Abstract:
:It has recently become clear that microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system, are far more active in the healthy brain than previously thought. Microglia facilitate many stages of brain development by shaping neuronal connectivity via synaptic elimination. Dysfunction of these same processes likely underlies a wide range of neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Whitelaw BSdoi
10.1152/jn.00021.2017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-4issue
1eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598pii
jn.00021.2017journal_volume
119pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::One of the critical factors in determining network behavior of neurons is the influence of local circuit connections among interneurons. The short-term synaptic plasticity and the subtype of presynaptic calcium channels used at local circuit connections of inhibitory interneurons in CA1 were investigated using dual wh...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00831.2010
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Presynaptic activity of identified primary afferents from flexor, extensor, and bifunctional hindlimb muscles was studied with intra-axonal recordings during fictive locomotion. Fictive locomotion appeared spontaneously in decorticate cats (n = 9), with stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region (n = 4), and...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1991.65.4.914
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of horizontal smooth pursuit on the ocular responses to brief vertical perturbations of textured backgrounds in humans. When the subject was fixating on a stationary target, a brief vertical perturbation of the background elicited a small tracking response. When the subject was pursuing a target...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00430.2009
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Across the entire human body, postural tone might play its most critical role in the body's axis because the axis joins the four limbs and head into a single functioning unit during complex motor tasks as well as in static postures. Although postural tone is commonly viewed as low-level, tonic motor activity, we hypot...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00406.2006
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We studied the receptive fields of 171 striate cortical neurons from 17 cats raised with binocular lid suture. Of these, 102 fields were within 10 degrees of the area centralis and the remaining 69 were at least 38 degrees from the vertical meridian. 2. Based on their different response properties, cells were divid...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1978.41.2.322
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopaminergic modulation of neuronal networks in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) is believed to play an important role in information processing during working memory tasks in both humans and nonhuman primates. To understand the basic cellular mechanisms that underlie these actions of dopamine (DA), we have in...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.6.2799
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Semi-isolated preparations of the nine-celled cardiac ganglion of the crab, Portunus sanguinolentus, were studied electrophysiologically, using simultaneous recording from extracellular and two or three intracellular electrodes. Nine penetrations of small cells were achieved. 2. Three large (80 x 120 micron) cells ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1979.42.4.975
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surface electromyograms (EMG) and force were recorded during repeated involuntary spasms of paralyzed triceps surae muscles of four men with chronic cervical spinal cord injury. The firing rates of 78 medial gastrocnemius (MG) motor units also were recorded intramuscularly with tungsten microelectrodes. Spasms typical...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.5.2847
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trace eyeblink classical conditioning (tEBCC) can be accelerated by making training trials contingent on the naturally generated hippocampal 3- to 7-Hz theta rhythm. However, it is not well-understood how the presence (or absence) of theta affects stimulus-driven changes within the hippocampus and how it correlates wi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00801.2010
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonsynaptic mechanisms exert a powerful influence on seizure threshold. It is well-established that nonsynaptic epileptiform activity can be induced in hippocampal slices by reducing extracellular Ca(2+) concentration. We show here that nonsynaptic epileptiform activity can be readily induced in vitro in normal (2 mM)...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00196.2001
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans adopt very different head movement strategies for different gaze behaviors, for example, when playing sports versus watching sports on television. Such strategy switching appears to depend on both context and expectation of future gaze positions. Here, we explored the neural mechanisms for such behaviors by tra...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00222.2012
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fear conditioning studies have led to the view that the amygdala contains neurons that signal threat and in turn elicit defensive behaviors through their brain stem and hypothalamic targets. In agreement with this model, a prior unit-recording study in rats performing a seminaturalistic foraging task revealed that man...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00807.2018
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mg2+-extrusion from Mg2+-loaded neurons of the leech, Hirudo medicinalis, is mediated mainly by Na+/Mg2+ antiport. However, in a number of leech neurons, Mg2+ is extruded in the nominal absence of extracellular Na+, indicating the existence of an additional, Na+-independent Mg2+ transport mechanism. This mechanism was...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01221.2004
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We have identified putative histaminergic neurons in the central nervous system of Aplysia californica by light-microscopic autoradiography after uptake of [3H]histamine and by immunohistochemistry with the use of an antibody specific for histamine. 2. In the cerebral ganglion cells previously shown to contain hist...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.64.3.736
