Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Studies taken from different hospitalized patient populations, environments, and geographic regions reveal differences in the numbers and species of organisms colonizing the skin. Our aim was to determine the types and amounts of skin flora, and examine the factors associated with variations in microbial skin flora in patients in Thailand. METHOD:We studied 350 outpatients and 500 inpatients at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. The skin at the forearm and the sternum of each patient was cultured by contact plate technique. RESULTS:The number of skin flora colony-forming units (CFUs) were correlated to the site of sampling. There was a significant correlation of CFUs between samples from the forearm and the sternum in patients who were hospitalized (r = 0.6; P <.001) and in outpatients (r = 0.5; P <.001). The numbers of micro-organisms on the sternum was significantly greater than the number cultured from the forearm for all patients. Inpatients had significantly more organisms on the the forearm and sternum compared with outpatients. High counts (CFUs > 600) were found more frequently in patients who were hospitalized; had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, or autoimmune diseases; and were undergoing operation and receiving antibiotics. Acinetobacter spp and methicillin-resistant Staphyloccoccus aureus were found more frequently in patients who were hospitalized. CONCLUSION:Skin flora of patients in tertiary care hospitals in Thailand has higher CFUs, and A baumannii is prevalent, especially in patients who are hospitalized.
journal_name
Am J Infect Controljournal_title
American journal of infection controlauthors
Thamlikitkul V,Santiprasitkul S,Suntanondra L,Pakaworawuth S,Tiangrim S,Udompunthurak S,Danchaivijitr Sdoi
10.1067/mic.2003.64subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-04-01 00:00:00pages
80-4issue
2eissn
0196-6553issn
1527-3296pii
S0196655302482648journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:One medical center in southern Taiwan faced an outbreak of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease; a total of 81 suspected cases were detected during an 8-month period. Baseline environmental surveillance showed that 80% of the distal sites in intensive care units (ICUs) were positive for Legionella pneumophila. Superheat-a...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2004.12.008
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the implementation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination programs for hospital workers, we mailed questionnaires to all 229 licensed Michigan hospitals. The response rate was 96% (221/229); of these, 68% (150/221) had vaccination programs. Although multiple hospital characteristics were associated with the ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-6553(88)90059-4
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Clostridioides difficile is a major cause of infectious antibiotic resistant diarrhea. C. difficile spores are shed in patient stool, are hearty and difficult to kill. Bedpans are often used by patients with C. difficile infections and require proper handling and cleaning or disposal to prevent the transmiss...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2019.11.028
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The removal of personal protective equipment (PPE) after patient care may result in transfer of virus to hands and clothing of health care workers (HCWs). The risk of transfer can be modeled using harmless viruses to obtain quantitative data. To determine whether double-gloving reduces virus transfer to HCWs...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.04.324
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study describes the organization of infection control committees in a Brazilian multihospital system, identifying their major problems. Our goal is to discuss the main deficiencies in infection control and to target some interventions that can improve the efficiency of these actions in Brazilian hospital...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/ic.1999.v27.a98520
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Contaminated computer keyboards have been acknowledged as a potential source for bacterial transmission between health care providers and patients. Biosafe HM 4100 is an antimicrobial polymer that can be incorporated into the polyurethane material used to make keyboard covers. This study aimed to determine w...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2012.03.030
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Correlations between symptom documentation in medical records and patient self-report (SR) vary depending on the condition studied. Patient symptoms are particularly important in urinary tract infection (UTI) diagnosis, and this correlation for UTI symptoms is currently unknown. METHODS:This is a cross-sect...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.04.208
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:No information is available on the financial impact of nosocomial pneumonia in Argentina. To calculate the cost of nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care units, a 5-year, matched cohort study was undertaken at 3 hospitals in Argentina. SETTING:Six adult intensive care units (ICU). METHODS:Three hundred sev...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2004.08.008
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A telephone survey involving 200 household members in and around Seoul, South Korea, was completed during the maturity stage of the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in Korea during June 2015. The study found that respondents perceived low risk from contracting MERS, had low trust in government in co...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.03.014
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Scabies is a dermatologic infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei. In industrialized countries, hospitals and other health structures can sometimes be hit. The optimal management of scabies outbreaks still has to be established, mass prophylaxis being one possible option. METHODS:To identify the optimal app...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2013.10.006
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The hand hygiene technique that the World Health Organization recommends for cleansing hands with soap and water or alcohol-based handrub consists of 7 poses. We used an automated training system to improve clinicians' hand hygiene technique and test whether this affected hospitalwide hand hygiene complian...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.04.201
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Most cases of microbial transmission to patients via contaminated endoscopes have resulted from nonadherence to reprocessing guidelines. We evaluated the occurrence, features, and implications of reprocessing lapses to gauge the nature and breadth of the problem in the context of widely available and accepte...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2013.04.022
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study examines how well regulations for bloodborne pathogens (BBPs), established primarily to reduce exposure risk for health care workers, are being followed by workers and employers in the tattooing and body piercing industry. METHOD:Twelve shops performing tattooing and/or body piercing (body art) i...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2009.07.008
