety, effectively clears most water organisms. Delftia acidovorans is an environmental water-borne pathogen that is rarely reported to cause human infections. We report a pseudo outbreak caused by colonization of RO machines with D acidovorans wi...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2019.11.027
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