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The responses of a total of 70 single neurons were recorded from the parabrachial nuclei (PBN) in awake rats. In 59 neurons, sapid stimuli (0.5 ml) elicited significant taste responses. Of these 59 neurons, 10 also had significant responses to water. The mean spontaneous rate of the taste neurons was 13.4 +/- 6.9 (...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.63.4.707
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regeneration of a cut muscle nerve fails to restore the stretch reflex, and the companion paper to this article [Alvarez FJ, Titus-Mitchell HE, Bullinger KL, Kraszpulski M, Nardelli P, Cope TC. J Neurophysiol (August 10, 2011). doi:10.1152/jn.01095.2010] suggests an important central contribution from substantial and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01097.2010
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mammalian vestibular periphery, electrical activation of the efferent vestibular system (EVS) has two effects on afferent activity: 1) it increases background afferent discharge and 2) decreases afferent sensitivity to rotational stimuli. Although the cellular mechanisms underlying these two contrasting afferen...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00030.2017
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We have previously shown that Xenopus spinal motoneurons make both chemical and electrical synapses with neighboring motoneurons. Because motoneurons are active during swimming, these synapses would be expected to contribute excitation to their neighbors. The significance of central motoneuron to motoneuron synapse...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.3.1005
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we attempted to identify the principles that govern the changes in neural control that occur during repeated performance of a multiarticular coordination task. Eight participants produced isometric flexion/extension and pronation/supination torques at the radiohumeral joint, either in isolation (e.g., fl...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00670.2004
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The completion of an antisaccade (i.e., a nonstandard task) lengthens the reaction time (RT) of a subsequent prosaccade: a behavioral phenomenon termed the unidirectional prosaccade switch-cost. One explanation for the unidirectional prosaccade switch-cost is suppressing a stimulus-driven prosaccade during the precedi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00352.2014
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the nature of the visuomotor transformation, previous studies have used pointing tasks and examined how adaptation to a spatially localized mismatch between vision and proprioception generalizes across the workspace. Whereas some studies found extensive spatial generalization of single-point remapping, ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00507.2007
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term depression (LTD) was induced in neocortical layer 5 pyramidal connections by pairing presynaptic firing with subthreshold postsynaptic depolarization (dLTD) or via a spike-timing protocol (tLTD). Like tLTD, dLTD reduced short-term depression and increased the coefficient of variation consistent with a presyn...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00376.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this tribute to Reggie Edgerton, I briefly review the spinal mechanisms that coordinate locomotion and the interaction between the different sensory mechanisms that help coordinate the locomotor movements and the central locomotor network. The step cycle has four distinct parts, the support phase, the lift off, the...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00656.2020
更新日期:2020-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Most retinal bipolar cells (BCs) transmit visual input from photoreceptors to ganglion cells using graded potentials, but some also generate calcium or sodium spikes. Sodium spikes are thought to increase temporal precision of light-evoked BC signaling; however, the role of calcium spikes in BCs is not fully understoo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00378.2014
更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::To perform goal-oriented hand movement, humans combine multiple sensory signals (e.g., vision and proprioception) that can be encoded in various reference frames (body centered and/or exo-centered). In a previous study (Tagliabue M, McIntyre J. PLoS One 8: e68438, 2013), we showed that, when aligning a hand to a remem...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00140.2017
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alphabetagamma GABA(A) receptor currents are phasic and desensitizing, whereas alphabetadelta GABA(A) receptor currents are tonic and have no fast desensitization. alphabetagamma receptors are subsynaptic and mediate phasic inhibition, whereas alphabetadelta receptors are extra- or perisynaptic and mediate tonic inhib...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00285.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular recordings were performed in Cs-loaded sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs) of the intermediolateral nucleus, identified by antidromic stimulation, in the slice of the T2 or T3 segment of the cat spinal cord. Loading the neurons with Cs resulted in broadening of the action potential, depression of th...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.57.5.1325
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Fifty-nine rubromotoneuronal (RM) cells were identified in two rhesus monkeys on the basis of their postspike facilitation (PSpF) of rectified electromyographic (EMG) activity. These cells were studied in relation to a step tracking task requiring wrist movements between fixed target zones in flexion and extension....
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.14
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The horizontal cell is a second-order retinal neuron that is depolarized in the dark and responds to light with graded potential changes. In such a nonspiking neuron, not only the voltage-gated ionic conductances but also Ca(2+) regulation mechanisms, e.g., the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange and the Ca(2+) pump, are considered...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00778.2000
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent study, Wang et al. (J Neurophysiol 113: 1989-2001, 2015) used a precision grip force control task to unveil the contribution of feedforward and feedback mechanisms to sensorimotor dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Impairment of both motor control mechanisms was observed, along with significant...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00647.2015
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00