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In 1999, licensed health care facilities in California (N = 2532) were invited to participate in a survey about occupational bloodborne pathogens exposure surveillance activities, recordkeeping methods, and use of safety-enhanced sharps devices. RESULTS:A total of 1274 facilities responded to the survey fro...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mic.2002.122646
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Varicella-zoster virus is a herpes virus that produces a primary infection, chickenpox, manifested by a vesicular eruption and is considered one of the common childhood infectious diseases. After the initial infection the virus becomes latent, then when activated it is manifested as herpes zoster, commonly known as sh...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(98)80025-4
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study was undertaken to determine the temporal relationship between implementation of different interventions in an intensive care unit (ICU) and control of endemic nosocomial acquisition of extended-spectrum β-lactamase Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE). METHODS:This was a prospective observational study wit...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.07.026
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viridans group streptococci (VGS), a leading cause of bloodstream infection (BSI) in cancer patients, are thought to arise from the gastrointestinal tract. We sought to determine whether central venous catheters may serve as the source of VGS BSI, and to compare the ability of the newly proposed mucosal barrier injury...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2014.06.012
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Health care-associated infections (HCAIs) are preventable with adoption of recognized preventive measures. The first step is to identify patients at higher risk of HCAI. This study aimed to identify patient risk factors (RFs) present on admission and acquired during inpatient stay which could be associated w...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2017.03.036
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Horizontal transmission of bacteria, especially multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), remains an important concern in hospitals worldwide. Some studies have implicated provider attire in the transmission of organisms within hospitals, whereas others have suggested that evidence supporting this notion is lim...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2019.01.012
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Handwashing is the single most important procedure in the prevention of nosocomial infections and yet it remains the most violated of all infection control procedures. With a sequential intervention study in an intensive care unit we have demonstrated that poor handwashing practices are associated with a high nosocomi...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-6553(89)90002-3
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics, but little is known about their ability to increase resistance to chemical disinfectants. This study randomly sampled 3 automated endoscope reprocessors in the United States using aldehydes for endoscope disinfection. Bacterial contamination was found after disinfection ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.11.004
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The recently introduced concept of hands-free technique (HFT) currently has no recommendations or formal educational program for use in the Republic of Korea. This study evaluated the level of HFT use and investigated factors related to HFT use among Korean operating room nurses. METHOD:Data were obtained t...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2008.01.013
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) testing at admission to the hospital was found to have a positive likelihood ratio of 8.5 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.41 for predicting MRSA soft tissue infections. The clinical utility of this test depends on the prevalence of MRSA infection. In high p...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.03.039
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article catalogs some of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) more important information resource offerings, which make public health information accessible via computer and automated telephone systems and on electronic media (diskette and CD-ROM). We review mechanisms for (1) finding and retrie...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(96)90038-3
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A safe alternative to ethylene oxide for reprocessing heat-sensitive lumen medical devices, such as endoscopes, is needed. The effectiveness of a new, safe, low-cost, and environmentally friendly low-temperature sterilization process using ozone was assessed. METHOD:Rigid lumen devices were used to assess t...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2007.06.006
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted a campaign to increase seasonal influenza vaccination of dialysis health care workers (HCWs) in the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. Between the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 influenza seasons we examined the correlates of change. HCW vaccination rates improved significantly (P < .01...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2014.12.011
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Optimal usability is crucial in providing protection for health care workers who are exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome day and night while taking care of patients with the virus. No research study has yet tested the usability of personal protective clothing (PPC). METHOD:The study was carried out...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2003.08.004
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Lack of guideline knowledge and cognitive biases are barriers that drive overtreatment of catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB). We explored whether providers' knowledge and attitudes toward management of ASB differed before and after a multifaceted guidelines implementation intervention, report...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.04.238
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To understand whether the burden of hand hygiene contributes to poor compliance we measured the daily number of hand hygiene opportunities (HHOs) by shift for nurses and physicians in 2 wards in a 850-bed university teaching hospital. METHODS:On each ward 4 trained auditors collected the number of HHOs and ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.02.006
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The potential risks associated with "toilet plume" aerosols produced by flush toilets is a subject of continuing study. This review examines the evidence regarding toilet plume bioaerosol generation and infectious disease transmission. METHODS:The peer-reviewed scientific literature was searched to identify...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2012.04.330
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
